12,584 research outputs found
Fermion masses in a model for spontaneous parity breaking
In this paper we discuss a left-right symmetric model for elementary
particles and their connection with the mass spectrum of elementary fermions.
The model is based on the group . New
mirror fermions and a minimal set of Higgs particles that breaks the symmetry
down to are proposed. The model can accommodate a consistent
pattern for charged and neutral fermion masses as well as neutrino
oscillations. An important consequence of the model is that the connection
between the left and right sectors can be done by the neutral vector gauge
bosons Z and a new heavy Z'.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Eur. Phys. J.
Top quark forward-backward asymmetry from the model
The forward-backward asymmetry in top quark pair production,
measured at the Tevatron, is probably related to the contribution of new
particles. The Tevatron result is more than a deviation from the
standard model prediction and motivates the application of alternative models
introducing new states.
However, as the standard model predictions for the total cross section
and invariant mass distribution for this process are in
good agreement with experiments, any alternative model must reproduce these
predictions. These models can be placed into two categories: One introduces the
s-channel exchange of new vector bosons with chiral couplings to the light
quarks and to the top quark and another relies on the t-channel exchange of
particles with large flavor-violating couplings in the quark sector. In this
work we employ a model which introduces both s- and t-channel nonstandard
contributions for the top quark pair production in proton antiproton
collisions. We use the minimal version of the model (3-3-1 model) that predicts the existence of a new neutral gauge
boson, called . This gauge boson has both flavor-changing couplings
to up and top quarks and chiral coupling to the light quarks and to the top
quark. This very peculiar model coupling can correct the for top quark
pair production for two ranges of mass while leading to cross
section and invariant mass distribution quite similar to the standard model
ones. This result reinforces the role of the 3-3-1 model for any new physics
effect.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 table
Dirac's hole theory versus quantum field theory
Dirac's hole theory and quantum field theory are usually considered
equivalent to each other. For models of a certain type, however, the
equivalence may not hold as we discuss in this Letter. This problem is closely
related to the validity of the Pauli principle in intermediate states of
perturbation theory.Comment: No figure
Si(111) strained layers on Ge(111): evidence for c(2x4) domains
The tensile strained Si(111) layers grown on top of Ge(111) substrates are
studied by combining scanning tunneling microscopy, low energy electron
diffraction and first-principles calculations. It is shown that the layers
exhibit c(2x4) domains, which are separated by domain walls along
directions. A model structure for the c(2x4) domains is proposed, which shows
low formation energy and good agreement with the experimental data. The results
of our calculations suggest that Ge atoms are likely to replace Si atoms with
dangling bonds on the surface (rest-atoms and adatoms), thus significantly
lowering the surface energy and inducing the formation of domain walls. The
experiments and calculations demonstrate that when surface strain changes from
compressive to tensile, the (111) reconstruction converts from
dimer-adatom-stacking fault-based to adatom-based structures
Dynamical complexity of discrete time regulatory networks
Genetic regulatory networks are usually modeled by systems of coupled
differential equations and by finite state models, better known as logical
networks, are also used. In this paper we consider a class of models of
regulatory networks which present both discrete and continuous aspects. Our
models consist of a network of units, whose states are quantified by a
continuous real variable. The state of each unit in the network evolves
according to a contractive transformation chosen from a finite collection of
possible transformations, according to a rule which depends on the state of the
neighboring units. As a first approximation to the complete description of the
dynamics of this networks we focus on a global characteristic, the dynamical
complexity, related to the proliferation of distinguishable temporal behaviors.
In this work we give explicit conditions under which explicit relations between
the topological structure of the regulatory network, and the growth rate of the
dynamical complexity can be established. We illustrate our results by means of
some biologically motivated examples.Comment: 28 pages, 4 figure
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