Average CD4 cell count (A) and change from baseline in CD4 cell count (B) over time, stratified by study arm.

<p>Directly administered antiretroviral therapy (DAART) is shown with square markers and solid lines and self-administered therapy (SAT) is shown with diamond markers and dashed lines. Individual-level data are shown at each time point (o indicating SAT and+indicating DAART).</p

Study outcomes in a randomized trial comparing directly administered antiretroviral therapy with self-administered therapy in opioid treatment programs, Baltimore, Maryland, 2006–2010.

<p>SAT, self-administered therapy; DAART, directly administered therapy; CI, confidence interval.</p>a<p>Difference in proportions (binary outcomes) or means (continuous outcomes) between DAART and SAT.</p>b<p>Primary outcome.</p>c<p>Electronic adherence data available for 51 and 52 SAT and DAART participants, respectively.</p>d<p>Adherence is (doses recorded/doses expected in the monitoring period)*100.</p

Baseline characteristics of HIV-infected participants in a randomized trial comparing directly administered antiretroviral therapy with self-administered therapy in opioid treatment programs, Baltimore, Maryland, 2006–2010.

<p>SAT, self-administered therapy; DAART, directly administered therapy; PI, protease inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.</p>a<p>Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) short form scale <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0068286#pone.0068286-Andresen1" target="_blank">[14]</a>. Higher values indicate more numerous or severe depressive symptoms (range 0 to 30).</p>b<p>Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0068286#pone.0068286-Saunders1" target="_blank">[15]</a> of 8 or more is associated with hazardous drinking.</p

Study screening, enrollment, and disposition.

<p>Censored subjects had not reached the indicated study visit prior to the administrative closure of the study. DAART, directly administered antiretroviral therapy; SAT, self-administered therapy.</p

Virologic failure and acquisition of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in a randomized trial comparing directly administered antiretroviral therapy with self-administered therapy in opioid treatment programs, Baltimore, Maryland, 2006–2010.

<p>SAT, self-administered therapy; DAART, directly administered therapy; CI, confidence interval.</p

HIV RNA suppression, at cutoffs of <50 (A) and <400 copies/mL (B), at baseline, 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up visits, stratified by study arm, with missing values ignored.

<p>Directly administered antiretroviral therapy (DAART) is shown with square markers and solid lines and self-administered therapy (SAT) is shown with diamond markers and dashed lines.</p