Effect of glucosamine on c-jun DNA-binding activity in HPCs stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Glucosamine affects intracellular signalling through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in human chondrocytes"</p><p>http://arthritis-research.com/content/9/5/R104</p><p>Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007;9(5):R104-R104.</p><p>Published online 9 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2212570.</p><p></p> Cells were pretreated with 2.5 and 10 mmol/l glucosamine (G2.5 and G10, respectively) for 2 hours and then stimulated with IL-1β for 15 minutes. Nuclear extract was prepared as described in Materials and methods. Results are expressed as optical density (OD) measured at 450 nm and represent the mean ± standard error of data obtained in six different experiments. *≤ 0.05. CTL, control; HPC, human primary chondrocyte

Effect of glucosamine on MMP-3 expression in lbpva55 cell line stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Glucosamine affects intracellular signalling through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in human chondrocytes"</p><p>http://arthritis-research.com/content/9/5/R104</p><p>Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007;9(5):R104-R104.</p><p>Published online 9 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2212570.</p><p></p> Cells were pretreated for 2 hours with 2.5 or 10 mmol/l glucosamine (G2.5 and G10, respectively), and then stimulated with IL-1β for 22 hours. mRNA was extracted and analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and cell supernatant was analyzed by ELISA. Shown are matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-3 mRNA and MMP-3 protein levels. Quantitative real-time PCR results are expressed in relative arbitrary units (AU) and ELISA results are expressed in ng/ml. Results are expressed as mean ± standard error, obtained in three different experiments. *≤ 0.05. CTL, control

Effect of glucosamine on MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression in HPCs stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Glucosamine affects intracellular signalling through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in human chondrocytes"</p><p>http://arthritis-research.com/content/9/5/R104</p><p>Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007;9(5):R104-R104.</p><p>Published online 9 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2212570.</p><p></p> Cells were pretreated for 2 hours with 2.5 and 10 mmol/l glucosamine (G2.5 and G10, respectively), and then stimulated with IL-1β for 22 hours. mRNA was extracted and analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and cell supernatant was analyzed by ELISA. Shown are matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1 and MMP-13 mRNA levels, and MMP-1 and MMP-13 protein amounts. Quantitative real-time PCR results are expressed in relative arbitrary units (AU) and ELISA results are expressed in ng/ml or pg/ml. Results are expressed as mean ± standard error, obtained in six different experiments. *≤ 0.05. CTL, control; HPC, human primary chondrocyte

Effect of glucosamine MAPK phosphorylation in HPCs stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Glucosamine affects intracellular signalling through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in human chondrocytes"</p><p>http://arthritis-research.com/content/9/5/R104</p><p>Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007;9(5):R104-R104.</p><p>Published online 9 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2212570.</p><p></p> Cells were pretreated for 2 hours with 2.5 or 10 mmol/l glucosamine (G2.5 and G10, respectively), and then stimulated with IL-1β for 15 minutes. Whole cell extract was prepared as described in Materials and methods. Proteins were resolved on SDS-PAGE, electrotransferred and immunoblotted. Antibodies to phosphorylated (p)-c-jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and total JNK, p-p38 and total p38, and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and total ERK1/2 were used to visualize mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Representative data from six independent experiments are shown. CTL, control; HPC, human primary chondrocyte

Effect of glucosamine on MMP-3 expression in HCPs stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Glucosamine affects intracellular signalling through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in human chondrocytes"</p><p>http://arthritis-research.com/content/9/5/R104</p><p>Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007;9(5):R104-R104.</p><p>Published online 9 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2212570.</p><p></p> Cells were pretreated for 2 hours with 2.5 or 10 mmol/l glucosamine (G2.5 and G10, respectively), and then stimulated with IL-1β for 22 hours. mRNA was extracted and analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and cell supernatant was analyzed by ELISA. Shown are matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-3 mRNA level and MMP-3 protein level. Quantitative real-time PCR results are expressed in relative arbitrary units (AU) and ELISA results are expressed in ng/ml. Results are expressed as mean ± standard error, obtained in six different experiments. *≤ 0.05. CTL, control; HPC, human primary chondrocyte

Effect of glucosamine on MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression in lbpva55 cells stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Glucosamine affects intracellular signalling through inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in human chondrocytes"</p><p>http://arthritis-research.com/content/9/5/R104</p><p>Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007;9(5):R104-R104.</p><p>Published online 9 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2212570.</p><p></p> Cells were pretreated for 2 hours with 2.5 or 10 mmol/l glucosamine (G2.5 and G10, respectively), and then stimulated with IL-1β for 22 hours. mRNA was extracted and analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, and cell supernatant was analyzed by ELISA. Shown are matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1 and MMP-13 mRNA levels, and MMP-1 and MMP-13 protein amounts. Quantitative real-time PCR results are expressed in relative arbitrary units (AU), and ELISA results are expressed in ng/ml or pg/ml. Results are expressed as mean ± standard error, obtained in three different experiments. *≤ 0.05. CTL, control