Influencia de la calidad de la grasa dietaria sobre la utilización digestiva y metabólica de la proteína en ratas desecadas

The digestive and metabolic utilization of protein were studied in intact rats and rats from which 50% of the distal small intestine was resected. The source of fat in the diet used was either olive oil or butter. No significant change was noted in the digestive utilization of protein in intact animals given either of the two diets. In resected rats however both sources of lipids produced significant drops in CAD. At the metabolic level removal of the distal half of the intestine led to a decreased retention of Nitrogen, which reached statistical significance in rats which received olive oil. Serum urea levels remained within normal limits, although in resected animals given olive oil these figures were higher, explaining the fall in Nitrogen observed in this group. Serum levels of creatinine likewise remained within normal limits under the different experimental conditions, hence in spite of the lessened retention of Nitrogen, resected rats were able to maintain homeostasis without resorting to muscular protein.Se estudia en ratas intactas y con resección del 50% de intestino delgado distal, la utilización digestiva y metabólica de la proteína. Las dietas utilizadas contienen como fuente lipídica aceite de oliva y mantequilla. La utilización digestiva de la proteína no se modifica significativamente cuando la dieta suministrada contiene aceite de oliva o mantequilla, en animales intactos. En ratas resecadas se produce un descenso significativo del CDA de la proteína con los dos tipos de dietas ensayadas. A nivel metabólico, tras la resección intestinal se observa una menor retención del Nitrógeno que llega a ser significativa en las ratas que consumieron aceite de oliva. Los niveles séricos de urea se mantienen dentro de los márgenes  normales, si bien, en los animales con resección cuya dieta contiene aceite de oliva están incrementados, lo que explica el menor balance de Nitrógeno encontrado en estos animales. Al igual que la urea, la creatina sérica se mantiene en los márgenes normales en las diferentes condiciones experimentales, es decir a pesar de la menor retención de Nitrógeno en las ratas resecadas, éstas mantienen su homeostasis sin recurrir a la proteína muscular

Sustainable Tuna Aquaculture – New Horizons

The SELFDOTT project has complied amply with the proposed objectives, substantiating the results of reproduction of Atlantic bluefin tuna in captivity obtained in the previous project REPRODOTT and laying down the bases for the production of fingerlings of this species and for the development of more efficient feeds respectful of the environment. Even if the advances achieved in the project can be classified as spectacular, there are still many aspects that must be improved, and, therefore, it is concluded that the large-scale commercial production of this species in a profitable manner is not yet developed sufficiently enough to fuel a new aquaculture industry.7 FP European Commissio

Influencia de dos grasas dietarias en ratas resecadas y con implantación de una válvula yeyunal sobre el metabolismo lipídico

Se estudia el efecto de dos dietas con distinta composición lipídica en ratas controles y con resección del 50 % de intestino delgado distal y con implantación de una válvula yeyunal. Las grasas ensayadas son aceite de oliva y mantequilla. La implantación de una válvula yeyunal a pesar de tener los animales una resección intestinal, mejora la utilización digestiva de la grasa e incluso los valores son superiores a los animales controles en el caso del aceite de oliva. A nivel metabólico, los valores de colesterol y triglicéridos séricos descienden significativamente, hecho atribuible a la interrupción de la circulación enterohepática de sales biliares y derivación consecuente de éstos a la formación de las mismas. Los niveles de ácidos grasos séricos no presentan diferencias significativas, y sólo a nivel de palmítico existe un descenso en las ratas alimentadas con aporte graso de mantequilla.The effects of two diets containing a different source of fat were studied in control rats and animals from which 50 % of the distal small intestine was resected followed by implantation of a jejunal valve. The lipid tested were olive oil and butter. In spite of intestinal resection, the jejunal valve improved the digestive utilization of faL In fact, resected and implanted animal s given a diet containing olive oil showed higher values of this parameter than controls. Metabolic studies revealed a significant drop in serum cholesterol and triglycerides. This finding was attributed to the interruption in the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts, a necessary component of both compounds. No significant differences were recorded in serum levels of fatty acids, although a slight drop in palmitic acid levels was observed in rats fed a diet containing butter

“influencia de dos grasas dietarias en ratas resecadas y con implantación de una válvula yeyunal sobre el metabolismo lipídico”

The effects of two diets containing a different source of fat were studied in control rats and animals from which 50 % of the distal small intestine was resected followed by implantation of a jejunal valve. The lipid tested were olive oil and butter. In spite of intestinal resection, the jejunal valve improved the digestive utilization of fat. In fact, resected and implanted animals given a diet containing olive oil showed higher values of this parameter than controls. Metabolic studies revealed a significant drop in serum cholesterol and triglycerides. This finding was attributed to the interruption in the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts, a necessary component of both compounds. No significant differences were recorded in serum levels of fatty acids, although a slight drop in palmitic acid levels was observed in rats fed a diet containing butter.Se estudia el efecto de dos dietas con distinta composición lipídica en ratas controles y con resección del 50 % de intestino delgado distal y con implantación de una válvula yeyunal. Las grasas ensayadas son aceite de oliva y mantequilla. La implantación de una válvula yeyunal a pesar de tener los animales una resección intestinal, mejora la utilización digestiva de la grasa e incluso los valores son superiores a los animales controles en el caso del aceite de oliva. A nivel metabólico, los valores de colesterol y triglicéridos séricos descienden significativamente, hecho atribuible a la interrupción de la circulación enterohepática de sales biliares y derivación consecuente de éstos a la formación de las mismas. Los niveles de ácidos grasos sérico s no presentan diferencias significativas, y sólo a nivel de palmítico existe un descenso en las ratas alimentadas con aporte graso de mantequilla

Influencia de la calidad de la grasa dietaria sobre la utilización digestiva y metabólica de la proteína en ratas desecadas

Se estudia en ratas intactas y con resección del 50% de intestino delgado distal, la utilización digestiva y metabólica de la proteína. Las dietas utilizadas contienen como fuente lipídica aceite de oliva y mantequilla. La utilización digestiva de la proteína no se modifica significativamente cuando la dieta suministrada contiene aceite de oliva o mantequilla, en animales intactos. En ratas resecadas se produce un descenso significativo del CDA de la proteína con los dos tipos de dietas ensayadas. A nivel metabólico, tras la resección intestinal se observa una menor retención del Nitrógeno que llega a ser significativa en las ratas que consumieron aceite de oliva. Los niveles séricos de urea se mantienen dentro de los márgenes normales, si bien, en los animales con resección cuya dieta contiene aceite de oliva están incrementados, lo que explica el menor balance de Nitrógeno encontrado en estos animales. Al igual que la urea, la creatina sérica se mantiene en los márgenes normales en las diferentes condiciones experimentales, es decir a pesar de la menor retención de Nitrógeno en las ratas resecadas, éstas mantienen su homeostasis sin recurrir a la proteína muscular.The digestive and metabolic utilization of protein were studied in intact rats and rats from which 50% of the distal small intestine was resected. The source of fat in the diet used was either olive oil or butter. No significant change was noted in the digestive utilization of protein in intact animals given either of the two diets. In resected rats however both sources of lipids produced significant drops in CAD. At the metabolic level removal of the distal half of the intestine led to a decreased retention of Nitrogen, which reached statistical significance in rats which received olive oil. Serum urea levels remained within normal limits, alt hough in resected animals given olive oil these figures were higher, explaining the fall in Nitrogen observed in this group. Serum levels of creatinine likewise remained within normal limits under the different experimental conditions, hence in spite of the lessened retention of Nitrogen, resected rats were able to maintain homeostasis without resorting to muscular protein

Green tea increases anti-inflammatory tristetraprolin and decreases pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor mRNA levels in rats

BACKGROUND: Tristetraprolin (TTP/ZFP36) family proteins have anti-inflammatory activity by binding to and destabilizing pro-inflammatory mRNAs such as Tnf mRNA, and represent a potential therapeutic target for inflammation-related diseases. Tea has anti-inflammatory properties but the molecular mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. We hypothesized that TTP and/or its homologues might contribute to the beneficial effects of tea as an anti-inflammatory product. METHODS: Quantitative real-time PCR was used to investigate the effects of green tea (0, 1, and 2 g solid extract/kg diet) on the expression of Ttp family genes (Ttp/Tis11/Zfp36, Zfp36l1/Tis11b, Zfp36l2/Tis11d, Zfp36l3), pro-inflammatory genes (Tnf, Csf2/Gm-csf, Ptgs2/Cox2), and Elavl1/Hua/Hur and Vegf genes in liver and muscle of rats fed a high-fructose diet known to induce insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and TNF-alpha levels. RESULTS: Ttp and Zfp36l1 mRNAs were the major forms in both liver and skeletal muscle. Ttp, Zfp36l1, and Zfp36l2 mRNA levels were more abundant in the liver than those in the muscle. Csf2/Gm-csf and Zfp36l3 mRNAs were undetectable in both tissues. Tea (1 g solid extract/kg diet) increased Ttp mRNA levels by 50–140% but Tnf mRNA levels decreased by 30% in both tissues, and Ptgs2/Cox2 mRNA levels decreased by 40% in the muscle. Tea (2 g solid extract/kg diet) increased Elavl1/Hua/Hur mRNA levels by 40% in the liver but did not affect any of the other mRNA levels in liver or muscle. CONCLUSION: These results show that tea can modulate Ttp mRNA levels in animals and suggest that a post-transcriptional mechanism through TTP could partially account for tea's anti-inflammatory properties. The results also suggest that drinking adequate amounts of green tea may play a role in the prevention of inflammation-related diseases