Weight loss as a predictor of poor prognosis in patients hospitalized for COVID-19

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between weight loss and markers of poor prognosis in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the state of Pernambuco. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study coupled with prospective analysis variables involving 71 individuals with COVID-19 admitted for hospitalization in 8 public hospitals in Recife, in the State of Pernambuco. Individuals of both sexes, aged ≥ 20 years, hospitalized from June 2020 to June 2021 were included. Sociodemographic, clinical, and nutritional data and prognostic markers were collected. Results: The average age was 54.6±15.6 years, with 54.9% of individuals being male. It was found that 26.8% of the patients were diabetic and 52.1% were hypertensive. The anthropometric profile indicated that 56.3% were overweight and 5.6% were underweight. Positive screening for sarcopenia was observed in 16.9%. The median weight loss was 3.1% (0.0-6.6%), with a loss > 5% evident in 29.6% of the sample. It was found that weight loss was more frequent in men (16 (41.0%) vs. 5 (15.6%); p = 0.020) and that demographic, clinical, and nutritional variables were not associated with body weight loss. There was no statistical association between weight loss and prognostic variables (p NS). Conclusion: Although the study did not demonstrate an association between weight loss and prognostic variables, this should be considered when assessing patients with COVID-19 and should be investigated and treated as an essential health promotion measure

Prevalência e fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em indivíduos na faixa etária de 25 a 59 anos do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil Prevalencia y factores asociados a la obesidad abdominal en individuos en una franja de edad de 25 a 59 años del estado de Pernambuco, Brasil Prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors among individuals 25 to 59 years of age in Pernambuco State, Brazil

Com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência de obesidade abdominal e avaliar os fatores associados em adultos do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, foi realizado, em 2006, um estudo transversal, de base populacional, envolvendo 1.580 indivíduos na faixa etária de 25-59 anos. A obesidade abdominal foi determinada pela circunferência da cintura &#8805; 80cm para mulheres e &#8805; 94cm para homens. O modelo conceitual considerou variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, reprodutivas e comportamentais. A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi de 27,1% (IC95%: 23,8-30,7) no sexo masculino e 69,9% (IC95%: 66,8-72,8) no feminino (p < 0,001). A análise ajustada revelou maior prevalência em homens a partir de 50 anos, da região metropolitana, de maior renda, ex-fumantes e consumidores de bebidas alcoólicas. Entre as mulheres, foi mais prevalente a partir de 30 anos, em ex-fumantes e naquelas com a primeira gestação antes de 18 anos. Fica evidente a gravidade e a multifatorialidade do problema da adiposidade central no Estado de Pernambuco, além de ser possível destacar que os determinantes da obesidade são diferentes entre os sexos.<br>Con el objetivo de estimar la prevalencia de obesidad abdominal y evaluar los factores asociados en adultos del estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, se realizó, en 2006, un estudio transversal, de base poblacional, involucrando a 1.580 individuos en una franja de edad de 25-59 años. La obesidad abdominal fue determinada por la circunferencia de la cintura &#8805; 80cm para mujeres y &#8805; 94cm para hombres. El modelo conceptual consideró variables socioeconómicas, demográficas, reproductivas y de comportamiento. La prevalencia de obesidad abdominal fue de un 27,1% (IC95%: 23,8-30,7) en el sexo masculino y un 69,9% (IC95%: 66,8-72,8) en el femenino (p < 0,001). El análisis ajustado reveló mayor prevalencia en hombres a partir de 50 años, de la región metropolitana, de mayor renta, ex-fumadores y consumidores de bebidas alcohólicas. Entre las mujeres, fue más prevalente a partir de 30 años, en ex-fumadoras y en aquellas con la primera gestación antes de los 18 años. Es evidente la gravedad y la multifactorialidad del problema de la adiposidad central en el estado de Pernambuco, además de ser destacable que los determinantes de la obesidad son diferentes entre los sexos.<br>In order to estimate the prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated factors in Pernambuco State, Brazil, a cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 2006, including 1,580 adults 25 to 59 years of age. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) &#8805; 80cm in women and &#8805; 94cm in men. The conceptual model included demographic, socioeconomic, reproductive, and behavioral variables. Prevalence of abdominal obesity was 27.1% (95%CI: 23.8-30.7) in males and 69.9% (95%CI: 66.8-72.8) in females (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed higher prevalence in men 50 years or older in the metropolitan area and those with higher income, former smokers, and drinkers. Among women, obesity was more prevalent above 30 years of age, in former smokers, and in women with first pregnancy before age 18. Central adiposity is clearly a multifactor condition in the State of Pernambuco, and the determinants of obesity differ between the sexes

Predictive models for estimating visceral fat: The contribution from anthropometric parameters

<div><p>Background</p><p>Excessive adipose visceral tissue (AVT) represents an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic alterations. The search continues for a highly valid marker for estimating visceral adiposity that is a simple and low cost tool able to screen individuals who are highly at risk of being viscerally obese. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for estimating AVT volume using anthropometric parameters.</p><p>Objective</p><p>Excessive adipose visceral tissue (AVT) represents an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic alterations. The search continues for a highly valid marker for estimating visceral adiposity that is a simple and low cost tool able to screen individuals who are highly at risk of being viscerally obese. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for estimating AVT volume using anthropometric parameters.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A cross-sectional study involving overweight individuals whose AVT was evaluated (using computed tomography–CT), along with the following anthropometric parameters: body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), sagittal diameter (SD), conicity index (CI), neck circumference (NC), neck-to-thigh ratio (NTR), waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR), and body adiposity index (BAI).</p><p>Results</p><p>109 individuals with an average age of 50.3±12.2 were evaluated. The predictive equation developed to estimate AVT in men was AVT = -1647.75 +2.43(AC) +594.74(WHpR) +883.40(CI) (R² adjusted: 64.1%). For women, the model chosen was: AVT = -634.73 +1.49(Age) +8.34(SD) + 291.51(CI) + 6.92(NC) (R² adjusted: 40.4%). The predictive ability of the equations developed in relation to AVT volume determined by CT was 66.9% and 46.2% for males and females, respectively (p<0.001).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>A quick and precise AVT estimate, especially for men, can be obtained using only AC, WHpR, and CI for men, and age, SD, CI, and NC for women. These equations can be used as a clinical and epidemiological tool for overweight individuals.</p></div

Simple linear regression between adipose visceral tissue (AVT) volume determined by the predictive equation and AVT volume obtained using computed tomography (CT) in adult overweight women (p<0.001).

<p>Simple linear regression between adipose visceral tissue (AVT) volume determined by the predictive equation and AVT volume obtained using computed tomography (CT) in adult overweight women (p<0.001).</p

Multiple linear regression coefficients of predicative equations (eq.) for estimating adipose visceral tissue (AVT) in overweight individuals.

<p>Multiple linear regression coefficients of predicative equations (eq.) for estimating adipose visceral tissue (AVT) in overweight individuals.</p

Comparability of the characteristics of the patients included in the study in accordance with sex.

<p>Comparability of the characteristics of the patients included in the study in accordance with sex.</p