Research on fastDTW and isolation forest-based lightweight gesture authentication

This study explores the use of the accelerometer and gyroscope sensors in an Android mobile phone to capture data during user gesture performance. The recorded data is then processed and analyzed to extract feature values. The authentication of the user's identity may be achieved by this method, which is characterized by minimal constraints. This study initially compares the user's gesture to the template gesture using FastDTW. After that, an adaptive weighted vote determines the closest gesture template. This checks if the user is doing the template category correctly. The second stage extracts effective feature values from authentic user gestures. These feature values include efficient time-frequency domain feature values and the data extreme point spacing-to-length ratio. After that, authentic gestures are used to build the Isolation Forest to verify the user. This approach suggests a reduction in FRR, FAR, and an increase in accuracy, while using a smaller amount of data.</p

Enantioselective Construction of Spirocyclic Oxindole Derivatives with Multiple Stereocenters via an Organocatalytic Michael/Aldol/Hemiacetalization Cascade Reaction

An efficient organocatalytic Michael/aldol/hemiacetalization cascade reaction for construction of enantioenriched spirocyclic oxindoles fused with tetrahydropyrane has been developed. The desired highly functionalized 5′,6′-dihydro-2′<i>H</i>,4′<i>H</i>-spiro­[indoline-3,3′-pyran]-2-one derivatives containing multiple stereogenic centers were obtained in moderate to high chemical yields and with high stereoselectivities

Enantioselective Construction of Spirocyclic Oxindole Derivatives with Multiple Stereocenters via an Organocatalytic Michael/Aldol/Hemiacetalization Cascade Reaction

An efficient organocatalytic Michael/aldol/hemiacetalization cascade reaction for construction of enantioenriched spirocyclic oxindoles fused with tetrahydropyrane has been developed. The desired highly functionalized 5′,6′-dihydro-2′<i>H</i>,4′<i>H</i>-spiro­[indoline-3,3′-pyran]-2-one derivatives containing multiple stereogenic centers were obtained in moderate to high chemical yields and with high stereoselectivities

Fatty acid degradation plays an essential role in proliferation of mouse female primordial germ cells via the p53-dependent cell cycle regulation

<p>Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are embryonic founders of germ cells that ultimately differentiate into oocytes and spermatogonia. Embryonic proliferation of PGCs starting from E11.5 ensures the presence of germ cells in adulthood, especially in female mammals whose total number of oocytes declines after this initial proliferation period. To better understand mechanisms underlying PGC proliferation in female mice, we constructed a proteome profile of female mouse gonads at E11.5. Subsequent KEGG pathway analysis of the 3,662 proteins profiled showed significant enrichment of pathways involved in fatty acid degradation. Further, the number of PGCs found in <i>in vitro</i> cultured fetal gonads significantly decreased with application of etomoxir, an inhibitor of the key rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid degradation carnitine acyltransferase I (CPT1). Decrease in PGCs was further determined to be the result of reduced proliferation rather than apoptosis. The inhibition of fatty acid degradation by etomoxir has the potential to activate the Ca²⁺/CamKII/5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway; while as an upstream activator, activated AMPK can function as activator of p53 to induce cell cycle arrest. Thus, we detected the expressional level of AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK (P-AMPK), phosphorylated p53 (P-p53) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) by Western blots, the results showed increased expression of them after treatment with etomoxir, suggested the activation of p53 pathway was the reason for reduced proliferation of PGCs. Finally, the involvement of p53-dependent G1 cell cycle arrest in defective proliferation of PGCs was verified by rescue experiments. Our results demonstrate that fatty acid degradation plays an important role in proliferation of female PGCs via the p53-dependent cell cycle regulation.</p