The expression of MMP1.

<p><b>(A) Expression of MMP-1 in 3D mono- and co-culture lung cancer models at 48 h detected by ELISA.</b> The expression of MMP1 in HCC & MRC-5 & macrophage co-culture group was higher than that in HCC & MRC-5 co-culture group, or MRC-5/HCC/macrophage mono-culture groups. There was almost no expression of MMP1 in the HCC/macrophage mono-culture group. <b>(B) Expression of MMP-1 in 3D mono- and co-culture lung cancer model at 48 h detected by Western blotting.</b> In Fig 1B, a, the molecular weight of MMP-1 is 52 kD. From the left to right, the lanes are: HCC mono-culture group (2 x 10⁵ cells); MRC-5 mono-culture group (2 x 10⁵ cells); MRC-5 and HCC co-culture group (2 x10⁵ cells); HCC mono-culture group (1 x 10⁶ cells); MRC-5 and HCC co-culture group (1 x 10⁶ cells); MRC-5 mono-culture group (1 x 10⁶ cells). Expression of MMP-1 in co-culture groups was higher than in mono-culture groups (both 2 x 10⁵ cells and 1 x 10⁶ cells). Expression of MMP-1 in the 1 x 10⁶ cell group was higher than the 2 x 10⁵ cell group, regardless of mono-culture or co-culture group designations. In Fig 1B, b, the mean IOD values of the Western blot are shown. <b>(C) Expression of MMP-1 under different co-culture conditions.</b> Expression of MMP1 under 10% FBS and O₂ (10% FBS cell culture medium with O₂) was higher than that under w/o FBS and w/o O₂ (without FBS and without O₂) at 7 different time points. Furthermore, the expression trend of MMP1 under the condition of w/o FBS and w/o O₂ continued to decline from 120 h.</p

The expression of VEGF.

<p><b>(A) Expression of VEGF in HCC, MRC-5, and macrophage mono-cultures groups.</b> Expression of VEGF in the HCC mono-culture group was significantly higher than expression in the MRC-5/macrophage mono-culture group under 10% FBS and O₂ culture conditions. <b>(B) Expression of VEGF in HCC, MRC-5, and macrophage co-culture groups compared with the HCC mono-culture group.</b> Expression of VEGF in the HCC & MRC-5 & Macrophage co-culture group was higher than in the HCC & MRC-5 co-culture group and the HCC mono-culture group cultured with 10% FBS and O₂ for 48 h. <b>(C) Expression of VEGF in HCC, MRC-5, and macrophage co-culture groups under different co-culture conditions.</b> The expression of VEGF in cells cultured w/o FBS (starved of FBS but with O₂), w/o FBS and w/o O₂ (without FBS and without O₂) was higher than that in 10% FBS or O₂ (10% FBS cell culture medium with O₂), while the expression of VEGF in the three different conditions first increased and then decreased.</p

Statistical analysis of the expression of MMP-1 by Western Blot (IOD value).

<p>Statistical analysis of the expression of MMP-1 by Western Blot (IOD value).</p

Statistical analysis of the expression of MMP-1 by ELISA assay (pg/ml).

<p>Statistical analysis of the expression of MMP-1 by ELISA assay (pg/ml).</p

Statistical analysis of the expression of VEGF in HCC, MRC-5, and macrophage mono-culture groups (pg/ml).

<p>Statistical analysis of the expression of VEGF in HCC, MRC-5, and macrophage mono-culture groups (pg/ml).</p

Statistical analysis of the expression of VEGF in HCC, MRC-5, and macrophage co-culture groups under three different co-culture conditions (pg/ml).

<p>Statistical analysis of the expression of VEGF in HCC, MRC-5, and macrophage co-culture groups under three different co-culture conditions (pg/ml).</p

Statistical analysis of the expression of MMP-1 under normal, hypoxic and serum starvation conditions (pg/ml).

<p>Statistical analysis of the expression of MMP-1 under normal, hypoxic and serum starvation conditions (pg/ml).</p