Suicide and open verdict deaths by all causes, and suicide, open verdict, and accidental deaths due to poisoning by all drugs, co-proxamol alone, and seven other analgesics alone (or with alcohol) in England and Wales, 1998–2010.

a<p>Other analgesics: co-codamol, codeine, co-dydramol, dihydrocodeine, NSAIDS, paracetamol, and tramadol.</p>b<p>Percentage of all drug-poisoning deaths.</p

Changes in prescriptions involving co-proxamol and seven other analgesics in England and Wales, 1998–2010, associated with the Committee on Safety of Medicines (CSM) announcement in January 2005.

a<p>Using interrupted time-series segmented regression analysis where the intervention point is taken as the end of 2004 (the CSM announcement on the withdrawal of co-proxamol, January 2005).</p>b<p>Estimated for the midpoint quarter of 2005–2010. See <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001213#pmed.1001213.s002" target="_blank">Text S1</a> for method, equation (2) or (3).</p>c<p>Absolute difference of estimated number with CSM announcement and estimated number without CSM announcement, taken at the mid-point of the post-intervention period, see <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001213#pmed.1001213.s002" target="_blank">Text S1</a> equation (4).</p>d<p>95% CIs taken from Stata results or calculated according to Zhang et al. <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001213#pmed.1001213-Zhang1" target="_blank">[38]</a>.</p

Changes in poisoning deaths involving co-proxamol, other analgesics, and all drugs, in England and Wales, 1998–2010, associated with the Committee on Safety of Medicines (CSM) announcement in January 2005.

a<p>Using interrupted time-series segmented regression analysis where the intervention point is taken as the end of 2004 (the CSM announcement on the withdrawal of co-proxamol, January 2005).</p>b<p>Estimated for the midpoint quarter of 2005–2010. See <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001213#pmed.1001213.s002" target="_blank">Text S1</a> for method, equation (2) or (3).</p>c<p>Absolute difference of estimated number with CSM announcement and estimated number without CSM announcement, taken at the mid-point of the post-intervention period, see <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001213#pmed.1001213.s002" target="_blank">Text S1</a> equation (4).</p>d<p>95% CIs taken from Stata results or calculated according to Zhang et al. <a href="http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001213#pmed.1001213-Zhang1" target="_blank">[38]</a>.</p>e<p>Other analgesics include: co-codamol, codeine, co-dydramol, dihydrocodeine, NSAIDS, paracetamol, and tramadol.</p

Trends in prescriptions dispensed for co-proxamol and seven other analgesics in England and Wales, 1998–2010.

<p>Trends in prescriptions dispensed for co-proxamol and seven other analgesics in England and Wales, 1998–2010.</p

Deaths in England and Wales from poisoning with co-proxamol and other analgesics, 1998–2010.

<p>Suicide and open verdicts, substances taken alone, with or without alcohol.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Measuring geographical accessibility to palliative and end of life (PEoLC) related facilities: a comparative study in an area with well-developed specialist palliative care (SPC) provision

Sample characteristics and median distances to nearest hospital, care home and hospice. (DOCX 16 kb

Temporo-spatial clusters of possible suicides (suicide, undetermined, and accidental poisoning and hanging) for people 15–34 years.

<p>The temporo-spatial analysis identified several possible clusters across Wales for age group 15 to 34 years. Three of the clusters were centred on the county borough of Bridgend, but only cluster number one was statistically significant (p = 0.029).</p

Mortality statistics for the County Borough of Bridgend by cause of death group (rate per 100,000 population).

<p>The rate of death by cause across time for the County Borough of Bridgend (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071713#pone-0071713-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3a</a>) was considerably more varied than the rate of death by cause across Wales, as might be expected considering the relatively small population of Bridgend. In the all-age rates (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071713#pone-0071713-g003" target="_blank">figure 3a</a>) there was an indication of a peak in accidental deaths by hanging and poisoning in 2008 and some evidence that 15–34 year olds contributed disproportionately to this excess (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071713#pone-0071713-g003" target="_blank">figure 3b</a>). In 15–34 year olds, possible suicides peaked in 2008 (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071713#pone-0071713-g003" target="_blank">figure 3b</a>) with a second smaller peak in 2003.</p

Most likely temporo-spatial clusters of possible suicide in Bridgend and surrounding boroughs 2000–2009.

<p>The three most likely clusters for the age group 15 to 34 years centred on the county borough of Bridgend. The clusters all extended into neighbouring boroughs.</p

Ten year rates of probable suicides (suicides and undetermined deaths) for Welsh Counties 2000–2009.

<p>The geographical variations in rates of probable suicide across Welsh counties 2000 to 2009.</p