Canada in a Climate Disrupted World

Climate change has already begun impacting economies and societies across the globe, and its impacts are expected to increase into the future. Adaptation to climate change is and will continue to be one of the greatest policy challenges facing the Canadian government. However, im- portant and much-needed work on understanding the future of climate change has not yet been completed. Gaps remain in the body of academic, government, and other policy-relevant publications. Specifically, there is a relative paucity of research done on the indirect impacts of climate change on Canada. These external impacts outside of Canada’s borders may have second-order effects, the implications of which have thus far remained largely unexplored. In this report, we identify key issue areas which are currently or potentially affected by these indirect impacts. We also undergo a thorough literature review, and locate areas in which further data re- search is required

Family Resources Survey: United Kingdom 2010/11

The Family Resources Survey collects information on the incomes and circumstances of private households in the United Kingdom. It has been running since October 1992. This report summarises the results for the 2010/11 full survey year in which approximately 25,000 households were interviewed. The report is divided into sections covering: Income and State Support Receipt; Tenure; Savings and Investments; Disability; Carers; Occupation and Employment; and Pension Participation

Christianity and Culture : The Catholic Mission in Pre-Modern Japan

本稿は東京にある聖オルバン・アングリカン/エピスコパル教会においてシリーズで行われた公開講座「キリスト教と文化」の講座の一つとして、2002年1月27日に行った講演をもとに加筆、修正したものである。この講演で論じたことは16世紀及び17世紀の日本におけるカトリック伝導研究の入り口部分であり、今後はこの研究を更に進めて特に当時の日本人のキリスト教改宗者の果たした役割について研究を深めたい。"This is a transcript of a lecture that I gave on 27^ January, 2002, as part of a course on Christianity and Culture hosted by St. Alban\u27s Anglican / Episcopal Church, Tokyo. It represents a preliminary study leading to further research on the Catholic Mission in 16^ and 17^ century Japan, with particular emphasis on the role of Japanese converts to Christianity at that time.

Wild self-care: Rethinking 'risky' health-related practices among members of the gay community

Gay and queer men tend to experience higher rates of mental health issues, STIs/HIV, suicide, substance dependency, and poor well-being than other demographics. Despite sustained public health efforts internationally, many of these issues continue to disproportionately affect members of the gay community. This thesis presents a new approach to the health issues gay and queer men face. It examines how ‘risky’ health-related practices including condomless sex and the use of illicit drugs might be legitimate ways of performing self-care and pursuing well-being. In order to address this aim, I conducted 16 interviews over a 12-month period in New Zealand and Australia using a constructionist grounded theory approach and a theoretical framework that draws upon the work of Judith Butler, Elizabeth Grosz, Michel Foucault, Homi Bhabha, Kane Race, Nikolas Rose, and Pierre Bourdieu. My participants and I explore a wide range of topics including the performative nature of sex and the notion of ‘play’, how pleasure and the emotional significance of sex might be related to self-care, the ways in which space might influence sexual practices and experiences, and to what extent having sex outside the home might be a form of self-care. I also cover safer sex practices and the experience of disease, how PrEP has radically changed the way gay men approach sex, the way drugs are bound up in self-care practices, and the relationships between self-care and community. The concept of ‘wild self-care’ emerged from these interviews and describes how practices or behaviours which appear risky, dangerous, or unhealthy can also be seen as legitimate ways of caring for the body and the self. I demonstrate how my participants used creative, unexpected, and alternative methods of caring for themselves using substances or ‘risky’ forms of sex and describe the way self-care is communal nature rather than a solitary practice. I also present the notion of health-as-process. This concept allows researchers to approach health as an ongoing process rather than a state of being that might be achieved. This speaks to the emotional and personal way that risk is constructed and experienced. All these facets come together to articulate the deeply complicated ways that people care for themselves

The Translation into English of Japanese Drama : Koko Kara Wa Toi Kuni : Translation in the context of late 20th and early 21st century dramatic trends and the Japan Foundation Project for the Translation of Contemporary Dramatic Works

本稿は、2003年に日本国際交流基金に依頼された、岩崎正裕作『ここからは遠い国』の翻訳に関するものである。1980年代の日本演劇界の傾向と、演劇を通して行われた国際交流について概観する。また、翻訳上のさまざまな問題点として、特に比較文化的な視点と演劇特有の言語(表現)が探求される。"This paper looks at the translation from Japanese to English of a play by Iwasaki Masahiro, Koko Kara Wa Toi Kuni, which was commissioned by the Japan Foundation in 2003. The aim is to briefly put this commission into the context of trends in Japanese theatre since the early 1980s and of international exchange through theatre. Problems of translation, specifically of acculturation and naturalisation, reverence and play ability are addressed with specific examples.

マツオ スズキ ノ ホンヤク ヨリ マシン ニッキ ニ ミラレル トーン ト アコースティック マスク ニ ツイテ

"This paper deals with the translation of Matsuo Suzuki\u27s play Mashin Nikki, which was commissioned by the Japan Foundation as part of the Japan Foundation Project for the Translation of Contemporary Dramatic Works. Following some background information about the play and the playwright, the paper goes on to look at specific problems encountered in the translation process. One of these is the creation of acoustic masks, or replications in English of the style and speech patterns of each character. The second is the challenge of maintaining the tone of the original play in an English translation.

Textural characterization, major and volatile element quantification and Ar-Ar systematics of spherulites in the Rocche Rosse obsidian flow, Lipari, Aeolian Islands:A temperature continuum growth model.

Spherulitic textures in the Rocche Rosse obsidian flow (Lipari, Aeolian Islands, Italy) have been characterized through petrographic, crystal size distribution (CSD) and in situ major and volatile elemental analyses to assess the mode, temperature and timescales of spherulite formation. Bulk glass chemistry and spherulite chemistry analyzed along transects across the spherulite growth front/glass boundary reveal major-oxide and volatile (H2O, CO2, F, Cl and S) chemical variations and heterogeneities at a ≤5 μm scale. Numerous bulk volatile data in non-vesicular glass (spatially removed from spherulitic textures) reveal homogenous distributions of volatile concentrations: H2O (0.089 ± 0.012 wt%), F (950 ± 40 ppm) and Cl (4,100 ± 330 ppm), with CO2 and S consistently below detection limits suggesting either complete degassing of these volatiles or an originally volatile-poor melt. Volatile concentrations across the spherulite boundary and within the spherulitic textures are highly variable. These observations are consistent with diffusive expulsion of volatiles into melt, leaving a volatile-poor rim advancing ahead of anhydrous crystallite growth, which is envisaged to have had a pronounced effect on spherulite crystallization dynamics. Argon concentrations dissolved in the glass and spherulites differ by a factor of ~20, with Ar sequestered preferentially in the glass phase. Petrographic observation, CSD analysis, volatile and Ar data as well as diffusion modeling support continuous spherulite nucleation and growth starting at magmatic (emplacement) temperatures of ~790–825 °C and progressing through the glass transition temperature range (T g ~ 750–620 °C), being further modified in the solid state. We propose that nucleation and growth rate are isothermally constant, but vary between differing stages of spherulite growth with continued cooling from magmatic temperatures, such that there is an evolution from a high to a low rate of crystallization and low to high crystal nucleation. Based on the diffusion of H2O across these temperature ranges (~800–300 °C), timescales of spherulite crystallization occur on a timescale of ~4 days with further modification up to ~400 years (growth is prohibitively slow <400 °C and would become diffusion reliant). Selective deformation of spherulites supports a down-temperature continuum of spherulite formation in the Rocche Rosse obsidian; indeed, petrographic evidence suggests that high-strain zones may have catalyzed progressive nucleation and growth of further generations of spherulites during syn- and post-emplacement cooling

Regulatory T cells control the dynamic and site-specific polarization of total CD4 T cells following Salmonella infection

FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) control inflammation and maintain mucosal homeostasis, but their functions during infection are poorly understood. Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells can be identified by master transcription factors (TFs) T-bet, GATA3, and RORγT; Tregs also express these TFs. While T-bet+ Tregs can selectively suppress Th1 cells, it is unclear whether distinct Treg populations can alter Th bias. To address this, we used Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium to induce nonlethal colitis. Following infection, we observed an early colonic Th17 response within total CD4 T cells, followed by a Th1 bias. The early Th17 response, which contains both Salmonella-specific and non-Salmonella-specific cells, parallels an increase in T-bet+ Tregs. Later, Th1 cells and RORγT+ Tregs dominate. This reciprocal dynamic may indicate that Tregs selectively suppress Th cells, shaping the immune response. Treg depletion 1–2 days post-infection shifted the early Th17 response to a Th1 bias; however, Treg depletion 6–7 days post-infection abrogated the Th1 bias. Thus, Tregs are necessary for the early Th17 response, and for a maximal Th1 response later. These data show that Tregs shape the overall tissue CD4 T cell response and highlight the potential for subpopulations of Tregs to be used in targeted therapeutic approaches

Multi-night cortico-basal recordings reveal mechanisms of NREM slow-wave suppression and spontaneous awakenings in Parkinson's disease

Sleep disturbance is a prevalent and disabling comorbidity in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We performed multi-night (n = 57) at-home intracranial recordings from electrocorticography and subcortical electrodes using sensing-enabled Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), paired with portable polysomnography in four PD participants and one with cervical dystonia (clinical trial: NCT03582891). Cortico-basal activity in delta increased and in beta decreased during NREM (N2 + N3) versus wakefulness in PD. DBS caused further elevation in cortical delta and decrease in alpha and low-beta compared to DBS OFF state. Our primary outcome demonstrated an inverse interaction between subcortical beta and cortical slow-wave during NREM. Our secondary outcome revealed subcortical beta increases prior to spontaneous awakenings in PD. We classified NREM vs. wakefulness with high accuracy in both traditional (30 s: 92.6 ± 1.7%) and rapid (5 s: 88.3 ± 2.1%) data epochs of intracranial signals. Our findings elucidate sleep neurophysiology and impacts of DBS on sleep in PD informing adaptive DBS for sleep dysfunction