Additional file 7: of Transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic changes in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves after the onset of illumination

Validation of candidate genes in photosystem of wild type Arabidopsis by qRT-PCR. All the values were calculated by fold change of the value in two compared time points. (A) indicated RNA-seq data and (B) indicated qRT-PCR data. Data were expressed as means with ± SD of three biological replicates. The significant changes in T1 and T8 were compared with T0, respectively. Asterisks indicate significant difference, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. (DOCX 212 kb

Additional file 8: of Transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic changes in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves after the onset of illumination

Peptides fractions separated profiles by SCX. The above one shown OD220, OD260 and OD280 profiles, respectively. (DOCX 66 kb

SWATH-MS Quantitative Proteomic Investigation Reveals a Role of Jasmonic Acid during Lead Response in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Lead (Pb) pollution is a growing environment problem that continuously threatens the productivity of crops. To understand the molecular mechanisms of plant adaptation to Pb toxicity, we examined proteome changes in <i>Arabidopsis</i> seedlings following Pb treatment by SWATH-MS, a label-free quantitative proteomic platform. We identified and quantified the expression of 1719 proteins in water- and Pb-treated plants. Among them, 231 proteins showed significant abundance changes (151 elevated and 80 reduced) upon Pb exposure. Functional categorization revealed that most of the Pb-responsive proteins are involved in different metabolic processes. For example, down-regulation of photosynthesis and biosynthesis of isoprenoids and tetrapyrroles in chloroplasts were observed. On the contrary, pathways leading to glutathione, jasmonic acid (JA), glucosinolate (GSL), and phenylpropanoid production are up-regulated. Experimental characterizations demonstrated a rapid elevation of endogenic JA production in Pb-treated <i>Arabidopsis</i> seedlings, while a JA-deficient mutant and a JA-insensitive mutant showed hypersensitivity to root inhibition by Pb, implicating an essential role of JA during Pb responses. Consistently, methyl jasmonate supplementation alleviated Pb toxicity in the wild-type and JA-deficient mutant. Furthermore, GSL levels were substantially enhanced following Pb treatment, while such induction was not detected in the JA mutant, suggesting that the Pb-induced GSL accumulation is JA-dependent. Overall, our work represents the first SWATH-MS analysis in <i>Arabidopsis</i> and highlights a potential mediating role of JA during Pb stress