Analysis of Postmortem Examination in Exhumed Cases Done in and Around Bangalore, India for 10 Years: A Retrospective Study

Background: Exhumation is the process of removing the dead body from the grave. The reasons and time limit for exhumation may vary from country to country. After receiving a request from the Magistrate, exhumation followed by postmortem is done to gain essential evidence. To comprehensively analyze the exhumation cases done in Victoria Hospital, Bangalore, and how exhumation followed by postmortem examination aids in finding the cause of death.Methods: All cases of exhumations performed for 10 years (from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021) in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Victoria Hospital, Bangalore, were studied retrospectively. The essential data were collected from requisition forms, exhumation, and postmortem reports. The results were obtained after tabulating, and data were analyzed with an observational method.Results: A total of 37 exhumation cases were done during the study period. Young males in the age group of 21 to 30 years were the major population. Out of 37 cases, the cause of death was established in 25 cases (68%).Conclusion: Analysis of postmortem examination in exhumed cases gives much information from a medicolegal point of view to determine the cause and reveal the mysteries behind the manner of death. Hence it is not a vain procedure

Coaltered Ras/B-raf and TP53 Is Associated with Extremes of Survivorship and Distinct Patterns of Metastasis in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

We aimed to investigate genomic correlates underlying extremes of survivorship in metastatic colorectal cancer and their applicability in informing survival in distinct subsets of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. We examined differences in oncogenic somatic alterations between metastatic colorectal cancer cohorts demonstrating extremes of survivorship following complete metastasectomy: ≤2-year ( = 17) and ≥10-year ( = 18) survivors. Relevant genomic findings, and their association with overall survival (OS), were validated in two independent datasets of 935 stage IV and 443 resected stage I-IV patients. In the extremes-of-survivorship cohort, significant co-occurrence of hotspot mutations and alterations was observed in ≤2-year survivors ( < 0.001). When validating these findings in the independent cohort of 935 stage IV patients, incorporation of the cumulative effect of any oncogenic (i.e., either , or ) and alteration generated three prognostic clusters: (i) -altered alone (median OS, 132 months); (ii) -altered alone (65 months) or - and pan-wild-type (60 months); and (iii) coaltered - (40 months; < 0.0001). Coaltered - was independently associated with mortality (HR, 2.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.91-3.21; < 0.001). This molecular profile predicted survival in the second independent cohort of 443 resected stage I-IV patients. Coaltered - was associated with worse OS in patients with liver ( = 490) and lung ( = 172) but not peritoneal surface ( = 149) metastases. Moreover, coaltered - tumors were significantly more likely to involve extrahepatic metastatic sites with limited salvage options. Genomic analysis of extremes of survivorship following colorectal cancer metastasectomy identifies a prognostic role for coaltered - and its association with distinct patterns of colorectal cancer metastasis