977 research outputs found
Hierarchical clustering and the baryon distribution in galaxy clusters
The baryon fraction of galaxy clusters in numerical simulations is found to
be dependant on the cluster formation method. In all cases, the gas is
anti-biased compared with the dark matter. However, clusters formed
hierarchically are found to be more depleted in baryons than clusters formed
non-hierarchically. There is a depletion of 10 to 15% for hierarchically formed
clusters while the depletion is less than 10% for those clusters formed
non-hierarchically. This difference is dependent on the mass of the clusters.
The mean baryon enrichment profile for the hierarchically formed clusters shows
an appreciable baryon enhancement around the virial radius not seen in the
clusters formed without substructure. If this phenomenon applies to real
clusters, it implies that determinations of the baryon fractions in clusters of
galaxies require data extending beyond the virial radius of the clusters in
order to achieve an unbiased value.Comment: 13 pages including 2 tables and 2 figures. Submitted to MNRA
The Positive Feedback of Pop III Objects on Galaxy Formation
We study the formation of molecular hydrogen in cooling gas behind shocks
produced during the blow-away process thought to occur in the first collapsed,
luminous (Pop III) objects in the early universe. We find that for a wide range
of physical parameters the fraction is . The
mass produced in such explosions can exceed the amount of relic
destroyed inside the photodissociation region surrounding a given Pop III. We
conclude that these first objects, differently from the suggestion of Haiman et
al 1997, might have a net positive feedback on subsequent galactic formation.
We discuss the effects of radiation and the implications of our results for the
soft-UV background.Comment: 16 pages, aasms4.sty, LaTeX, 2 figures. submitted to ApJ Letter
Hydra: An Adaptive--Mesh Implementation of PPPM--SPH
We present an implementation of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) in an
adaptive-mesh PPPM algorithm. The code evolves a mixture of purely
gravitational particles and gas particles. The code retains the desirable
properties of previous PPPM--SPH implementations; speed under light clustering,
naturally periodic boundary conditions and accurate pairwise forces. Under
heavy clustering the cycle time of the new code is only 2--3 times slower than
for a uniform particle distribution, overcoming the principal disadvantage of
previous implementations\dash a dramatic loss of efficiency as clustering
develops. A 1000 step simulation with 65,536 particles (half dark, half gas)
runs in one day on a Sun Sparc10 workstation. The choice of time integration
scheme is investigated in detail. A simple single-step Predictor--Corrector
type integrator is most efficient. A method for generating an initial
distribution of particles by allowing a a uniform temperature gas of SPH
particles to relax within a periodic box is presented. The average SPH density
that results varies by \%. We present a modified form of the
Layzer--Irvine equation which includes the thermal contribution of the gas
together with radiative cooling. Tests of sound waves, shocks, spherical infall
and collapse are presented. Appropriate timestep constraints sufficient to
ensure both energy and entropy conservation are discussed. A cluster
simulation, repeating Thomas andComment: 29 pp, uuencoded Postscrip
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