On a semilinear elliptic boundary value problem for degenerate pseudodifferential equations

International audienc

Sex Ratio at Birth in Vietnam: Results From Data in CHILILAB HDSS, 2004 to 2013

This study aimed to explore the association of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and imbalanced sex ratio at birth (SRB) in Chi Linh district, Hai Duong. The data were collected from a longitudinal study using a community-based periodic, referred as Chi Linh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (CHILILAB HDSS) during 2004 to 2013. A total of 7568 children were analyzed. Results showed that SRB in Chi Linh dramatically increased to the imbalanced sex ratio (114.6 boys to 100 girls) by 2013. SRB was associated with birth order and sex of preceding siblings. SRB was extremely high among families without any sons (136/100). SRB was highest among families having third or more children (175/100). Imbalanced SRB was more likely to occur among women working in small business/homemakers and others, women who attained high education level, and women in wealthy households. We suggested further efforts to tackle imbalanced SRB in periurban areas in Vietnam

On a semilinear boundary value problem for degenerate parabolic pseudodifferential equations

International audienc

Projection-iteration methods for solving nonlinear operator equations

SIGLEITItal

ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH HÌNH THỰC HIỆN CÔNG TÁC CẤP GIẤY CHỨNG NHẬN QUYỀN SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT CHO HỘ GIA ĐÌNH, CÁ NHÂN TẠI HUYỆN KRÔNG BUK, TỈNH ĐẮK LẮK

This study focuses on implementing land-use-right certificates (LUCs) to households and individuals in the Krong Buk district as a basis for proposing solutions to improve land management. The primary and secondary data collection, comparison and statistical analysis methods were applied in this research. In the period between 2016 and 2019, the district issued 5,171 LUCs, corresponding to an area of 4,082.6 ha. The number of LUCs and the LUCs-granted area increased continuously from 1,333 LUCs (970.1 ha) in 2016 to 1,552 LUCs (1,101.1 ha) in 2018. However, it decreased dramatically in 2019 to 862 LUCs (544.58 ha). According to the results from the survey of households and individuals, almost all the land users expressed their satisfaction with issuing LUCs. To improve the effectiveness of the land-use-right certification issuance in the district, we proposed four specific groups of solutions.Nghiên cứu này tập trung phân tích tình hình thực hiện công tác cấp Giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất cho hộ gia đình, cá nhân tại huyện Krông Buk để làm cơ sở đề xuất được các giải pháp hoàn thiện công tác quản lý đất đai. Các phương pháp nghiên cứu bao gồm: thu thập số liệu sơ cấp và thứ cấp, so sánh và xử lý thống kê số liệu. Trong giai đoạn 2016–2019, huyện đã tiến hành cấp 5.171 Giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất cho 4.082,6 ha. Số lượng và diện tích được cấp Giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất có xu hướng tăng lên từ năm 2016 gồm 1.333 Giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất với 970,1 ha đến năm 2018 gồm 1.552 Giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất và 1.101,1 ha. Tuy nhiên, số lượng giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất vào năm 2019 giảm mạnh xuống còn 862 cho 544.58 ha. Theo kết quả từ khảo sát hộ gia đình cá nhân, hầu hết người dân đều thể hiện sự hài lòng với công tác cấp Giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất. Để nâng cao hiệu quả công tác cấp Giấy chứng nhận quyền sử dụng đất cho hộ gia đình, cá nhân trên địa bàn huyện Krông Buk, nghiên cứu đã đề xuất bốn nhóm giải pháp cụ thể

Assessment of Bowel Wall Enhancement for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Ischemia in Patients with Small Bowel Obstruction: Value of Adding Unenhanced CT to Contrast-enhanced CT

International audiencePurpose To determine whether adding unenhanced computed tomography (CT) to contrast material-enhanced CT improves the diagnostic performance of decreased bowel wall enhancement as a sign of ischemia complicating mechanical small bowel obstruction (SBO). Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, which waived the requirement for informed consent. Two gastrointestinal radiologists independently performed retrospective assessments of 164 unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT studies from 158 consecutive patients (mean age, 71.2 years) with mechanical SBO. The reference standard was the intraoperative and/or histologic diagnosis (in 80 cases) or results from clinical follow-up in patients who did not undergo surgery (84 cases). Decreased bowel wall enhancement was evaluated with contrast-enhanced images then and both unenhanced and contrast-enhanced images 1 month later. Diagnostic performance of decreased bowel wall enhancement and confidence in the diagnosis were compared between the two readings by using McNemar and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Interobserver agreement was assessed by using κ statistics and compared with bootstrapping. Results Ischemia was diagnosed in 41 of 164 (25%) episodes of SBO. For both observers, adding unenhanced images improved decreased bowel wall enhancement sensitivity (observer 1: 46.3% [19 of 41] vs 65.8% [27 of 41], P = .02; observer 2: 56.1% [23 of 41] vs 63.4% [26 of 41], P = .45), Youden index (from 0.41 to 0.58 for observer 1 and from 0.42 to 0.61 for observer 2), and confidence score (P < .001 for both). Specificity significantly increased for observer 2 (84.5% [104 of 123] vs 94.3% [116 of 123], P = .002), and interobserver agreement significantly increased, from moderate (κ = 0.48) to excellent (κ = 0.89; P < .0001). Conclusion Adding unenhanced CT to contrast-enhanced CT improved the sensitivity, diagnostic confidence, and interobserver agreement of the diagnosis of ischemia, a complication of mechanical SBO, on the basis of decreased bowel wall enhancement. (©) RSNA, 2016

&alpha;-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antimicrobial Benzoylphloroglucinols from Garcinia schomburgakiana Fruits: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

&alpha;-Glucosidase plays a role in hydrolyzing complex carbohydrates into glucose, which is easily absorbed, causing postprandial hyperglycemia. Inhibition of &alpha;-glucosidase is therefore an ideal approach to preventing this condition. A novel polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol, which we named schomburgkianone I (1), was isolated from the fruit of Garcinia schomburgkiana, along with an already-reported compound, guttiferone K (2). The structures of the two compounds were determined using NMR and HRESIMS analysis, and comparisons were made with previous studies. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent &alpha;-glucosidase inhibition (IC50s of 21.2 and 34.8 &micro;M, respectively), outperforming the acarbose positive control. Compound 1 produced wide zones of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium (of 21 and 20 mm, respectively), compared with the 19 and 20 mm zones of compound 2, at a concentration of 50 &micro;g/mL. The MIC value of compound 1 against S. aureus was 13.32 &micro;M. An in silico molecular docking model suggested that both compounds are potent inhibitors of enzyme &alpha;-glucosidase and are therefore leading candidates as therapies for diabetes mellitus