A review of early warning system models

Financial crises have not declined in number, frequency or severity over the last two decades, rather the contrary. Each crisis causes enormous costs in the countries concerned. Thus, international financial institutions invest in researching early warning systems (EWS). The Early Warning System models can be made most useful to help sustain global growth and maintain financial stability, especially in light of the lessons learned from the current and past crises.Early Warning System models, financial crises

Tax competition and brain drain in the European Union members

The paper deals with the brain drain phenomenon (rational minds migration), displayed inside the European Union, in close correlation with European tax competition. Speciality literature from the countries of the European Union deals with great responsibilty the migration process of the specialists, numerous studies being dedicated to this phenomenon. Through the present paper we aim to study this correlation and the evaluation of the implications for the member states of the European Union, by elaborating a model by means of which there are tested the correlations between different variables and the quantification of the taxation effects upon the brain drain phenomenon. The model is an adaptation of the so-called ”Model of the Brain Drain and human capital formation” elaborated by Mountford (1997) by which there are described the different researched variables: brain gain, brain drain, migration competition and tax competition. Obviously, the scenarios may be different from country to country depending on the different values of the two key factors taken into account: migration probability and considerable differences of technological capacity.tax competition, brain drain, migration competition, education

Reliability and Flexibility in the Quality Management of Tourism Products

During its consolidation as an economic science, tourism has formed its own emergent market, characterized by factors with specific action and heterogeneous elements. On this slightly atypical market the quality of tourism products and services tends to become an element of competitive differentiation. Constantly practicing high standard quality services allows obtaining certain notoriety both for the tourism services providers and for the promoted destination. Continuous monitoring and improvement of tourism products quality must base on the correspondence relation between the satisfaction, perception and tourists’ expectancies. Nowadays tourist wants to be offered multiple choices, to discover the tourism offer suitable to satisfy the most diverse preferences. He is not willing to make any concession regarding the quality of the tourist products he is being offered. His discontents are linked, mainly, to poor performance of the staff training activity, to lack of equipment and facilities compared to the ones present in other states of the European Union and to the infrastructure’s precarious state. In order to emphasize the way of perceiving the tourism products quality among tourists who had visited Bukovina, during December the 20th 2008 and January the 20th 2009, we developed a socio-statistic research on a sample of 151 tourists accommodated in the lodge units within Suceava county. The study results emphasized that because of the global economic crisis, the tourism products quality is more frequently perceived as a differentiation element between tourism agencies, and Romanian tourists stress more then ever this detail. This way, touristic product Bukovina, suggests in an accurate manner the overall image of Romanian tourist reported to services quality level of in the national tourism area.tourism services quality, touristic product, touristic reliability, safe tourism, tourism satisfaction

About the US trade deficit and the US “easy money” policy

As the US economy continues to be the largest in the world and – despite the recent troubles – continues to remain the most valuable in terms of competitiveness, the US Dollar is likely to continue to keep its world reserve currency status.In this kind of respect, there are a lot of discussions (most of them contradictory) taking place.trade deficit, monetary policy, financial crisis

SOCIAL INNOVATION - MODERN INSTRUMENT FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF LOCAL COMUNITIES

In present there is a certain perception along free time of the young. Messenger, internet and television are the new recreation and amusement ways that favourises sedentary life, in the detriment of tourism and fresh air walks. The counteract of the phenomenon can be materialized through social innovation principles, concepts that suppose a new vision upon sustainable development of local communities. The elaboration of Suceava city development strategy has to take into account the potential problems of the community. The green spaces that are insufficient and the complete detach of the young from nature can be the strategic points of the new strategy. This work wants to offer possible solutions regarding sedentary life problems of the "Messenger Generation" and the lack of green entertainment areas.social innovation, development strategies, local authorities, Messenger Generation, Active Park

Efficient FPGA Implementation of a CTC Turbo Decoder for WiMAX/LTE Mobile Systems

This chapter describes the implementation on field programmable gate array (FPGA) of a turbo decoder for 3GPP long-term evolution (LTE) standard, respectively, for IEEE 802.16-based WiMAX systems. We initially present the serial decoding architectures for the two systems. The same approach is used; although for WiMAX the scheme implements a duo-binary code, while for LTE a binary code is included. The proposed LTE serial decoding scheme is adapted for parallel transformation. Then, considering the LTE high throughput requirements, a parallel decoding solution is proposed. Considering a parallelization with N = 2p levels, the parallel approach reduces the decoding latency N times versus the serial decoding one. For parallel approach the decoding performance suffers a small degradation, but we propose a solution that almost eliminates this degradation, by performing an overlapped data block split. Moreover, considering the native properties of the LTE quadratic permutation polynomial (QPP) interleaver, we propose a simplified parallel decoder architecture. The novelty of this scheme is that only one interleaver module is used, no matter the value of N, by introducing an even-odd merge sorting network. We propose for it a recursive approach that uses only comparators and subtractors

Some remarks of the recent "quantitative easing" action take by FED

On March 18th 2009, FED has made a move it haven’t done since 1960 (the so-called Operation Trust conceived by the Kennedy administration): it steped into the market in order to buy long term securities for an amount of some 1.25 trillion dollars. FED also announced a program to restart consumer and small businesses lending. FED also said this program could be expanded to include a lot of other financial assets. The key issue here is the money resulting from this quantitative easing action taken by FED has not US economy as main destination, but, throw IMF, US are due to become the main creditor of the world.market, consumer, small businesses, lending

IDENTIFYING THE INDUSTRY BUSINESS CYCLE USING THE MARKOV SWITCHING APPROACH IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

In this article we use a Markov Switching model with two lags to identify and to compare the business cycle in Romania, Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland using data on industrial production for the 1991-2011 period. We use a model with two regimes that reflect the economic expansions and contractions. The Markov Switching models have been widely used in order to detect and to date the business cycle turning points. However, it should be pointed out that the industrial production may have a little bit different dynamics than the quarterly gross domestic product which is the main measure of economic activity. Based on the smoothed regime probabilities the model track three recessionary periods of the Romanian economy in 1991, 1997 and 2009 and two recessionary periods for the other countries in 1991 and 2009. Mean yoy growth of IPI is 5.01% during expansion periods, while it switches to -18.6% during contraction periods for the Romanian economy. In comparison, mean yoy growth of IPI is 7.25% during expansion periods, while it switches to -13.4% during contraction periods for the Poland economy. Furthermore, in Romania, the duration of the three recessions in months was 25, 25 and 9 months. In Poland, the duration of the two recessions was 16 and 10 months. The results of the study may be used in order to compare the business cycle in Central and Eastern European countries with the Euro Area business cycle

The Impact of the Fiscal Competition on The Migration in European Union

The paper deals with the brain drain phenomenon (rational minds migration), displayed inside the European Union, in close correlation with European tax competition. Speciality literature from the countries of the European Union deals with great responsibilty the migration process of the specialists, numerous studies being dedicated to this phenomenon. Through the present paper we aim to study this correlation and the evaluation of the implications for the member states of the European Union, by elaborating a model by means of which there are tested the correlations between different variables and the quantification of the taxation effects upon the brain drain phenomenon. The model is an adaptation of the so-called ”Model of the Brain Drain and human capital formation” elaborated by Mountford (1997) by which there are described the different researched variables: brain gain, brain drain, migration competition and tax competition. Obviously, the scenarios may be different from country to country depending on the different values of the two key factors taken into account: migration probability and considerable differences of technological capacity.brain drain, fiscal competition, emigration competition.