Review Curriculum Evaluation of Physical Education Specialty Under the Perspective of Teacher Training Certification

The purpose of this study was to summarize the main body, content, method and application effects of physical education curriculum evaluation, to understand the current situation of physical education curriculum evaluation in China, and to construct an evaluation index system based on teacher training professional certification. The Chinese and English databases were searched by systematic evaluation, and the retrieval time was from December 31, 2018. The research literature that met the standard were included, and qualitative analysis was conducted by subject analysis method. A total of 100 studies were included, most of which summarized the concept, content and subject of physical education curriculum evaluation in different historical backgrounds. It has the following characteristics: The main body of evaluation is diversified, but it is still dominated by teachers\u27 and administrative departments\u27 top-down evaluation. The content of evaluation is diversified, but the homogenization is serious, and the essential problem of course evaluation is not explained enough yet. Evaluation methods are diversified, but there are few methods combining information technology and cross-boundary evaluation. Based on the three core concepts of teachers\u27 professional certification, the evaluation standard is established. With the student-oriented concept, establish the evaluation subject, content, method and means; Taking output orientation as the concept, integrate various methods or means to improve the quality of teaching and student training; Build a developmental evaluation system and promote the continuous improvement of physical education curriculum system

Study on controlling factors and developing a quantitative assessment model for spontaneous combustion hazard of coal gangue

Developing a quantitative hazard assessment model for spontaneous coal gangue combustion is imperative to ensuring the safety of coal mining operations. In this study, eight types of coal gangue from different coalfields were used to determine the controlling factors for spontaneous combustion. A variety of physical and chemical characterization methods were employed to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples. Based on the experimental results, six key parameters were identified, namely the aliphatic C–H components, pyrite sulfur content, physical oxygen absorption capacity, ash content, ignition point temperature, and activation energy for thermal decomposition. The results show that the spontaneous combustion hazard of coal gangue is positively correlated with the first three of these and is negatively correlated with the rest. Using the entropy-weight method combined with the analytic hierarchy process, appropriate weighting factors for each parameter were obtained and used to establish a quantitative assessment model for the spontaneous combustion hazard of coal gangue. This model is expected to enhance the current industrial best practices for the prevention and control of spontaneous coal gangue combustion

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O on CuO/TiO2 catalysts

Carbon dioxide was photocatalytically reduced to produce methanol and ethanol in the presence of CuO-loaded titania powders suspended in water containing Na2SO3 as the hole scavenger. The photocatalysts were synthesized by an impregnation method using P25 (Degussa) as support. At the optimum amount of copper oxide loading (3 wt%), the methanol and ethanol yields were 12.5 and 27.1 mu mol/g-catal., respectively, following 6 h of UV illumination. The redistribution of photogenerated charge carriers in CuO/TiO2 facilitates electron trapping and prohibits the recombination of electrons and holes, which significantly increases photoefficiency. The addition of Na2SO3 promotes the formation of ethanol.</p

Ionothermal/hydrothermal synthesis of the ternary metal chalcogenide ZnIn2S4

The ternary metal chalcogenide ZnIn2S4 was synthesized through the ionothermal/hydrothermal method using the ionic liquid [Bmim][BF4]]. The crystal structure and surface chemical state of the product were confirmed by X-ray diffractometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A small amount of water was essential for the obtaining of yellow ZnIn2S4 product. ZnIn2S4 with a hexagonal phase was obtained in a wide range of [Bmim][BF4]:water ratios of 9.3 ml:(0.1-5 ml). The size and morphology of the synthesized samples were strongly affected by the aid of [Bmim][BF4], the amount of water, the zinc source, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The ZnIn2S4 showed different visible light absorption ranges when the water content of the reaction mixture was varied. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Effects of Basic Promoters on the Catalytic Performance of Cu/SiO2 in the Hydrogenation of Dimethyl Maleate

Continuous hydrogenation of dimethyl maleate (DMM) to&gamma;-butyrolactone (GBL), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a promising process in industry. In this study, Cu-M/SiO2 catalysts modified by basic promoters (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, La) were prepared, and characterized by physical adsorption of N2, in situ XRD, H2-TPR, CO2-TPD. With the addition of basic promoters, the basicity of Cu-M/SiO2 catalysts was improved. The particle size of CuO on Cu-M/SiO2 catalyst was increased after modified by Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba. However, the CuO particle was decreased on the Cu-La/SiO2 catalyst. The series of Cu-M/SiO2 catalyst was applied to the hydrogenation of DMM. The addition of basic promoters increased the selectivity of GBL during the hydrogenation for the basic promoters improved the dehydrogenation of BDO to GBL in alkaline sites. Furthermore, Cu-La/SiO2 presented a higher activity in the hydrogenation of DMM, due to its higher dispersion of Cu

J. Renew. Sustain. Energy

With the dramatic increasing of economy, the conflict between the lack of petroleum resource and sharply increasing demand for gasoline and diesel has restricted the continuous development of economy and energy of our world. The catalytic conversion of C9 aromatics into clean fuel was studied in our laboratory using hydrotreating catalysts which were prepared by new synthesis technologies that combine vacuum-impregnation and temperature-programmed calcinations. Characterization results indicate that these catalysts have a high surface area, and the activity sites dispersed well on the supporter. Hydrogenation performance of reaction conditions was carried out in two-stage fixed beds. Products of gasoline (&lt;180 degrees C) and diesel (180-360 degrees C) fractions were separated from intermediate products via distillation, and the analysis results demonstrate that S/N content, density, and viscosity decreased. However, the H/C molar ratio increased. The main reactions of isomerization, disproportionation, and dealkylation occurred during the conversion of C9 aromatics and the activity order accorded the mechanism of carbenium ion reaction. This study indicates that C9 aromatics could be considerably upgraded through catalytic hydroprocessing to high-quality fuel in the presence of high-performance catalysts and appropriate reaction conditions. Thus, they are promising catalytic technologies and materials. Furthermore, the products could substitute gasoline and diesel partly. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.With the dramatic increasing of economy, the conflict between the lack of petroleum resource and sharply increasing demand for gasoline and diesel has restricted the continuous development of economy and energy of our world. The catalytic conversion of C9 aromatics into clean fuel was studied in our laboratory using hydrotreating catalysts which were prepared by new synthesis technologies that combine vacuum-impregnation and temperature-programmed calcinations. Characterization results indicate that these catalysts have a high surface area, and the activity sites dispersed well on the supporter. Hydrogenation performance of reaction conditions was carried out in two-stage fixed beds. Products of gasoline (<180 degrees C) and diesel (180-360 degrees C) fractions were separated from intermediate products via distillation, and the analysis results demonstrate that S/N content, density, and viscosity decreased. However, the H/C molar ratio increased. The main reactions of isomerization, disproportionation, and dealkylation occurred during the conversion of C9 aromatics and the activity order accorded the mechanism of carbenium ion reaction. This study indicates that C9 aromatics could be considerably upgraded through catalytic hydroprocessing to high-quality fuel in the presence of high-performance catalysts and appropriate reaction conditions. Thus, they are promising catalytic technologies and materials. Furthermore, the products could substitute gasoline and diesel partly. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC

Research Progress on Stress–Fracture–Seepage Characteristics for Hazard Prevention in Mine Goafs: A Review

Large-scale coal mining has created many goaf areas, which have become one of the most frequent sources of mine hazards. Investigations on the stress–fracture–seepage characteristics around goafs could help with identifying and controlling goaf-area hazards. Scholars have conducted theoretical analyses, similar simulation experiments, numerical simulations, and field measurements to analyze the multifield coupling development of mining stopes, including the stress variations, fracture advancement, and permeability-change characteristics. In the longwall-mining process, a stress-relief zone is formed above the goaf area, while a stress-concentration zone is formed in the adjacent coal seams. Mining-stope fracture goes through a process of stress-relief expansion, stress-recovery closure, and end-fracture expansion. The permeability of coal rock in mining stopes rises in all directions with the increase in the fracturing ratio. Further studies could concentrate on the distribution characteristics of the abutment pressure around the goaf area. A permeability model based on the coupling of the coal stress, damage, gas adsorption, and desorption is expected to be established to improve the accuracy of the permeability prediction and seepage analysis at the boundary of the goaf area. Relevant studies could provide better theoretical guidance for preventing hazards, such as gas-related incidents and coal spontaneous combustion in the goaf, as well as for the stability control of the goaf boundary