Stocking rate and stocking strategy for steers grazing rotational or continuous stocked rye-ryegrass pasture

Last updated: 6/1/200

Grazing growth rate effects on subsequent feedlot and carcass traits in Braunvieh cross steers

Last updated: 6/12/200

Using Ethnographic Methods to Articulate Community-Based Conceptions of Cultural Heritage Management

How can ethnographic methods help communities articulate and enact their own conceptions of heritage management? This and related questions are being explored through an international research project, ‘Intellectual Property Issues in Cultural Heritage’. The project includes up to twenty community- based initiatives that incorporate community-based participatory research and ethnographic methods to explore emerging intellectual property-related issues in archaeological contexts; the means by which they are being addressed or resolved; and the broader implications of these issues and concerns. We discuss three examples that use ethnography to (a) articulate local or customary laws and principles of archaeological heritage management among a First Nations group in British Columbia; (b) assemble knowledge related to land/sea use and cultural practices of the Moriori people of Rekohu (Chatham Islands) for their use in future land and heritage manage- ment policies; and (c) aid a tribal cultural centre in Michigan in crafting co-management strategies to protect spiritual traditions associated with a rock art site on state property. Such situations call for participatory methods that place control over the design, process, products, and interpretation of ‘archaeology’ in the hands of cultural descendants. We hope that these examples of community-based conceptions of archaeological heritage management, facilitated through ethnographic methods and participatory approaches, will increase awareness of the value of these and other alternative approaches and the need to share them widely

Cold War : a Transnational Approach to a Global Heritage

Although within living memory, many countries now consider their surviving Cold War architecture as part of their heritage. It can even be a priority for heritage managers given that significant buildings are often suitable for reuse while extensive ‘brownfield’ sites such as airfields can be used for large-scale redevelopment. In a number of countries whose work we refer to here (notably the United Kingdom and elsewhere in Europe), agencies responsible for managing their country’s heritage have approached this priority by creating national inventories of sites and buildings with a view to taking informed decisions on their future. This paper presents the argument that the wider international context of the Cold War provides a more appropriate (or additional, higher-level) framework for such decision making. Such a ‘transnational’ approach would allow the comparison of similar (e.g. European) sites not merely within national borders but across the full extent of their western NATO1 deployment in Europe and North America. Taking this approach would also allow comparison with related sites in countries that formed part of the eastern-bloc Warsaw Pact.2 After outlining some examples of how national agencies have approached their Cold War heritage, this paper presents the four stages of this transnational approach making provision for an improved understanding and management of Cold War heritage sites wherever they occur. With a specific focus on the direct comparison between England and Russia, and also referring to sites surviving elsewhere within the former NATO and Warsaw Pact regions, as well as the United States, we argue that this four-stage approach: provides new understandings of a complex archaeological and architectural record; gives fresh perspectives on significance; and (importantly in a time of geopolitical instability) does so in a spirit of cooperation and friendship

Novel immunohistochemistry-based signatures to predict metastatic site of triple-negative breast cancers

Background: Although distant metastasis (DM) in breast cancer (BC) is the most lethal form of recurrence and the most commonunderlying cause of cancer related deaths, the outcome following the development of DM is related to the site of metastasis.Triple negative BC (TNBC) is an aggressive form of BC characterised by early recurrences and high mortality. Athough multiplevariables can be used to predict the risk of metastasis, few markers can predict the specific site of metastasis. This study aimed atidentifying a biomarker signature to predict particular sites of DM in TNBC.Methods: A clinically annotated series of 322 TNBC were immunohistochemically stained with 133 biomarkers relevant to BC, todevelop multibiomarker models for predicting metastasis to the bone, liver, lung and brain. Patients who experienced metastasisto each site were compared with those who did not, by gradually filtering the biomarker set via a two-tailed t-test and Coxunivariate analyses. Biomarker combinations were finally ranked based on statistical significance, and evaluated in multivariableanalyses.Results: Our final models were able to stratify TNBC patients into high risk groups that showed over 5, 6, 7 and 8 times higher riskof developing metastasis to the bone, liver, lung and brain, respectively, than low-risk subgroups. These models for predictingsite-specific metastasis retained significance following adjustment for tumour size, patient age and chemotherapy status.Conclusions: Our novel IHC-based biomarkers signatures, when assessed in primary TNBC tumours, enable prediction of specificsites of metastasis, and potentially unravel biomarkers previously unknown in site tropism

Stocking rate and stocking strategy for steers grazing rotational or continuous stocked rye-ryegrass pasture

Last updated: 6/1/200

Effect of winter pasture grazing performance on feedlot and carcass traits in cattle

Last updated: 6/12/200

Grazing growth rate effects on subsequent feedlot and carcass traits in Braunvieh cross steers

Last updated: 6/12/200