Development, implementation, and dissemination of operational innovations across the trial innovation network

Improving the quality and conduct of multi-center clinical trials is essential to the generation of generalizable knowledge about the safety and efficacy of healthcare treatments. Despite significant effort and expense, many clinical trials are unsuccessful. The National Center for Advancing Translational Science launched the Trial Innovation Network to address critical roadblocks in multi-center trials by leveraging existing infrastructure and developing operational innovations. We provide an overview of the roadblocks that led to opportunities for operational innovation, our work to develop, define, and map innovations across the network, and how we implemented and disseminated mature innovations

Measurement of the proton structure function F-2 and sigma(gamma*p)(tot) at low Q(2) and very low x at HERA

A small electromagnetic sampling calorimeter, installed in the ZEUS experiment in 1995, significantly enhanced the acceptance for very low x and low Q^2 inelastic neutral current scattering, e^{+}p \to e^{+}X, at HERA. A measurement of the proton structure function F_2 and the total virtual photon-proton (\gamma^*p) cross-section is presented for 0.11 \le Q^{2} \le 0.65 GeV^2 and 2 \times 10^{-6} \le x \le 6 \times 10^{-5}, corresponding to a range in the \gamma^{*}p c.m. energy of 100 \le W \le 230 GeV. Comparisons with various models are also presented.Comment: 18 pages including 4 figure

A Search for excited fermions in e+ p collisions at HERA

Using the ZEUS detector at HERA, we have searched for heavy excited states of electrons, neutrinos, and quarks in $e^+p$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 300~GeV. With an integrated luminosity of 9.4~pb$^{-1}$, no evidence was found for electroweak production and decay of such states. Limits on the production cross section times branching ratio and on the characteristic couplings, $f/\Lambda$, are derived for masses up to 250~GeV. For the particular choice $f/\Lambda = 1/M_{f^*}$, we exclude at the 95% confidence level excited electrons with mass between 30 and 200~GeV, excited electron neutrinos with mass between 40 and 96~GeV, and quarks excited electroweakly with mass between 40 and 169~GeV.Comment: 39 pages including 11 figure