Leucaena establishment on frontage country in the Queensland Gulf

Introduction and successful establishment of leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) has the potential to improve annual liveweight gains (LWGs) of grazing cattle in northern Australia, sustainably increase gross margins and mitigate methane production (Harrison et al. 2015). However, leucaena adoption in northern Queensland to date has been low (<2,500 ha established) compared with other regions of the State

The Grizzly, February 21, 1986

It\u27s Bid Day!: Three Weeks of Frat Pledging get Underway • Suite Living in Reimert • Unique Paper Sculptures get Positive Reactions • Intra-Mural Season Opens • Demerits, Profanity, Attack on Deans Mark Alcohol Policing in the Past • Disease, Dissent, Dissemblance: Mills of Bureaucracy Grind Exceeding Slow, But Grind Old Folks Exceeding Fine • U.C. Hosts MAC Wrestling Tourney • Men\u27s Track: Strong MAC Lineup • Gym Women get Trimmed • Missing Refs, Fan Riot: The Best Game Ever ? • SAC Funds Available • Women\u27s Studies Surveyhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1158/thumbnail.jp

Umbilical cord interleukin-6 predicts outcome in very low birthweight infants in a high HIV-burden setting: a prospective cohort study

Objectives South Africa has a double burden of high neonatal mortality and maternal HIV prevalence. Common to both is a proinflammatory in utero and perinatal milieu. The aim of this study was to determine cytokine profiles in HIV exposed (HE) and HIV unexposed (HU) very low birthweight (VLBW) infants and to determine whether these were associated with predischarge outcomes. Design Single-centre, prospective cohort study conducted from 1 June 2017 to 31 January 2019. Patients Inborn infants with birth weight of <1500 g were enrolled and cord blood was collected for interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) assays. Participants provided informed consent and ethics approval was obtained. Outcome measures The primary outcome was umbilical cord cytokine levels according to maternal HIV status. Secondary outcomes included death and/or serious neonatal infection, necrotising enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage, periventricular leucomalacia, chronic lung disease and haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus before discharge. Results A total of 279 cases were included with 269 cytokine assays performed on 122 HEs and 147 HUs. Median IL-6 levels were 53.0 pg/mL in HEs and 21.0 pg/ mL in HUs (p=0.07). Median TNF-α levels were 7.2 pg/ mL in HEs and 6.5 pg/mL in HUs (p=0.6). There was significantly more late-onset sepsis in the HE group compared with the HU group (41.2% vs 27.9%) (p=0.03). IL-6 levels were significantly higher for those with any adverse outcome (p=0.006) and death and/or any adverse outcome (p=0.0001). TNF-α levels did not differ according to predischarge outcomes. Conclusion There is no significant difference in IL-6 and TNF-α levels in cord blood of HE compared with HU VLBWs. However, IL-6 levels are significantly higher in VLBWs with adverse predischarge outcomes, and VLBW HEs are at increased risk of adverse predischarge outcomes compared with HUs, particularly late-onset sepsis

Umbilical cord interleukin-6 predicts outcome in very low birthweight infants in a high HIV-burden setting: a prospective cohort study

Objectives South Africa has a double burden of high neonatal mortality and maternal HIV prevalence. Common to both is a proinflammatory in utero and perinatal milieu. The aim of this study was to determine cytokine profiles in HIV exposed (HE) and HIV unexposed (HU) very low birthweight (VLBW) infants and to determine whether these were associated with predischarge outcomes. Design Single-centre, prospective cohort study conducted from 1 June 2017 to 31 January 2019. Patients Inborn infants with birth weight of <1500 g were enrolled and cord blood was collected for interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) assays. Participants provided informed consent and ethics approval was obtained. Outcome measures The primary outcome was umbilical cord cytokine levels according to maternal HIV status. Secondary outcomes included death and/or serious neonatal infection, necrotising enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage, periventricular leucomalacia, chronic lung disease and haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus before discharge. Results A total of 279 cases were included with 269 cytokine assays performed on 122 HEs and 147 HUs. Median IL-6 levels were 53.0 pg/mL in HEs and 21.0 pg/ mL in HUs (p=0.07). Median TNF-α levels were 7.2 pg/ mL in HEs and 6.5 pg/mL in HUs (p=0.6). There was significantly more late-onset sepsis in the HE group compared with the HU group (41.2% vs 27.9%) (p=0.03). IL-6 levels were significantly higher for those with any adverse outcome (p=0.006) and death and/or any adverse outcome (p=0.0001). TNF-α levels did not differ according to predischarge outcomes. Conclusion There is no significant difference in IL-6 and TNF-α levels in cord blood of HE compared with HU VLBWs. However, IL-6 levels are significantly higher in VLBWs with adverse predischarge outcomes, and VLBW HEs are at increased risk of adverse predischarge outcomes compared with HUs, particularly late-onset sepsis

The Grizzly, March 25, 1986

The Day U.C. Shut Down • R.A. Selections Underway • Suggestions Being Taken for Forum Topics • Letter: Proud Parents Commend U.C.\u27s Talent • Learn to Swim • New Course for Lifeguards • BreMiller\u27s Diversified Interests • What are You Doing After Graduation? • Matthews an NEH Grant Recipient • Briefs: USGA Represented at Leadership Conference; Ray Bunt Honored at Luncheon; Science Fair in Helfferich; Senior Symposium Topics; Women\u27s Track • Men\u27s Lacrosse Club Starts New Season • Bears Even Record • Lady Bears Look to Win it all • Women\u27s Lacrosse to Begin • Gymnasts Deserted by Coach Morrison • A Reminiscent Backflip • Woody\u27s Hannah a Hit • Equipment Donatedhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1161/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 7, 1986

Meyer to Undergo Surgery • Teachers Always Looking to the Future: NASA Finalists Speak to Some U.C. Students • Garbage: It\u27s Expensive Stuff • Letters: CAB Responds to Only at Ursinus Comments; Student Offended by Walkman Listener at Haydn Concert • Bomberger Concerts Deserve Crowd, Too • Tie for First in Air Band • How to get that \u27A\u27 • It\u27s All in Good Fun Guys • What are You Doing Next Week? • Nuclear War as a Just War • Women\u27s Studies Offered in Fall • Mer Chicks a Success at MAC\u27s • U.C. Boys Bearing Down • Women\u27s Lacrosse Preview • Coach Brown Named Ass\u27t Athletic Director • Townshend Strikes Gold With White City LP • Tolkien Collection On Display in Myrin • Faculty Views of Pledginghttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1160/thumbnail.jp

Clinical deterioration during antituberculosis treatment in Africa: Incidence, causes and risk factors

BACKGROUND:HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of antiretroviral and antituberculosis treatment in Africa, clinical deterioration during antituberculosis treatment remains a frequent reason for hospital admission. We therefore determined the incidence, causes and risk factors for clinical deterioration. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of 292 adults who initiated antituberculosis treatment during a 3-month period. We evaluated those with clinical deterioration over the following 24 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Seventy-one percent (209/292) of patients were HIV-1 infected (median CD4+: 129 cells/muL [IQR:62-277]). At tuberculosis diagnosis, 23% (34/145) of HIV-1 infected patients qualifying for antiretroviral treatment (ART) were receiving ART; 6 months later, 75% (109/145) had received ART. Within 24 weeks of initiating antituberculosis treatment, 40% (117/292) of patients experienced clinical deterioration due to co-morbid illness (n = 70), tuberculosis related illness (n = 47), non AIDS-defining HIV-1 related infection (n = 25) and AIDS-defining illness (n = 21). Using HIV-1 uninfected patients as the referent group, HIV-1 infected patients had an increasing risk of clinical deterioration as CD4+ counts decreased [CD4+>350 cells/muL: RR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.7-2.9; CD4+:200-350 cells/muL: RR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.1-3.6; CD4+<200 cells/muL: RR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.9-4.7]. During follow-up, 26% (30/117) of patients with clinical deterioration required hospital admission and 15% (17/117) died. Fifteen deaths were in HIV-1 infected patients with a CD4+<200 cells/muL. CONCLUSIONS: In multivariate analysis, HIV-1 infection and a low CD4+ count at tuberculosis diagnosis were significant risk factors for clinical deterioration and death. The initiation of ART at a CD4+ count of <350 cells/muL will likely reduce the high burden of clinical deterioration

DNA Topology Influences Molecular Machine Lifetime in Human Serum

DNA nanotechnology holds the potential for enabling new tools for biomedical engineering, including diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics. However, applications for DNA devices are thought to be limited by rapid enzymatic degradation in serum and blood. Here, we demonstrate that a key aspect of DNA nanotechnology—programmable molecular shape—plays a substantial role in device lifetimes. These results establish the ability to operate synthetic DNA devices in the presence of endogenous enzymes and challenge the textbook view of near instantaneous degradation

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead