Hubungan antara Ukuran Lingkar Pinggang dengan Masa Lemak Tubuh, Profil Lipid, dan Gula Darah Puasa pada Remaja Obese

Latar belakang. Obesitas pada anak masih menjadi masalah dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Obesitas abdominal, yang ditandai dengan besarnya ukuran lingkar pinggang, dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular, metabolik, dan kematian. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran ukuran lingkar pinggang pada anak obes, serta hubungannya dengan masa lemak tubuh, profil lipid, dan kadar gula darah puasa. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang. Subjek penelitian adalah anak usia 14-18 tahun dengan obesitas. Pemeriksaan tinggi badan, berat badan, lingkar lengan atas, lingkar pinggang, dan bioelectric impedance analyzer (BIA) dilakukan untuk memperoleh gambaran antropometri subjek. Pemeriksaan darah puasa dilakukan untuk memperoleh data profil lipid dan gula darah puasa. Hasil. Sebanyak 69 subjek terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Semua subjek mempunyai lingkar pinggang ≥P80, dengan lingkar pinggang terlebar adalah 138 cm. Ukuran lingkar pinggang mempunyai korelasi yang bermakna dengan kolesterol high density lipoprotein (HDL), sedangkan korelasi dengan masa lemak tubuh, profil lipid lainnya, dan kadar gula darah puasa tidak bermakna. Kesimpulan. Obesitas pada anak umumnya disertai dengan ukuran lingkar pinggang yang melebihi P80. Ukuran lingkar pinggang mempunyai korelasi yang bermakna dengan kadar kolesterol HDL. Ukuran lingkar pinggang tidak boleh digunakan secara tunggal untuk memperkirakan masa lemak tubuh, profil lipid di luar kolesterol HDL, dan gula darah puasa

Gut Microbiota Profile of Infants with Breastfeeding and Mixed Feeding Patterns

We explore the gut microbiota profiles of 103 stool samples collected from infants at the age of 4 and 6 months in Jakarta, Indonesia. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing with Illumina MiSeq to identify the diversity, structure, and composition of the gut microbiota from those stool samples. Among 103 stool samples, 55 and 48 samples were collected from infants with breastfeeding and mixed feeding patterns, respectively. We found that the most abundant bacteria were Bifidobacteriales from the phylum of Actinobacteria (43.05%), Lactobacillales from the phylum of Firmicutes (28.39%), and Enterobacterales from the phylum of Proteobacteria (13.75%). The alpha and beta diversity analysis showed that the association between feeding patterns and differences in the microbial communities was not statistically significant (p-value >0.05). Our study did not show a difference in the gut microbiota pattern between the two feeding pattern groups. This result contributed to the variety of the world gut microbiota profile data in infants

Gross motor dysfunction as a risk factor for aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy

Background Respiratory problems, such as aspiration pneumonia, are major causes of morbidity and mortality in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and greatly affect the quality of life of these children. Nevertheless, there is limited data on the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with CP in Indonesia. Objective To determine the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy. Methods In children with CP aged 1-18 years, incidence of pneumonia was studied prospectively for 6 months and the prevalence of the risk factors was studied cross-sectionally. At baseline, we evaluated subjects’ by history-taking, physical examination, risk factors, and chest X-ray to assess the incidence of silent aspiration. Subjects were followed-up for six months to determine the incidence of overt or silent aspiration pneumonia. Results Eight out of 36 subjects had one or more episodes of aspiration, consisting of silent aspiration (2/36) and clinically diagnosed aspiration pneumonia (7/36). Subjects with more severe gross motor dysfunction experienced more episodes aspiration pneumonia, although it was not statistically significant (p = 0.06), while dysphagia (P=0.2) and nutritional status (P=0.11) were not associated with pneumonia or silent aspiration. Conclusion Twenty-five percent of children with CP experienced aspiration pneumonia during the 6-month study period, with gross motor dysfunction as a possible risk factor