Particularităţi psihonevrotice ale pacienţilor cu tuberculoză

Tuberculoza poate fi însoţită de dereglări psihonevrotice, apariţia cărora depinde de mai multe cauze: reacţii psihogene, apărute la afl area diagnozei de tuberculoză; prezenţa neajunsurilor fi zice sau cosmetice provocate de tuberculoză; dereglările psihoneurologice ca consecinţă a tratamentului specifi c antibacterian. În caz de administrare a tratamentului specifi c, tuberculoza se tratează; în caz contrar poate fi o maladie fatală pentru ½ cazuri

Обеспечение страхования медицинского малпраксиса - неизбежная перспектива для Республики Молдова

Summary. The critical reforms, launched and successfully applied in the health system with the purpose of strengthening and adjusting it to European Quality Standards, initiated the system’s development. Lately the world community faced critics and objections related to the quality of health services provided to the population. At the same time grew the populations interrest towards the quality of health services included in the health policy or for remuneration. This increased the number of medical claims staff and the number of forensic expertise concerning doctors medical activity. A malpactice law would cover the current legal gap by defining the amendability for persons that work within the health system. In Republic of Moldova has the technical basis on which local legislation can develop a legal system concerning medical malpractice insurance. Our legislators should become aware of the stringent and inevitable necessity to introduce the responsability for errors professional negligence of the medical staff in the health system.Резюме. В последние годы значительно вырос интерес пациентов к качеству медицинских услуг. Cоответственно выросло и число обращений в компетентные органы по поводу привлечения медицинских работников к ответственности за допущенные ошибки. Цель данной работы - это анализ необходимости внедрения закона о гражданской отвентственности медицинского персонала и, соответственно, страхования от малпраксиса в Р. Молдова

APPROACHING DEPRESSION IN FAMILY DOCTOR PRACTICE

Depression is a common condition, especially among people suffering from chronic diseases. Some people with depression do not realize that they suffer from this condition and therefore do not seek professional help. The family doctor is the first to come in contact with these patients, and he is the one who monitors their progress. The attitude of the family doctor to depression can influence both the attitude of the patient to depression and his attitude toward treament

Грипп, острые респираторные вирусные инфекции (ОРВИ) и тяжёлые острые респираторные инфекции (ТОРИ) в Республике Молдова в 2013- 2014 сезоне: меры контроля и ответа

Centrul Național de Sănătate Publică, Chișinău, Conferința științifico-practică cu participare internațională Centrul de Sănătate Publică din municipiul Chișinău – 70 de ani la straja sănătăţii 23 octombrie 2014This paper contains the results of influenza, ARVI and SARI epidemiological and virological weekly monitoring in 20132014 epidemic season. It was established that influenza had regional and local geographical spread, low intensity of epidemic process, and low impact on public health. Influenza affected mostly children and has been caused mainly by influenza virus A(H3N2). Influenza morbidity in 2013-2014 season decreased 4.76 times than in 2012-2013 season. During November 2013 – January 2014 against influenza were vaccinated 160 000 people from high risk groups, thus contributing to significantly reduce of influenza morbidity in the nominated season. AVRI morbidity level deceased 1.1 times compared to the previous season. SARI morbidity 2013-2014 season increased 1.15 times than in 2012-2013 seasonПредставлены результаты еженедельного клиникоэпидемиологического и вирусологического надзора за гриппом, ОРВИ и ТОРИ в эпидемическом сезоне 201320144 гг. Установлено, что грипп имел региональное и локальное распространение с низкой интенсивностью эпидемического процесса и низким воздействием на общественное здоровье. Грипп регистрировался в основном у детей и вызван преимущественно вирусом гриппа A(H3N2). Уровень заболеваемости гриппом в 2013-2014 сезоне снизился в 4,76 раза по сравнению с предыдущим сезоном. В период с ноября 2013 г. по январь 2014 г. против гриппа было вакцинировано 160 000 лиц из группы повышенного риска заражения, что способствовало значительному снижению уровня заболеваемости гриппом в 2013-2014 сезоне. Уровень заболеваемости ОРВИ в эпидемическом сезоне 2013-2014 гг. снизился в 1,1 раза по сравнению с предыдущим сезоном. Уровень заболеваемости ТОРИ в 2013-2014 сезоне вырос в 1,15 раза по сравнению с предыдущим сезоном

Severe acute respiratory infections associated with influenza in children under the sentinel surveillance system in Republic of Moldova

Departamentul de pediatrie, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Centrul Naţional de Sănătate Publică, Chișinău, Republica Moldova, Biroul Regional Moldova al OMSIntroducere. Patologia respiratorie acută are cea mai înaltă incidență la copii, cea mai vulnerabilă vârstă cea de până la 5 ani. Cazurile clinice de maximă dificultate sunt infecţiile respiratorii acute severe (SARI), manifestate prin pneumonii și bronhopneumonii, și care sunt asociate cu gripa. Material și metode. Metoda esenţială folosită – supravegherea santinelă epidemiologică; tehnici de biologie moleculară în timp real (rRT-PCR) în detectarea virusurilor în materialul biologic (exsudate nazo-faringiene) la copii; izolarea virusurilor gripale pe culturi de celule MDCK și MDCK-SIAT1 după metodologia OMS; identificarea, prin testul de hemaglutinoinhibare cu antiseruri de referință pentru virusurile gripale A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) și B, oferite de Centrul de Colaborare al OMS, Institutul National de Cercetări în Medicină (Londra, Marea Britanie). Rezultate. SARI asociate cu gripa amenință sănătatea și viața copiilor; unui risc major sunt supuși copiii cu vârsta de 0-4 ani. Tulpinile de virusuri gripale A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) și B izolate de la copiii cu SARI, sunt similare cu tulpinile respective, incluse în formula vaccinului antigripal, recomandat de Organizația Mondială a Sănătății (OMS) pentru sezoanele analizate în acest studiu. Concluzii. Identificarea și evaluarea proprietăților fenotipice, genotipice și antigenice ale virusurilor gripale au o importanță majoră în contextul corectitudinii politicii de utilizare a vaccinului antigripal în imunizarea sezonieră obligatorie a copiilor, optimizării managementului și profilaxiei gripei, inclusiv, în asociere cu SARI, pronosticării procesului epidemic, precum și reducerii impactului negativ asupra sistemului de sănătate.Introduction. Acute respiratory pathology has the highest incidence in children, the most vulnerable are still those aged up to 5 years. Extremely difficult are the clinical cases with se vere acute respiratory infections (SARI), manifested by pneumonia and bronchopneumonia associated with influenza. Material and methods. Essential method used is the sentinel epidemiological surveillance; molecular biology techniques in real time (rRT-PCR) to detect viruses in biological material (nasopharyngeal exudates); isolation of influenza viruses in cell cultures MDCK and MDCK-SIAT1 after WHO methodology; identification by the hemagglutination inhibition test with reference antisera for influenza A(H1N1) pdm09, A(H3N2) and B, provided by the WHO Collaborating Centre, National Institute of Health Researches (London, UK). Results. SARI associated with influenza, threatens the health and lives of children, with a major risk are faced the children aged 0-4 years. Strains of influenza virus A(H1N1) pdm09, A(H3N2) and B, isolates from children with SARI, are similar to the respectively strains included in the influenza vaccine formula recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the seasons analyzed in this study. Conclusions. The obtained results shows, that the identification and evaluation of phenotypic, genotypic and antigenic properties of the influenza viruses, have a major importance, in the context of fairness policy, for the use of influenza vaccine in compulsory seasonal immunization of the children, optimizing the management of treatment and prophylaxis of influenza, including in combination with SARI, foreseeing epidemic process and reducing the negatively impact on the health system

Software applications for the use of aerial images in precision agriculture

Precision agriculture represents a new branch developed due to the new technologies, which represents, for most farmers, a challenge in their use in order to obtain improved productions from year to year, and the conservation of the potential of agricultural lands. Determining the problems of agricultural crops, was done recently through field inspections, which requires a great deal of time. The emergence of drones, dedicated applications for using the results obtained with the help of drones and other new technologies, such as multi-spectral satellite imagery, opens a new perspective for farmers, which allows them to obtain better results in the field of crops but also the conservation of agricultural land. The use of drones and the applications dedicated to the processing of the data obtained with them, will allow to increase the efficiency of the farms and also to conserve the potential of agricultural lands. It will be possible to determine precisely the areas in which to intervene in case of drought / excess humidity, deficiency / excess of nutrients. Also, yeld maps can be made that will highlight the distribution and density of the plants on the surface, the number of berries / fruits, etc. Early detection of weeds, fungi and other pests in crops, to prevent their spread as well as various diseases. At present, more and more farmers are convinced of the efficiency of drone application and precision agriculture applications. In addition to these solutions, farmers also need machines dedicated to the application of the results obtained with these technologies (agricultural equipment equipped with GPS, sensors for various climatic and soil parameters, variable nozzles for seeders and fertilizers, motion / rotation sensors, counters, etc.)

Вирусологический мониторинг, антигенная и филогенетическая характеристика штаммов гриппа, выделенных в постпандемический период

Centrul Naţional de Sănătate PublicăРезюме. Непрерывный мониторинг заболеваемости гриппом элементами клинико-эпидемиологического и вирусологического надзора позволяет контролировать эпидемиологическую ситуацию в стране. Таким образом, мониторинг вирусных штаммов гриппа в постпандемический период (эпидемический сезон 2010-2011 гг.) выявил циркуляцию вирусов гриппа типа А с подтипами H1N1, H3N2 и вирусов типа В. Кроме того, были проведены антигенный анализ, секвенирование и филогенетический анализ части положительных проб.Summary. Continuous monitoring of influenza morbidity by clinical-epidemiological and virological surveillance elements allows to control the epidemiological situation în the country. Thus, monitoring of influenza viral strains in the postpandemic period (epidemic season 2010-2011) has shown the circulation of influenza type A viruses with H1N1, H3N2 subtypes and type B viruses. Also, were carried out antigenic, sequence and phylogenetic analyses of part of the positive samples

Sonosensitive cavitation nuclei-a customisable platform technology for enhanced therapeutic delivery

Ultrasound-mediated cavitation shows great promise for improving targeted drug delivery across a range of clinical applications. Cavitation nuclei-sound-sensitive constructs that enhance cavitation activity at lower pressures-have become a powerful adjuvant to ultrasound-based treatments, and more recently emerged as a drug delivery vehicle in their own right. The unique combination of physical, biological, and chemical effects that occur around these structures, as well as their varied compositions and morphologies, make cavitation nuclei an attractive platform for creating delivery systems tuned to particular therapeutics. In this review, we describe the structure and function of cavitation nuclei, approaches to their functionalization and customization, various clinical applications, progress toward real-world translation, and future directions for the field

The metabolic status of goats from Târnava Farm, Sibiu County

Târnava farm is located in Sibiu County, 12 km from the town of Mediaș and in 2017 owns 450 goats (740 goats in 2016, 420 in 2015). The farm is based on a reproductive core of different goat breeds: Saanen, French Alpine, Carpathian, cross bred Boer goats, both domestic and acclimated breeds. In establishing the metabolic status of these goats, we took blood samples from 10 2-year-old lactating goats, representing each breed. For each breed we averaged the values obtained and used as reference values the values provided by the equipment manufacturer; the samples were processed in the Laboratory of the Internal Medicine Department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest. From the research we carried out, what we found metabolically in all the goat breeds on the farm was: normal proteic profile and lipid metabolism, normal enzymatic profile except for an increased alkaline phosphatase; hyperbilirubinemia; creatinemia and normal urea levels. As for the alkaline phosphatase – the orthophosphoric-monoester-phosphohydrolase has three isoenzymes: hepatic, bone, intestinal and during gestation, there is also a placental form. The hepatic alkaline phosphatase, which has major implications in veterinary pathology, plays a role in transport at the biliary and sinusoidal poles of the hepatocyte; in our research we observed that the hepato-biliary alkaline phosphatase is increased and accompanied by hyperbilirubinemia. Small non-specific increases may also occur in heart failure, possibly through intrahepatic biliary duct obstruction, all of which are difficult to follow pathological phenomena in veterinary medicine, so we can discuss about hepato-biliary dysfunction in the goats in this farm. The largest increase in alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin was registered in the Saanen breed, more pronounced in males than in females, followed by the French Alpine breed, while in the Carpathian the growth is moderate. We consider that this is a problem of functional adaptation in these imported breeds, one of the aspects observed during our research, constituting a part of a complex metabolic adaptation syndrome of imported goat breeds

Меры контроля и ответа в системе эпидемиологического и вирусологического надзора за гриппом, острыми респираторными вирусными инфекциями (ОРВИ) и тяжёлыми острыми респираторными инфекциями (ТОРИ) в Республике Молдова

Centrul Naţional de Sanătate PublicăThis paper contains the results of influenza, ARI and SARI epidemiological and virological weekly monitoring in 2014-2015 epidemic season. It was established that influenza activity was widespread, medium intensity of epidemic process, and moderate impact on public health. Influenza affected mostly people aged 15 – ≥ 65 years, causing 21 deaths and attesting the co-dominant circulation of type B and A(H1N1) pdm influenza viruses, influenza A(H3N2) virus and the presence of co-infections with influenza A(H1N1) pdm + B. Influenza morbidity in 2014-2015 season increased 3.8 times than in 2013-2014 season. During the November 2014 – January 2015 was achieved influenza vaccination campaign using 150 000 doses for immunization of persons from high risk groups. ARI morbidity level increased 1.2 times compared to the previous season. SARI morbidity in 2014-2015 season increased 1.1 times than in 2013-2014 season.Представлены результаты еженедельного эпидемиологического и вирусологического надзора за гриппом, ОРВИ и ТОРИ в эпидемическом сезоне 2014-2015 гг. Установлено, что грипп имел широкое распространение со средней интенсивностью эпидемического процесса и умеренным воздействием на систему здравоохранения. Грипп регистрировался в основном у людей в возрасте 15 – ≥ 65 лет, в том числе 21 случай со смертельным исходом. Была выявлена кодоминирующая циркуляция вирусов гриппа В и А(H1N1) pdm, вируса гриппа A(H3N2) и наличие сопутствующих инфекций с вирусами гриппа А(H1N1) pdm + В. Уровень заболеваемости гриппом в 2014-2015 сезоне повысился в 3,8 раза по сравнению с предыдущим сезоном. В период с ноября 2014 г. по январь 2015 г. была проведена кампания по вакцинации против гриппа с использованием 150 000 доз для иммунизации лиц из группы повышенного риска заражения. Уровень заболеваемости ОРВИ в эпидемическом сезоне 2014-2015 гг. повысился в 1,2 раза, а уровень заболеваемости ТОРИ – в 1,1 раза по сравнению с предыдущим сезоном (2013-2014 гг.)