Percent distribution of ovarian categories of catches at the trap (A), refuges (B) and Houses 1–3 (C).

<p>Based on pooled data for all months. Sample sizes for the trap, refuges and houses were 86, 59 and 98, respectively, for <i>G. m. morsitans</i> and 627, 50 and 307, respectively, for <i>G. pallidipes</i>.</p

Temperature in a refuge and Houses 1–3 at various times of day.

<p>Temperature is expressed as the mean difference between the temperature in the refuge or house and the temperature in a Stevenson screen, so that if the difference is negative the temperature in the refuge or house was lower than in the screen. Vertical bars through the plots indicate the 95% confidence limits of the mean. Some plots are slightly displaced horizontally to ensure that the bars are not confused. Houses 1, 2 and 3 had roofs of thatch, asbestos and tin, respectively.</p

Percent distribution of uterine contents of catches at the trap (A), refuges (B) and Houses 1–3 (C).

<p>L1, L2 and L3 are first, second and third instar larvae, respectively. Sample sizes for the trap, refuges and houses were 80, 54 and 85, respectively, for <i>G. m. morsitans</i> and 601, 47 and 295, respectively, for <i>G. pallidipes</i>.</p

Diurnal pattern of catches of the trap (A), refuges (B) and House 1 (C) at various seasons.

<p>The catch at each bait at each inspection time at each season is shown as a percent of the total catch for the bait and season. The refuge data refer to the pooled catches of all three refuges. Sample sizes are shown in parentheses in the legends. Only two <i>G. pallidipes</i> were caught in refuges in the cool season, both at 1500 h, and these catches are not shown. Temperatures indicated for each season are the mean maximum of daily screen temperatures, with the range in parentheses.</p

Catches from various treatments of House 1, and from a trap and refuges.

<p>Total catches of each sex and species of tsetse in a number of days in Aug 2009 to Aug 2010, the mean daily catch of all sexes and species combined, and the 95% confidence limits of the mean.</p

Catches from houses used with various types of window.

<p>Total catches of each sex and species of tsetse during 14 days in Aug–Sep 2010, the mean daily catch of all sexes and species combined, and the 95% confidence limits of the mean.</p

Plan view of Houses 1–3.

<p>In House 1 the internal glass windows and internal doors were always open; the external E door was always closed. The external W door of House 1, the external doors of Houses 2 and 3, and the external glass windows of all houses were open or closed as described in the text.</p

Catches from various houses with distinctive roofs, in two experiments.

<p>Total catches of each sex and species of tsetse in a number of days, the mean daily catch of all sexes and species combined, and the 95% confidence limits of the mean.</p

Distribution of ovarian categories in catches.

<p>Data for female <i>G. m. morsitans</i> (A) and <i>G. pallidipes</i> (B), taken from the house itself and from humans in the house. Sample sizes for <i>G. m. morsitans</i>: house 46 and humans 33; for <i>G. pallidipes</i>: 336 and 5, respectively.</p

Catches of tsetse from the house, in seven separate experiments with various treatments.

1<p>Artificial ox odor.</p>2<p>Artificial human odor.</p><p>Total catches of male (M) and female (F) <i>G. m. morsitans</i> and <i>G. pallidipes</i> in all daily replicates of each treatment in each experiment, the daily mean of the catch of both sexes and species combined, and the 95% confidence limits of the mean. All humans except the doorman were inside the house; windows were closed unless stated otherwise.</p