The correlation between MFC and HbA1c.

<p>The correlation between proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy measured muscle fat content (MFC) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the 287 overweight/obese children and adolescents: R² = 0.07, <i>p</i> = 0.04.</p

Associations between baseline BMI SDS, body composition indices and lipid concentrations in 469 children and adolescents with overweight/obesity.

<p>Associations between baseline BMI SDS, body composition indices and lipid concentrations in 469 children and adolescents with overweight/obesity.</p

The correlation between LFC and HbA1c.

<p>The correlation between proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy measured liver fat content (LFC) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the 287 overweight/obese children and adolescents: R² = 0.09, <i>p</i> = 0.004.</p

Baseline characteristics of 287 overweight/obese (cases) and 40 lean (controls) children and adolescents.

<p>Data are presented as medians (interquartile range) due to a non-normal distribution. BMI, body mass index; diaBP, diastolic blood pressure; EMCL, extramyocellular lipid content; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HDL, high density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IMCL, intramyocellular lipid content; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LFC, liver fat content; MFC, muscle fat content; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue volume; SDS, standard deviation score; sysBP, systolic blood pressure; VAT, visceral adipose tissue volume.</p><p>Baseline characteristics of 287 overweight/obese (cases) and 40 lean (controls) children and adolescents.</p

Associations between changes in BMI SDS and body composition variables.

<p>Plots showing the correlation between changes in BMI SDS and changes in ¿ SDS, ¿, %TBF, FFMI SDS, and FFMI. BMI: body mass index. ¿: total body fat percentage. %TBF: truncal body fat percentage. FFMI: fat free mass index. SDS: standard deviation score.</p

Baseline associations between BMI SDS and body composition variables.

<p>Plots of BMI SDS versus ¿ SDS, ¿, %TBF, FFMI SDS, and FFMI at baseline. BMI: body mass index. SDS: standard deviation score. ¿: total body fat percentage. %TBF: truncal body fat percentage. FFMI: fat free mass index.</p

Childhood obesity treatment; Effects on BMI SDS, body composition, and fasting plasma lipid concentrations

<div><p>Objective</p><p>The body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) may not adequately reflect changes in fat mass during childhood obesity treatment. This study aimed to investigate associations between BMI SDS, body composition, and fasting plasma lipid concentrations at baseline and during childhood obesity treatment.</p><p>Methods</p><p>876 children and adolescents (498 girls) with overweight/obesity, median age 11.2 years (range 1.6–21.7), and median BMI SDS 2.8 (range 1.3–5.7) were enrolled in a multidisciplinary outpatient treatment program and followed for a median of 1.8 years (range 0.4–7.4). Height and weight, body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and fasting plasma lipid concentrations were assessed at baseline and at follow-up. Lipid concentrations (total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, and triglycerides (TG)) were available in 469 individuals (264 girls). Linear regressions were performed to investigate the associations between BMI SDS, body composition indices, and lipid concentrations.</p><p>Results</p><p>At baseline, BMI SDS was negatively associated with concentrations of HDL (<i>p</i> = 6.7*10⁻⁴) and positively with TG (<i>p</i> = 9.7*10⁻⁶). Reductions in BMI SDS were associated with reductions in total body fat percentage (<i>p</i><2*10⁻¹⁶) and percent truncal body fat (<i>p</i><2*10⁻¹⁶). Furthermore, reductions in BMI SDS were associated with improvements in concentrations of TC, LDL, HDL, non-HDL, LDL/HDL-ratio, and TG (all p <0.0001). Changes in body fat percentage seemed to mediate the changes in plasma concentrations of TC, LDL, and non-HDL, but could not alone explain the changes in HDL, LDL/HDL-ratio or TG. Among 81 individuals with available lipid concentrations, who increased their BMI SDS, 61% improved their body composition, and 80% improved their lipid concentrations.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Reductions in the degree of obesity during multidisciplinary childhood obesity treatment are accompanied by improvements in body composition and fasting plasma lipid concentrations. Even in individuals increasing their BMI SDS, body composition and lipid concentrations may improve.</p></div

Associations between changes in body composition and changes in fasting lipid concentrations in 301 children and youths with overweight/obesity.

<p>Associations between changes in body composition and changes in fasting lipid concentrations in 301 children and youths with overweight/obesity.</p

Characteristics at baseline and follow-up in patients reducing or increasing their BMI SDS.

<p>Characteristics at baseline and follow-up in patients reducing or increasing their BMI SDS.</p

Characteristics at baseline and at follow-up of the patients included in the study.

<p>Characteristics at baseline and at follow-up of the patients included in the study.</p