32 research outputs found
Numerical and experimental identification of vibration convection chamber of fluid power boiler
On the housing of convection chamber vibrations were measured, using acceleration sensors in 16 measurement points, connected to a multichannel recorder. The measurement data were recorded for different states of boiler load, in a wide range of time - 4 hours of measurement. The measurement results indicated that the most important vibrations frequencies of side walls were in the band 30- 30.5 Hz, appeared in block during increase of the power and operation under full load. High amplitudes were also recorded in the band 7-9Hz with a load of 260 MW unit after 2 hours of steady work. Convection chamber was at resonance for these frequencies [1]. In order to identify the vibration of the actual object it was necessary to identify the form of natural frequency of the convection chamber. As first, was discrete model of convection chamber created, and then modal analysis was made, using the Lanczos algorithm. Results of the modal analysis pointed out that due to the complexity of the convection chambers geometry there was a big number of local and global modal shapes. We could see big amplitudes of convection chamber shell displacements in the ranges of structural mode bands: 7-9 Hz, 1618 Hz, 30-30.5 Hz. If the excitations frequencies in the example from flowing gas are in the same range as natural shapes, the resonance may occur. We cannot determine actual displacements and stress using numerical modal analysis. We have to identify the source of variable strength, to obtain values of time-varying stresses. If we compare the results of modal analysis and measurement at the real object, we can select the areas of construction, in which there is a high probability of resonance. The cause of the convection chambers resonance was probably force created by turbulent boundary layer of gas. The gas flows along the inside of the convection chamber walls [6]. Resonance can be prevented by increasing the stiffness of the chamber walls in areas where there are large vibration amplitude. In this way, we can increase local natural frequency of the chamber. A good method to increase stiffness of the chamber walls is the distribution of bracing beams between the existing stiffeners [2]
Diagnostic聽method of聽measuring聽hanger rods tension forces in the suspension of聽the power boilers combustion chamber
Combustion chambers of contemporary power boilers are suspended on hanger roads because of thermal strains. The hangers are placed along the side edges of a rectangular chamber. A tensile force of hanger road has a significant influence on stress state of combustion chambers. A method of tensile force measurements and determine the correct of are tensile force is therefore important. There are presented a novel method of a tensile force's measurements and methodology for determining the distribution of tensile forces
Numerical-experimental vibration analysis of the fixed jib of the multibucket wheel excavator
Istotnym zagadnieniem obserwowanym podczas eksploatacji koparek wieloczerpakowych ko艂owych s膮 niekorzystne drgania element贸w struktury no艣nej. 殴r贸d艂em tych drga艅 s膮 obci膮偶enia zmienne od opor贸w urabiania, od przemieszczaj膮cego si臋 urobku na przeno艣nikach oraz uderzenia punktach prze艂adowczych. Z uwagi na du偶e wymiary gabarytowe tych maszyn podczas przejazd贸w obserwuje si臋 znaczne wychylenia maszt贸w, wysi臋gnic, wysi臋gnik贸w ko艂a czerpakowego i wysi臋gnika przeciwwagi. Przedmiotem pracy jest analiza numeryczno-do艣wiadczalna drga艅 wysi臋gnicy jednej z koparek, w kt贸rej obserwuje si臋 znaczne wychylenia boczne, tak podczas urabiania, jak i podczas przejazd贸w. W tym celu zastosowano odpowiedni uk艂ad pomiarowy oparty na czujnikach akcelerometrycznych do rejestracji drga艅 i analizy cz臋stotliwo艣ciowej. Do symulacji komputerowej opracowano model pow艂okowy do oblicze艅 metod膮 element贸w sko艅czonych (MES), pozwalaj膮cy przeprowadza膰 analizy drga艅 lokalnych i globalnych. Model MES zosta艂 dostrojony do parametr贸w okre艣lonych podczas pomiar贸w na obiekcie. Poprawnie przygotowany model komputerowy umo偶liwi艂 opracowanie szeregu wariant贸w zmian konstrukcyjnych maj膮cych na celu zmniejszenie niekorzystnych drga艅 badanego zespo艂u.The adverse vibrations of elements of excavator supporting structure are the significant problem observed during the exploitation of multibucket wheel excavators. The source of these vibrations is the changeable loading from the mining process and from the moving output on the conveyors, as well as the strokes in the tranship points. Because of the large dimensions of these machines significant deflections of masts, fixed jibs, bucket wheel booms and counterweight boom are observed during the machine moving. The aim of the study is the numerical-experimental vibration analysis of the fixed jib of one of the excavators, which the lateral deflections during the mining and moving are observed in. For this reason the equivalent measurement system that bases on the accelerometer sensors for vibration recording and frequency analysis is used. For the numerical simulation, the shell model for calculation with use of Finite Element Method (FEM) that enables to conduct the analyses of local and global vibrations was elaborated. The FEM model was tuned to parameters determined during the measurements done on the object. Correctly prepared computer model has enabled the collaboration of various variants of structural changes, that purpose is to decrease the disadvantageous vibrations of the measured assembly
Numeryczno-do艣wiadczalna analiza drga艅 wysi臋gnicy koparki wieloczerpakowej ko艂owej
Tyt. z nag艂贸wka.Bibliografia s. 210.Dost臋pny r贸wnie偶 w formie drukowanej.STRESZCZENIE: Istotnym zagadnieniem obserwowanym podczas eksploatacji koparek wieloczerpakowych ko艂owych s膮 niekorzystne drgania element贸w struktury no艣nej. 殴r贸d艂em tych drga艅 s膮 obci膮偶enia zmienne od opor贸w urabiania, od przemieszczaj膮cego si臋 urobku na przeno艣nikach oraz uderzenia punktach prze艂adowczych. Z uwagi na du偶e wymiary gabarytowe tych maszyn podczas przejazd贸w obserwuje si臋 znaczne wychylenia maszt贸w, wysi臋gnic, wysi臋gnik贸w ko艂a czerpakowego i wysi臋gnika przeciwwagi. Przedmiotem pracy jest analiza numeryczno-do艣wiadczalna drga艅 wysi臋gnicy jednej z koparek, w kt贸rej obserwuje si臋 znaczne wychylenia boczne, tak podczas urabiania, jak i podczas przejazd贸w. W tym celu zastosowano odpowiedni uk艂ad pomiarowy oparty na czujnikach akcelerometrycznych do rejestracji drga艅 i analizy cz臋stotliwo艣ciowej. Do symulacji komputerowej opracowano model pow艂okowy do oblicze艅 metod膮 element贸w sko艅czonych (MES), pozwalaj膮cy przeprowadza膰 analizy drga艅 lokalnych i globalnych. Model MES zosta艂 dostrojony do parametr贸w okre艣lonych podczas pomiar贸w na obiekcie. Poprawnie przygotowany model komputerowy umo偶liwi艂 opracowanie szeregu wariant贸w zmian konstrukcyjnych maj膮cych na celu zmniejszenie niekorzystnych drga艅 badanego zespo艂u. S艁OWA KLUCZOWE: Koparki wieloczerpakowe ko艂owe, metoda element贸w sko艅czonych, analiza modalna. ABSTRACT: The adverse vibrations of elements of excavator supporting structure are the significant problem observed during the exploitation of multibucket wheel excavators. The source of these vibrations is the changeable loading from the mining process and from the moving output on the conveyors, as well as the strokes in the tranship points. Because of the large dimensions of these machines significant deflections of masts, fixed jibs, bucket wheel booms and counterweight boom are observed during the machine moving. The aim of the study is the numerical-experimental vibration analysis of the fixed jib of one of the excavators, which the lateral deflections during the mining and moving are observed in. For this reason the equivalent measurement system that bases on the accelerometer sensors for vibration recording and frequency analysis is used. For the numerical simulation, the shell model for calculation with use of Finite Element Method (FEM) that enables to conduct the analyses of local and global vibrations was elaborated. The FEM model was tuned to parameters determined during the measurements done on the object. Correctly prepared computer model has enabled the collaboration of various variants of structural changes, that purpose is to decrease the disadvantageous vibrations of the measured assembly. KEYWORDS: Multibucket wheel excavators, finite element method, modal analysis
Problems of explosion influence on MRAP mine-resistant vehicles
Pojazdy minoodporne MRAP pomimo zwi臋kszonej odporno艣ci na dzia艂ania wybuchu nara偶one s膮 na uszkodzenia, b臋d膮ce wynikiem atak贸w z u偶yciem min i improwizowanych urz膮dze艅 wybuchowych. Fakt ten powoduje, 偶e w wielu o艣rodkach naukowych prowadzi si臋 badania, zmierzaj膮ce do wprowadzenia rozwi膮za艅 konstrukcyjnych, kt贸re pozwoli艂yby znacz膮co zminimalizowa膰 tego typu niebezpiecze艅stwo. W artykule przedstawiono zagro偶enia, b臋d膮ce wynikiem eksplozji 艂adunk贸w wybuchowych i ich wp艂yw na pojazdy. Dokonano charakterystyki element贸w konstrukcyjnych MRAP, maj膮cych wp艂yw na podniesienie wytrzyma艂o艣ci na zjawisko wybuchu. Zdefiniowano zagro偶enia b臋d膮ce wynikiem obci膮偶enia odbit膮 fal膮 uderzeniow膮 oraz zaprezentowano metody okre艣lania jej parametr贸w.MRAP mine-resistant vehicles are still endangered by attacks with mines and improvised explosive devices, despite their increased resistance to blasts. This has led to the situation in which numerous science institutions are carrying out research on new design elements which will minimise this kind of threat. The article presents threats caused by an explosion and its influence on vehicles. Moreover, the authors describe design elements of MRAP vehicles which improve mine resistance. The authors also define threats resulting from the load of the reflected blast wave. The methods of its parameters determination are also presented
Analiza wytrzyma艂o艣ciowa ko艂a czerpakowego koparki w warunkach za艂o偶onej wydajno艣ci
Tyt. z nag艂贸wka.Bibliogr. s. [80].Dost臋pny r贸wnie偶 w formie drukowanej.STRESZCZENIE: Zespo艂ami szczeg贸lnie wyt臋偶onymi i nara偶onymi na awarie s膮 uk艂ady urabiania koparek wieloczerpakowych, w szczeg贸lno艣ci czerpaki i ko艂a czerpakowe. W pracy przedstawiono analiz臋 wytrzyma艂o艣ciow膮 ko艂a czerpakowego dla obci膮偶e艅 zapewniaj膮cych wymagan膮 wydajno艣膰. Analiz臋 przeprowadzono dla r贸偶nych kategorii gruntu, dla okre艣lonej liczby czerpak贸w, pr臋dko艣ci obrotowej i mocy uk艂adu nap臋dowego. Zagadnienie to jest szczeg贸lnie istotne przy zmianie warunk贸w urabiania lub zwi臋kszeniu wydajno艣ci z zachowaniem wymaganej trwa艂o艣ci. Przeprowadzono tak偶e analiz臋 si艂 wyst臋puj膮cych podczas urabiania. Okre艣lono ca艂kowity op贸r urabiania, moment oporu urabiania i moc oporu urabiania przy za艂o偶onej wydajno艣ci. Dane te uwzgl臋dniono w obliczeniach wytrzyma艂o艣ciowych przeprowadzonych zgodnie z norm膮 PN-G-47000-2, kt贸re pozwoli艂y oceni膰 mo偶liwo艣膰 zastosowania za艂o偶onej wydajno艣ci. S艁OWA KLUCZOWE: maszyny g贸rnictwa w臋gla brunatnego, koparki wieloczerpakowe ko艂owe, uk艂ad urabiania, obliczenia wytrzyma艂o艣ciowe, metoda element贸w sko艅czonych. ABSTRACT: Assembly, which is particularly strained and vulnerable to failures is the mining system of multibucket excavators, especially the buckets and the bucket wheel. The paper presents a strength analysis of bucket wheel at the assumed, required performance. The analysis was conducted for the various categories of land, for a specified number of buckets, velocities and power of transmission system. This issue is particularly important at changing the mining conditions and possibilities of increasing efficiency while maintaining the required stability. An analysis of the forces encountered during excavation was conducted. The total resistance of the mining, cutting resistance torque and power at the assumed resistance of the mining efficiency were determined. These data are included in the carried out strength calculations according to PN-G-47000-2 standard, which allowed to assess the applicability of the assumed productivity. KEYWORDS: brown coal mining machinery, multibucket wheel excavators, mining systems, strength calculation, finite elements method
The conception of station for tests of influence of blast wave on different shape protection elements
W pracy przedstawiono projekt stanowiska badawczego do pomiaru parametr贸w fali uderzeniowej wybuchu, oddzia艂ywuj膮cej na os艂ony o r贸偶nym kszta艂cie. Koncepcj臋 stanowiska przygotowano w oparciu o za艂o偶enie, 偶e nadci艣nienie fali uderzeniowej i impuls nadci艣nienia s膮 zasadniczymi charakterystykami fali uderzeniowej wybuchu wp艂ywaj膮cymi na powstawanie zagro偶e艅 dla otoczenia oraz okre艣laj膮cymi jej mechaniczne oddzia艂ywanie. Opisane stanowisko, zdaniem autor贸w ma umo偶liwi膰 pomiar przebiegu wybranych parametr贸w fali swobodnej i odbitej oddzia艂ywuj膮cej na os艂ony ustawione w stosunku do pod艂o偶a pod r贸偶nymi k膮tami oraz oddalonymi od centrum 艂adunku wybuchowego w r贸偶nych odleg艂o艣ciach.The article presents the project of station for measurement of influence of blast wave parameters on different shape protection elements. A conception of station is prepared compatibly with theory that overpressure and impulse are main blast wave parameters, which cause danger for surroundings and define mechanical impact. In the opinion of authors described position allows the analysis of protection structure elements, which are positioned in different angle and distance to ground and are loaded by free and reflected blast wave parameters
The analysis of fractures forming in the connection region of the steering frame and the caterpillar girder
Jednym z istotnych problem贸w podczas eksploatacji maszyn podstawowych g贸rnictwa odkrywkowego s膮 p臋kni臋cia pojawiaj膮ce si臋 w uk艂adzie jezdnym. P臋kni臋cia te wyst臋puj膮 najcz臋艣ciej w uk艂adzie skr臋tu, tj. na po艂膮czeniu dyszla z zestawem g膮sienic lub dyszla z d藕wigarem g膮sienic. Zespo艂y te poddawane s膮 znacznym przeci膮偶eniom podczas wykonywania skr臋tu. Aktualna norma DIN 22261 nie wymaga przeprowadzenia oblicze艅 zm臋czeniowych element贸w podwozia. W pracy zamieszczono przyk艂ady p臋kni臋膰 w uk艂adzie jezdnym podawarki; analizy MES tych element贸w i propozycje wzmocnie艅 maj膮cych na celu zmniejszenie podatno艣ci na p臋kanie.The most important problems during surface mining are fractures of a mining machines load-carrying structures. They occur most often in the connection region of the steering frame and caterpillar girder. The greatest forces affect this elements in a case of changing the trajectory. According to standard DIN 22261 fatigue calculations of undercarriages are not compulsory. In this article the fracture source of a loading elevator undercarriage connected with an excavator SchRs-4000 was analyzed by the use of numerical methods. The forces acting on the undercarriage were calculated. The Finite Element Analysis was carried out and the results were presented in this paper. On the basis of FEA the fracture spots of a load-carrying structure were specified and the proposals of strengthening were suggested in order to improve fracture toughness