Variação sazonal da composição do óleo essencial de Myrcia salzmannii Berg. (Myrtaceae)

This work report the seasonal variation of composition of the volatile oils from leaves and from flowers of Myrcia salzmannii harvested in the sand dunes of Salvador, Bahia, northeastern region of Brazil in the years 2001 and 2003. The oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS being identified 49 components. Nine essential oil samples of leaves collected on different months and years and one sample of flowers were analyzed. β-Caryophyllene and α-humulene were the only compounds present in all of the samples being the first the majority compound

Triterpenos da resina de Protium heptaphyllum March (B0urseraceae): caracterização em misturas binárias

Eight triterpenes, maniladiol, breine, ursa-9(11):12-dien-3beta-ol, oleana-9(11):12-dien-3beta-ol, 3alpha-hydroxy-tirucalla-8,24-dien-21-oic acid, 3alpha-hydroxy-tirucalla-7,24-dien-21-oic, alpha and beta amyrines were isolated as binary mixtures obtained from the chloroform extract of the oil-resin of Protium heptaphyllum March. The identification of the compounds was based mainly in 13C NMR data and mass spectra. The diene and the tetracyclic acid triterpenes were not reported before in the literature as constituents of the studied resin

Modes of action of arjunolic acid and derivatives on Trypanosoma cruzi

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-09-29T18:57:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza-Neta LC Modes of action of arjunolic......pdf: 1089939 bytes, checksum: 0dc91f8969576cc5716b0de98c6fbc6d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-09-29T18:58:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza-Neta LC Modes of action of arjunolic......pdf: 1089939 bytes, checksum: 0dc91f8969576cc5716b0de98c6fbc6d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-29T19:10:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza-Neta LC Modes of action of arjunolic......pdf: 1089939 bytes, checksum: 0dc91f8969576cc5716b0de98c6fbc6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Química. Grupo de Estudo de Produtos Naturais. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Química. Grupo de Estudo de Produtos Naturais. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Química. Grupo de Estudo de Produtos Naturais. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Química. Grupo de Estudo de Produtos Naturais. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Química. Grupo de Estudo de Produtos Naturais. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/ Instituto Nacional para Pesquisa Translacional em Saúde e Ambiente na Região Amazônica. Amazonia, MA, BrasilChagas disease causes considerable morbimortality in the Americas, with circa 7 to 8 million infected people, causing at least 12,000 annual deaths and 100 million people at risk. Its chemotherapy is poorly selective and effective, associated to severe side effects and unresponsive cases. Thus, R&D on therapeutic alternatives is undoubtedly required. The Brazilian poorly studied biodiversity offers uncountable bioagents, which may be exploited for chemotherapy. The triterpene arjunolic acid (AA), reduced the Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote in vitro proliferation with an apparent IC50 of 171 μM. Electron microscopy analysis revealed remarkable effects on the parasite surface and architecture. AA-treated parasites displayed minutely corrugated plasma membranes devoid of subpellicular microtubules as well as biogenesis of multiple basal bodies. As the AA effects appeared mainly restricted or originated at the parasite peripheral cytoplasm, including the cytoskeleton membrane linkage, we inferred that the compound targeted primarily the lipid bilayer; therefore, we performed synthetic modification to increase the molecule lipophilicity and thus membrane permeability. The methyl ester (MeAA) and tri-acetylated derivatives (3AcAA) had potentiated trypanocidal activity, producing IC50 values of 21.9 and 15.8 μM, respectively. Both derivatives were able to produce remarkable ultrastructural alterations in the parasites, including inner compartments such as Golgi apparatus and the endocytic/autophagic pathway. Parasites cultured with both derivatives displayed numerous and large autophagic vacuoles, altered flagellar length and cell body connection. These data indicate that synthetically-modified natural products comprise valuable tools in antiparasitic chemotherapy and that electron microscopy may be useful not only in determining the mechanisms of action but also in directing such modifications for rational drug design

Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Poiretia bahiana C. Müller (Papilionoideae-Leguminosae)

Poiretia bahiana known as "arrudinha", "arruda da serra" or "arruda brava", has its occurrence restricted to the rock fields (campo rupestre) areas in Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, northeastern region of Brazil. Its aerial parts present a pungent smell and have been used by local communities as fumigant for the control of infestation of fleas and in the treatment of hemorrhoids, articulations pain and sinusitis. This work reports the composition of the volatile oils from aerial parts of five specimens and of the essential oil from the fruits of one specimen of Poiretia bahiana that were harvested in four different places of Chapada Diamantina. Twenty nine components were identified from the oils analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Umbellulone, in concentrations between 55.0% and 75.3% and sabinene, in concentrations between 10.3% and 25.2% are the major components. The oil from the aerial parts of one specimen and the oil of fruits of another specimen had their antimicrobial properties evaluated against six bacteria, two yeasts and five filamentous fungi by the agar diffusion method and microdilution assay. The in vitro results demonstrated that these essential oils exhibit antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesuis, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cladosporium herbarum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum and are inactive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium notatum. The oil obtained from the aerial parts of one specimen displayed moderate toxicity against Artemia salina with a LC50 value of 459.03 mg mL-1

Leishmanicidal activity of Cecropia pachystachya flavonoids: arginase inhibition and altered mitochondrial DNA arrangement

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2013-10-23T17:55:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz, ED Leishmanicidal activity....pdf: 753862 bytes, checksum: c99ee95789e442d656e72a0f4b9edb0c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-10-23T17:55:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz, ED Leishmanicidal activity....pdf: 753862 bytes, checksum: c99ee95789e442d656e72a0f4b9edb0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. São Paulo, SP, BRasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Departamento de Fisiologia. Ribeirão Preto, SP, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos. Pirassununga, SP, BrazilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. São Paulo, SP, BRasilCurso de Farmácia. Unidade de Ensino Superior Ingá. Maringa, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Química. Departamento de Química Orgânica. Salvador, BA, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária. Salvador, BA, BrasilThe plant Cecropia pachystachya Trécul is widely used in Brazilian ethnomedicine to treat hypertension, asthma, and diabetes. Arginase is an enzyme with levels that are elevated in these disorders, and it is central to Leishmania polyamine biosynthesis. The aims of this study were to evaluate antileishmanial activity and inhibition of the arginase enzyme by C. pachystachya extracts, and to study changes in cellular organization using electron microscopy. The ethanol extract of C. pachystachya was tested on Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigote survival/proliferation and arginase activity in vitro. Qualitative ultrastructural analysis was also used to observe changes in cell organization. The major bioactive molecules of the ethanol extract were characterized using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanol extract diminished promastigote axenic growth/survival, inhibited arginase activity, and altered a mitochondrial kinetoplast DNA (K-DNA) array. The bioactive compounds of C. pachystachya were characterized as glucoside flavonoids. Orientin (9) (luteolin-8-C-glucoside) was the main component of the methanol-soluble ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the ethanol extract and is an arginase inhibitor (IC50 15.9 µM). The ethyl acetate fraction was not cytotoxic to splenocytes at a concentration of 200 µg/mL. In conclusion, C. pachystachya contains bioactive compounds that reduce the growth of L. (L.) amazonensis promastigotes, altering mitochondrial K-DNA arrangement and inhibiting arginase