Overview of network properties and analysis.

<p>(a) Histogram of correlation coefficients (i.e. edge weights) for each group. (b) Schematic diagram of a simple network with a semi-metric connection between nodes 1 and 2 (dashed edge) due to a shorter indirect path comprising edges between nodes 2 and 3 and 3 and 1 (solid edges). (c) The distribution of number of edges for semi-metric paths for each group. (d) Proximity matrices averaged across participants, for each group. (e) Axial projections of metric and semi-metric backbones for the control group. The thickness of the edges represents the percentage of participants within each group with a semi-metric edge at that location, with percentages > 90% omitted.</p

Semi-metric percentages and backbones.

<p>(a) Sagittal, axial and coronal projections of nodes coloured according to the modules in which they are contained. (b) Between-group comparisons (patient groups relative to controls) for whole brain, left and right hemisphere SMP displayed as box-and-whisker plots identifying the median by the central line, the 25^th and 75^th percentile ranges by the limits of the box, and the minimum and maximum range (excluding outliers) by the limits of the whiskers. Outliers are individually displayed and defined as values >1.5 the interquartile range from the 25% and 75% quartiles. (c) Sagittal projections of the left and right hemispheres of the semi-metric backbones for each group. The thickness of the edges represents the percentage of participants within each group with a semi-metric edge at that location, with percentages > 90% omitted.</p

Whole brain task effects: Statistical Parametric Maps overlaid on MNI template brain showing regions that show significant activation during successful encoding (subsequent hits versus subsequent misses, panel A) or successful retrieval (hits versus misse

<p>SPMs are thresholded at p&lt;0.001 uncorrected for multiple comparisons for display purposes. However, peak voxels survive at FWE p&lt;0.05 corrected for multiple comparisons.</p

Scatterplots showing correlations between activation during successful retrieval (hits – correct rejections beta value – y axis) in right hippocampus and memory performance (d′ – x axis) in met carriers (left panel) and val homozygotes (right panel).

<p>Scatterplots showing correlations between activation during successful retrieval (hits – correct rejections beta value – y axis) in right hippocampus and memory performance (d′ – x axis) in met carriers (left panel) and val homozygotes (right panel).</p

Demographic characteristics of the participants.

<p>SD = standard deviation</p><p>Demographic characteristics of the participants.</p

Node degree and node disruption indices.

<p>Sagittal, axial and coronal projections (left-to-right) of nodes for comparisons of node degree in the semi-metric network for each between-group comparisons: (a) ASC vs. controls; (b) MDD vs controls. The radius of the node is proportional to the average degree difference and the colour denotes the direction of the effect; red indicating increases and green decreases, relative to controls. Plots of the difference in mean degree between (c) ASC and (d) MDD, and controls against mean degree for controls, for the semi-metric network. Node disruption indices are defined as the slope of the regression lines, plotted on each graph.</p

Mean beta values for hits, misses and correct rejections during the retrieval phase in right hippocampus by BDNF Val66Met genotype.

<p>Error bars represent SEM.</p

Time-domain ERN results.

<p>Panel A: Waveforms for correct (grey) and error (black) responses (FCz), for each group. Panel B: ERN wave for the three genetic groups. Panel C: Topographic plots of the ERN peak (40–100 ms). Electrode FCz is marked with disk.</p

Anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortex grey matter volumes.

<p>Panel A: Met/Met vs Val/Val contrast. Significant cluster are rendered onto an average brain in MNI standard space. Panel B: Extracted anterior cingulate grey matter volume for each group. Panel C: Extracted prefrontal cortex (left) grey matter volume for each group. Bars represent standard error.</p

Topographic plots of power in the theta frequency band.

<p>Graph represents averaged values for central, frontal, temporal and parieto-occipital regions, per each genetic group. Bars represent standard error. * p&lt;0.05;° p&lt;0.06 according to post-hoc Tukey-Kramer comparisons (Val/Met vs Val/Val).</p