34,806 research outputs found
Testing a Simplified Version of Einstein's Equations for Numerical Relativity
Solving dynamical problems in general relativity requires the full machinery
of numerical relativity. Wilson has proposed a simpler but approximate scheme
for systems near equilibrium, like binary neutron stars. We test the scheme on
isolated, rapidly rotating, relativistic stars. Since these objects are in
equilibrium, it is crucial that the approximation work well if we are to
believe its predictions for more complicated systems like binaries. Our results
are very encouraging.Comment: 9 pages (RevTeX 3.0 with 6 uuencoded figures), CRSR-107
Substructure Discovery Using Minimum Description Length and Background Knowledge
The ability to identify interesting and repetitive substructures is an
essential component to discovering knowledge in structural data. We describe a
new version of our SUBDUE substructure discovery system based on the minimum
description length principle. The SUBDUE system discovers substructures that
compress the original data and represent structural concepts in the data. By
replacing previously-discovered substructures in the data, multiple passes of
SUBDUE produce a hierarchical description of the structural regularities in the
data. SUBDUE uses a computationally-bounded inexact graph match that identifies
similar, but not identical, instances of a substructure and finds an
approximate measure of closeness of two substructures when under computational
constraints. In addition to the minimum description length principle, other
background knowledge can be used by SUBDUE to guide the search towards more
appropriate substructures. Experiments in a variety of domains demonstrate
SUBDUE's ability to find substructures capable of compressing the original data
and to discover structural concepts important to the domain. Description of
Online Appendix: This is a compressed tar file containing the SUBDUE discovery
system, written in C. The program accepts as input databases represented in
graph form, and will output discovered substructures with their corresponding
value.Comment: See http://www.jair.org/ for an online appendix and other files
accompanying this articl
Quasi-circular Orbits for Spinning Binary Black Holes
Using an effective potential method we examine binary black holes where the
individual holes carry spin. We trace out sequences of quasi-circular orbits
and locate the innermost stable circular orbit as a function of spin. At large
separations, the sequences of quasi-circular orbits match well with
post-Newtonian expansions, although a clear signature of the simplifying
assumption of conformal flatness is seen. The position of the ISCO is found to
be strongly dependent on the magnitude of the spin on each black hole. At close
separations of the holes, the effective potential method breaks down. In all
cases where an ISCO could be determined, we found that an apparent horizon
encompassing both holes forms for separations well inside the ISCO.
Nevertheless, we argue that the formation of a common horizon is still
associated with the breakdown of the effective potential method.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PR
Optimizing evacuation flow in a two-channel exclusion process
We use a basic setup of two coupled exclusion processes to model a stylised
situation in evacuation dynamics, in which evacuees have to choose between two
escape routes. The coupling between the two processes occurs through one common
point at which particles are injected, the process can be controlled by
directing incoming individuals into either of the two escape routes. Based on a
mean-field approach we determine the phase behaviour of the model, and
analytically compute optimal control strategies, maximising the total current
through the system. Results are confirmed by numerical simulations. We also
show that dynamic intervention, exploiting fluctuations about the mean-field
stationary state, can lead to a further increase in total current.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
Relativistic stars in differential rotation: bounds on the dragging rate and on the rotational energy
For general relativistic equilibrium stellar models (stationary axisymmetric
asymptotically flat and convection-free) with differential rotation, it is
shown that for a wide class of rotation laws the distribution of angular
velocity of the fluid has a sign, say "positive", and then both the dragging
rate and the angular momentum density are positive. In addition, the "mean
value" (with respect to an intrinsic density) of the dragging rate is shown to
be less than the mean value of the fluid angular velocity (in full general,
without having to restrict the rotation law, nor the uniformity in sign of the
fluid angular velocity); this inequality yields the positivity and an upper
bound of the total rotational energy.Comment: 23 pages, no figures, LaTeX. Submitted to J. Math. Phy
Quasi-equilibrium binary black hole sequences for puncture data derived from helical Killing vector conditions
We construct a sequence of binary black hole puncture data derived under the
assumptions (i) that the ADM mass of each puncture as measured in the
asymptotically flat space at the puncture stays constant along the sequence,
and (ii) that the orbits along the sequence are quasi-circular in the sense
that several necessary conditions for the existence of a helical Killing vector
are satisfied. These conditions are equality of ADM and Komar mass at infinity
and equality of the ADM and a rescaled Komar mass at each puncture. In this
paper we explicitly give results for the case of an equal mass black hole
binary without spin, but our approach can also be applied in the general case.
We find that up to numerical accuracy the apparent horizon mass also remains
constant along the sequence and that the prediction for the innermost stable
circular orbit is similar to what has been found with the effective potential
method.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Collisions of boosted black holes: perturbation theory prediction of gravitational radiation
We consider general relativistic Cauchy data representing two nonspinning,
equal-mass black holes boosted toward each other. When the black holes are
close enough to each other and their momentum is sufficiently high, an
encompassing apparent horizon is present so the system can be viewed as a
single, perturbed black hole. We employ gauge-invariant perturbation theory,
and integrate the Zerilli equation to analyze these time-asymmetric data sets
and compute gravitational wave forms and emitted energies. When coupled with a
simple Newtonian analysis of the infall trajectory, we find striking agreement
between the perturbation calculation of emitted energies and the results of
fully general relativistic numerical simulations of time-symmetric initial
data.Comment: 5 pages (RevTex 3.0 with 3 uuencoded figures), CRSR-107
Exotic Meson Decay Widths using Lattice QCD
A decay width calculation for a hybrid exotic meson h, with JPC=1-+, is
presented for the channel h->pi+a1. This quenched lattice QCD simulation
employs Luescher's finite box method. Operators coupling to the h and pi+a1
states are used at various levels of smearing and fuzzing, and at four quark
masses. Eigenvalues of the corresponding correlation matrices yield energy
spectra that determine scattering phase shifts for a discrete set of relative
pi+a1 momenta. Although the phase shift data is sparse, fits to a Breit-Wigner
model are attempted, resulting in a decay width of about 60 MeV when averaged
over two lattice sizes.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, RevTex4, minor change to Fig.
Design and development of a water vapor electrolysis unit
Design and development of water vapor electrolysis unit for oxygen productio
Power spectra of TASEPs with a localized slow site
The totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) with a localized
defect is revisited in this article with attention paid to the power spectra of
the particle occupancy N(t). Intrigued by the oscillatory behaviors in the
power spectra of an ordinary TASEP in high/low density phase(HD/LD) observed by
Adams et al. (2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 020601), we introduce a single slow site
with hopping rate q<1 to the system. As the power spectrum contains
time-correlation information of the particle occupancy of the system, we are
particularly interested in how the defect affects fluctuation in particle
number of the left and right subsystems as well as that of the entire system.
Exploiting Monte Carlo simulations, we observe the disappearance of
oscillations when the defect is located at the center of the system. When the
defect is off center, oscillations are restored. To explore the origin of such
phenomenon, we use a linearized Langevin equation to calculate the power
spectrum for the sublattices and the whole lattice. We provide insights into
the interactions between the sublattices coupled through the defect site for
both simulation and analytical results.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures; v2: Minor revision
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