3 research outputs found
Blood Transcriptomics Analysis of Fish Exposed to Perfluoro Alkyls Substances: Assessment of a Non-Lethal Sampling Technique for Advancing Aquatic Toxicology Research
In contrast to mammals, the blood from other vertebrates such as fish contains nucleated red cells. Using a fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) oligonucleotide microarray, we compared altered transcripts in the liver and whole blood after exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and a mixture of seven types of perfluoro alkyl substances (PFAS), including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). We used quantitative polymerase chain reactions and cell-based assays to confirm the main effects and found that blood responded with a greater number of altered genes than the liver. The exposure to PFAS altered similar genes with central roles in a cellular pathway in both tissues, including estrogen receptor α and peroxisome proliferator activator β and ?, indicating that the genes previously associated with PFAS exposure are differentially expressed in blood and liver. The altered transcripts are involved with cholesterol metabolism and mitochondrial function. Our data confirmed that PFAS are weak xenoestrogens and exert effects on DNA integrity. Gene expression profiling from blood samples not related with the immune system, including very-low-density lipoprotein, vitellogenin, estrogen receptor, and thyroid hormone receptor, demonstrated that blood is a useful tissue for assessing endocrine disruption in non-mammalian vertebrates. We conclude that the use of blood for non-lethal sampling in genomics studies is informative and particularly useful for assessing the effects of pollution in endangered species. Further, using blood will reduce animal use and widen the experimental design options for studying the effects of contaminant exposure on wildlife.Fil: RodrĂguez Jorquera, Ignacio A.. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chile. School Of Natural Resources And Environment; . University of Florida; Estados UnidosFil: Colli Dula, R. Cristina. INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL (IPN); . University of Florida; Estados UnidosFil: Kroll, Kevin. University of Florida; Estados UnidosFil: Jayasinghe, B. Sumith. University of Florida; Estados UnidosFil: Parachu Marco, Maria Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Silva Sanchez, Cecilia. University of Florida; Estados UnidosFil: Toor, Gurpal S.. University of Maryland; Estados UnidosFil: Denslow, Nancy D.. University of Florida; Estados Unido
Gene Expression of Fathead Minnows (<i>Pimephales promelas</i>) Exposed to Two Types of Treated Municipal Wastewater Effluents
Contaminants of emerging concern
(CECs) in treated municipal effluents
have the potential to adversely impact exposed organisms prompting
elevated public concern. Using transcriptomic tools, we investigated
changes in gene expression and cellular pathways in the liver of male
fathead minnows (<i>Pimephales promelas</i>) exposed to
5% concentrations of full secondary-treated (HTP) or advanced primary-treated
(PL) municipal wastewater effluents containing CECs. Gene expression
changes were associated with apical end points (plasma vitellogenin
and changes in secondary sexual characteristics). Of 32 effluent CECs
analyzed, 28 were detected including pharmaceuticals, personal care
products, hormones, and industrial compounds. Exposure to both effluents
produced significantly higher levels of plasma VTG and changes in
secondary sexual characteristics (e.g., ovipositor development). Transcript
patterns differed between effluents, with <10% agreement in the
detected response (e.g., altered production of transcripts involved
in xenobiotic detoxification, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were
observed following exposure to both effluents). Exposure to PL effluent
caused changes in transcription of genes involved in metabolic pathways
(e.g., lipid transport and steroid metabolism). Exposure to HTP effluent
affected transcripts involved in signaling pathways (e.g., focal adhesion
assembly and extracellular matrix). The results suggest a potential
association between some transcriptomic changes and physiological
responses following effluent exposure. This study identified responses
in pathways not previously implicated in exposure to complex chemical
mixtures containing CECs, which are consistent with effluent exposure
(e.g., oxidative stress) in addition to other pathway responses specific
to the effluent type
Gene Expression of Fathead Minnows (<i>Pimephales promelas</i>) Exposed to Two Types of Treated Municipal Wastewater Effluents
Contaminants of emerging concern
(CECs) in treated municipal effluents
have the potential to adversely impact exposed organisms prompting
elevated public concern. Using transcriptomic tools, we investigated
changes in gene expression and cellular pathways in the liver of male
fathead minnows (<i>Pimephales promelas</i>) exposed to
5% concentrations of full secondary-treated (HTP) or advanced primary-treated
(PL) municipal wastewater effluents containing CECs. Gene expression
changes were associated with apical end points (plasma vitellogenin
and changes in secondary sexual characteristics). Of 32 effluent CECs
analyzed, 28 were detected including pharmaceuticals, personal care
products, hormones, and industrial compounds. Exposure to both effluents
produced significantly higher levels of plasma VTG and changes in
secondary sexual characteristics (e.g., ovipositor development). Transcript
patterns differed between effluents, with <10% agreement in the
detected response (e.g., altered production of transcripts involved
in xenobiotic detoxification, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were
observed following exposure to both effluents). Exposure to PL effluent
caused changes in transcription of genes involved in metabolic pathways
(e.g., lipid transport and steroid metabolism). Exposure to HTP effluent
affected transcripts involved in signaling pathways (e.g., focal adhesion
assembly and extracellular matrix). The results suggest a potential
association between some transcriptomic changes and physiological
responses following effluent exposure. This study identified responses
in pathways not previously implicated in exposure to complex chemical
mixtures containing CECs, which are consistent with effluent exposure
(e.g., oxidative stress) in addition to other pathway responses specific
to the effluent type