Data, and sample sources thereof, on water quality life cycle impact assessments pertaining to catchment scale acidification and eutrophication potentials and the benefits of on-farm mitigation strategies

Based on recent spatially aggregated June Agriculture Survey data and site-specific environmental data, information from common farm types in the East of England was sourced and collated. These data were subsequently used as key inputs to a mechanistic environmental modelling tool, the Catchment Systems Model, which predicts environmental damage arising from various farm types and their management strategies. The Catchment Systems Model, which utilises real-world agricultural productivity data (samples and appropriate consent provided within the Mendeley Data repository) is designed to assess not only losses to nature such as nitrate, phosphate, sediment and ammonia, but also to predict how on-farm intervention strategies may affect environmental performance. The data reported within this article provides readers with a detailed inventory of inputs such as fertiliser, outputs including nutrient losses, and impacts to nature for 1782 different scenarios which cover both arable and livestock farming systems. These 1782 scenarios include baseline (i.e., no interventions), business-as-usual (i.e., interventions already implemented in the study area) and optimised (i.e., best-case scenarios) data. Further, using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, the dataset reports acidification and eutrophication potentials for each scenario under two (eutrophication) and three (acidification) impact assessments to offer an insight into the importance of impact assessment choice. Finally, the dataset also provides its readers with percentage changes from baseline to best-case scenario for each farm type

Double transverse spin asymmetries in vector boson production

We investigate a helicity non-flip double transverse spin asymmetry in vector boson production in hadron-hadron scattering, which was first considered by Ralston and Soper at the tree level. It does not involve transversity functions and in principle also arises in W-boson production for which we present the expressions. The asymmetry requires observing the transverse momentum of the vector boson, but it is not suppressed by explicit inverse powers of a large energy scale. However, as we will show, inclusion of Sudakov factors causes suppression of the asymmetry, which increases with energy. Moreover, the asymmetry is shown to be approximately proportional to x_1 g_1(x_1) x_2 \bar g_1(x_2), which gives rise to additional suppression at small values of the light cone momentum fractions. This implies that it is negligible for Z or W production and is mainly of interest for \gamma^* at low energies. We also compare the asymmetry with other types of double transverse spin asymmetries and discuss how to disentangle them.Comment: 12 pages, Revtex, 2 Postscript figures, uses aps.sty, epsf.sty; figures replaced, a few minor other correction

Non-perturbative calculations for the effective potential of the PTPT symmetric and non-Hermitian (−gϕ4)(-g\phi^{4}) field theoretic model

We investigate the effective potential of the $PT$ symmetric $(-g\phi^{4})$ field theory, perturbatively as well as non-perturbatively. For the perturbative calculations, we first use normal ordering to obtain the first order effective potential from which the predicted vacuum condensate vanishes exponentially as $G\to G^+$ in agreement with previous calculations. For the higher orders, we employed the invariance of the bare parameters under the change of the mass scale $t$ to fix the transformed form totally equivalent to the original theory. The form so obtained up to $G^3$ is new and shows that all the 1PI amplitudes are perurbative for both $G\ll 1$ and $G\gg 1$ regions. For the intermediate region, we modified the fractal self-similar resummation method to have a unique resummation formula for all $G$ values. This unique formula is necessary because the effective potential is the generating functional for all the 1PI amplitudes which can be obtained via $\partial^n E/\partial b^n$ and thus we can obtain an analytic calculation for the 1PI amplitudes. Again, the resummed from of the effective potential is new and interpolates the effective potential between the perturbative regions. Moreover, the resummed effective potential agrees in spirit of previous calculation concerning bound states.Comment: 20 page

Measuring Parton Densities in the Pomeron

We present a program to measure the parton densities in the pomeron using diffractive deep inelastic scattering and diffractive photoproduction, and to test the resulting parton densities by applying them to other processes such as the diffractive production of jets in hadron-hadron collisions. Since QCD factorization has been predicted NOT to apply to hard diffractive scattering, this program of fitting and using parton densities might be expected to fail. Its success or failure will provide useful information on the space-time structure of the pomeron.Comment: Contains revisions based on Phys. Rev. D referee comments. RevTeX version 3, epsf, 31 pages. Uuencoded compressed postscript figures appended. Uncompressed postscript files available at ftp://ftp.phys.psu.edu/pub/preprint/psuth136

Measurement of the gluon PDF at small x with neutrino telescopes

We analyze the possibility that neutrino telescopes may provide an experimental determination of the slope lambda of the gluon distribution in the proton at momentum fractions x smaller than the accelerator reach. The method is based on a linear relation between lambda and the spectral index (slope) of the down-going atmospheric muon flux above 100 TeV, for which there is no background. Considering the uncertainties in the charm production cross section and in the cosmic ray composition, we estimate the error on the measurement of lambda through this method, excluding the experimental error of the telescopes, to be ~ +/- 0.2Comment: 16 pages with 16 figures - new version, comments added, same results and figure

Time Delay and Time Advance in Resonance Theory

We propose a theory of the resonance-antiresonance scattering process which differs considerably from the classical one (the Breit-Wigner theory), which is commonly used in the phenomenological analysis. Here both resonances and antiresonances are described in terms of poles of the scattering amplitude: the resonances by poles in the first quadrant while the antiresonances by poles in the fourth quadrant of the complex angular momentum plane. The latter poles are produced by non-local potentials, which derive from the Pauli exchange forces acting among the nucleons or the quarks composing the colliding particles.Comment: 30 pages, 7 figure