Characteristics of 151 Brazilian Sporothrix schenckii Isolates from 5 Different Geographic Regions of Brazil: A Forgotten and Re-Emergent Pathogen

Abstract: We used RAPD (random amplification of polymorphic DNA) to analyze the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Sporothrix schenckii isolated from five geographic regions of Brazil, from clinical, animal, and environmental sources. Our results yielded a significant difference (P<0.01) in the mean conidial area of S. schenckii animal isolates (2.96 ± 1.07) compared with those of clinical isolates (fixed form, 2.33 ± 0.53; lymphocutaneous form, 2.37 ± 0.43). There was no association among S. schenckii clinical isolates and geographic region. Isolates from the Northeast region exhibited the lowest thermotolerance (% growth inhibition) at 35ºC ( x = 49.23% ± 17.25) and at 37ºC (70.43% ± 10.93%). Northern isolates exhibited the highest thermotolerance at 35ºC (12.82% ± 5.73%) and at 37ºC (23.81% ± 8.27%). RAPD with a 10-mer primer OPD-18 generated 67 PCR fingerprint patterns. The 151 S. schenckii isolates fell into seven major clusters with such great genetic diversity that an association of isolates with clinical forms or geographic areas could not be determined, even with investigations focused on more restricted geographic areas. The main physiological characteristics of Brazilian S. schenckii isolates were also characterized, including osmophilia, halophilia, pH tolerance, urease activity, casein hydrolysis, and gelatinase, proteinase, and DNAase production

Effect adjuvant of synthetic oligonucleotides(CpG-ODN) from P. brasiliensis gp43 gene in the Th2-Th1 immunomodulation of experimental murine paracoccidiodomycosis

BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Análise Proteômica Comparativa De Isolados De P. Brasiliensis E Sua Relação Com A Virulência Fúngica

Paracoccidioidomycosis (Pcm) Is A Systemic Mycosis Commonly Found In Latin America That Is Caused By Two Distinct Species Of Paracoccidioides Genus, Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis Complex (S1, Ps2, Ps3 E Ps4) And Paracoccidioides Lutzii. Its Pathobiology Has Been Recently Explored By Different Approaches To Clarify The Mechanisms Of Host-Pathogen Interactions Underpinning Pcm. The Diversity Of Clinical Forms Of This Disease Has Been Attributed To Both Host- And Fungus-Related Factors. For Better Understanding Of The Molecular Underpinnings Of Host-Fungus Interactions, We Evaluated In Vivo Virulence Of Nine Paracoccidoides Brasiliensis Isolates And Correlated It To Protein Expression Profiles Obtained By Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis. Based On The Recovery Of Viable Fungi From Mouse Organs, The Isolates Were Classified As Those Having Low, Moderate, Or High Virulence. Highly Virulent Isolates Overexpressed Proteins Related To Adhesion Process And Stress Response, Probably Indicating Important Roles Of ThoA Paracoccidioidomicose (Pcm) É Uma Micose Sistêmica Endêmica Na América Latina, Causada Por Espécies Do Gênero Paracoccidioides, Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis E Paracoccidioides Lutzii. A Diversidade De Formas Clínicas Da Pcm Tem Sido Atribuída Tanto A Fatores Relacionados À Resposta Imune Do Hospedeiro Quanto A Fatores Intrínsecos Ao Fungo. Desta Forma, Para Desenvolver Ferramentas Diagnósticas E Terapêuticas É Importante Elucidar Como O Fungo Interage Com O Hospedeiro E Ainda Se A Expressão De Determinadas Proteínas Se Relaciona Com A Virulência Fúngica. Assim, Nós Avaliamos O Perfil De Virulência De Nove Isolados De P. Brasiliensis E Relacionamos A Virulência Fúngica A Expressão Diferencial De Proteínas Por Meio Da Análise Proteômica. Os Isolados De P. Brasiliensis Foram Classificados Em Diferentes Graus De Virulência, Alto, Médio E Baixo, Com Base Na Contagem De Fungos Viáveis Nos Órgãos De Camundongos Balb/ E B10. Isolados Apresentando Alta Virulência Induziram A Expressão De Proteínas Relacionadas À AdDados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2018

Proteomic analysis of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis complex isolates: Correlation of the levels of differentially expressed proteins with in vivo virulence.

BACKGROUND:Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis commonly found in Latin America that is caused by distinct species of Paracoccidioides genus: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis complex (S1, PS2, PS3 and PS4) and Paracoccidioides lutzii. Its pathobiology has been recently explored by different approaches to clarify the mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions underpinning PCM. The diversity of clinical forms of this disease has been attributed to both host- and fungus-related factors. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:For better understanding of the molecular underpinnings of host-fungus interactions, we evaluated in vivo virulence of nine Paracoccidioides brasiliensis complex isolates and correlated it to protein expression profiles obtained by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Based on the recovery of viable fungi from mouse organs, the isolates were classified as those having low, moderate, or high virulence. Highly virulent isolates overexpressed proteins related to adhesion process and stress response, probably indicating important roles of those fungal proteins in regulating the colonization capacity, survival, and ability to escape host immune system reaction. Moreover, highly virulent isolates exhibited enhanced expression of glycolytic pathway enzymes concomitantly with repressed expression of succinyl-CoA ligase beta chain, a protein related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:Our findings may point to the mechanisms used by highly virulent P. brasiliensis isolates to withstand host immune reactions and to adapt to transient iron availability as strategies to survive and overcome stress conditions inside the host