La gobernanza de la acción colectiva: un enfoque transdisciplinario

En este artículo se presenta un inventario crítico de la evolución del pensamiento teórico en ciencias sociales sobre la regulación de la acción colectiva. Se resalta la tensión permanente entre los valores de libertad y solidaridad y la inestabilidad de los dispositivos normativos que aseguran la eficacia y la legitimidad de esta regulación. Para satisfacer de manera equilibrada estas dos exigencias, se adopta un enfoque "genético". Más allá de subordinar, en un sentido u otro, los elementos del binomio justificación-aplicación de normas, se las articula de manera asimétrica al insertar los registros de la primera en las limitaciones de la cooperación de la segunda a fin de manejar el aprendizaje colectivo de manera que éste se constituya en un proceso de "auto-capacitación" de los actores

A distinctive requirement for p53 in the genome protective Topoisomerase 2a-dependent G2 arrest in hTERT positive cancer cells

Topoisomerase 2a (Topo2a)-dependent G2 arrest engenders faithful segregation of sister chromatids, yet in certain tumor cell lines where this arrest is dysfunctional, a PKCε-dependent failsafe pathway can be triggered. Here we elaborate on recent advances in understanding the underlying mechanisms associated with this G2 arrest by determining that p53-p21 signaling is essential for efficient arrest in cell lines, in patient-derived cells, and in colorectal cancer organoids. Regulation of this p53 axis required the SMC5/6 complex, which is distinct from the p53 pathways observed in the DNA damage response. Topo2a inhibition specifically during S phase did not trigger G2 arrest despite affecting completion of DNA replication. Moreover, in cancer cells reliant upon the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism, a distinct form of Topo2a-dependent, p53-independent G2 arrest was found to be mediated by BLM and Chk1. Importantly, the previously described PKCε-dependent mitotic failsafe was engaged in hTERT-positive cells when Topo2a-dependent G2 arrest was dysfunctional and where p53 was absent, but not in cells dependent on the ALT mechanism. In PKCε knockout mice, p53 deletion elicited tumors were less aggressive than in PKCε-replete animals and exhibited a distinct pattern of chromosomal rearrangements. This evidence suggests the potential of exploiting synthetic lethality in arrest-defective hTERT-positive tumors through PKCε-directed therapeutic intervention.SignificanceThe identification of a requirement for p53 in stringent Topo2a-dependent G2 arrest and engagement of PKCε failsafe pathways in arrest-defective hTERT-positive cells provides a therapeutic opportunity to induce selective synthetic lethality

Pour tenter de conclure : à la croisée des chemins...

Abstract ?The first section of the paper is aimed at elaborating in some more depth the concept of rationality. Both the mainstream and behavioral approaches to market efficiency are grounded in a « substantive» and thus necessarily unique concept of rationality. The heterodox current, on the contrary, adopts a « procedural» view of rationality which opens the door to various forms of cohabitation and competition of multiple « logics of action ». In a second section, it shows how, along the lines already drawn by Keynes in 1936, heterodox economists consider that the basic function of financial markets is providing liquidity, and by no means « genuine» valuation. This double turn-off has heavy implications for both the scope and the implementation of regulatory devices. It is calling for a concept of « reflexive law » that can be exemplified by such a regulatory principle as « comply or explain ».Financial markets, rational expectations, market efficiency, heterodox economists, liquidity, regulation

Corporate Governance: An Institutionalist Approach

Even though our understanding of corporate governance has evolved from a rigid model of “command and control” toward a more flexible model of incentive mechanisms, numerous and major shortcomings continue to plague efforts to resolve the conflicts of interest inherent in the managerial approach to corporate control. In this stimulating book the work of ten outstanding scholars in the field converges, along different avenues of research and analysis, toward a vital critique of two assumptions in currently dominant economic theory: that uncertainty can be reduced to numerical probabilities, and that contracts can be "complete", that is, capable of establishing beforehand an efficacious solution for all possible eventualities. These authors argue that efficient corporate governance requires the establishment of devices of cooperation among the various stakeholders that enable the operation of collective learning. Their contributions to this book clearly enunciate both the need for such organisational learning and the lessons of several specific recent transformations in governance practice that manifest a degree of such learning. In the process their analyses touch upon such central governance issues as the following: • the exercise of hierarchical authority in the framework of the labour contract; • the “financialisation” of the wage system via profit sharing, stock options, and the like; • the transformation of financial markets into markets for corporate control; • the polarising effect of the concept of shareholder value; • the self-perception of employee shareholders; • justification of layoff projects; and • rescue of firms in financial distress. What the common undertaking of these authors finally reveals is of immeasurable value to business leaders: potent suggestions that foster the development of a reflexive capacity among actors in corporate governance to isolate what the real problem is, to identify the elements of the context that it would be expedient to transform, and to construct collectively the modalities of an effective transformation

La Gestion de portefeuille - Instruments: Instruments, stratégie et performance

Cet ouvrage complet et pédagogique, destiné aussi bien aux étudiants de Licence (Bac) et Maîtrise en Sciences économiques et de gestion qu'aux professionnels de la gestion de portefeuille et de l'asset management, se positionne comme une référence en matière d'analyse de la stratégie de gestion de portefeuille et de l'examen de la performance de cette gestion.Un soin particulier a été apporté dans la clarté et la mise en perspective critique de l'exposition des bases de la théorie moderne de portefeuille et de l'efficience des marchés, en précisant l'état de la science et de l'art en la matière. Ensuite, l'ouvrage passe en revue les classes d'instruments financiers susceptibles d'intégrer un portefeuille de valeurs mobilières, à savoir les actions, les titres à revenus fixes, les produits dérivés et les actifs alternatifs, avec leurs principes de valorisation et leurs propriétés dans le cadre de la gestion d'actifs.Les stratégies de gestion de portefeuille par classes homogènes ou dans une optique d'allocation d'actifs font l'objet d'un examen minutieux. Cette analyse est complétée par une partie importante consacrée à l'évaluation de la performance de portefeuille, permettant d'établir un lien concret entre la mise en oeuvre des principes de gestion et le contrôle de leur qualité.Les innovations récentes en matière de stratégie et d'évaluation de la performance de portefeuille sont décrites avec objectivité et sans complaisance, mettant en exergue leurs avantages et faiblesses potentiels.Cette 2e édition a été entièrement revue et actualisée.info:eu-repo/semantics/published