Graph-Skeleton: ~1% Nodes are Sufficient to Represent Billion-Scale Graph

Due to the ubiquity of graph data on the web, web graph mining has become a hot research spot. Nonetheless, the prevalence of large-scale web graphs in real applications poses significant challenges to storage, computational capacity and graph model design. Despite numerous studies to enhance the scalability of graph models, a noticeable gap remains between academic research and practical web graph mining applications. One major cause is that in most industrial scenarios, only a small part of nodes in a web graph are actually required to be analyzed, where we term these nodes as target nodes, while others as background nodes. In this paper, we argue that properly fetching and condensing the background nodes from massive web graph data might be a more economical shortcut to tackle the obstacles fundamentally. To this end, we make the first attempt to study the problem of massive background nodes compression for target nodes classification. Through extensive experiments, we reveal two critical roles played by the background nodes in target node classification: enhancing structural connectivity between target nodes, and feature correlation with target nodes. Followingthis, we propose a novel Graph-Skeleton1 model, which properly fetches the background nodes, and further condenses the semantic and topological information of background nodes within similar target-background local structures. Extensive experiments on various web graph datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. In particular, for MAG240M dataset with 0.24 billion nodes, our generated skeleton graph achieves highly comparable performance while only containing 1.8% nodes of the original graph.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, In Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2024 (WWW'24

Are trans diagnostic models of eating disorders fit for purpose? A consideration of the evidence for food addiction

To investigate the diversity of butane-oxidizing bacteria in soils contaminated by long-term light hydrocarbon microseepage and the influence of butane on the soil microbial community, a quantitative study and identification of butane-oxidizing bacteria (BOB) in soils at the Puguang gas field were performed by DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP). For the first time, two phylotypes corresponding to the genera Giesbergeria and Ramlibacter were identified as being directly involved in butane oxidation, in addition to the well-known light hydrocarbon degrader Pseudomonas. Furthermore, bmoX genes were strongly labeled by 13C-butane, and their abundances in gas field soils increased by 43.14-, 17.39-, 21.74-, and 30.14-fold when incubated with butane for 6, 9, 12, and 14 days, respectively, indicating that these bmoX-harboring bacteria could use butane as the sole carbon and energy source and they play an important role in butane degradation. We also found that the addition of butane rapidly shaped the bacterial community and reduced the diversity of bmoX genes in the gas field soils. These findings improve our understanding of BOB in the gas field environment and reveal the potential for their applications in petroleum exploration and bioremediation

Novel Butane-Oxidizing Bacteria and Diversity of bmoX Genes in Puguang Gas Field

To investigate the diversity of butane-oxidizing bacteria in soils contaminated by long-term light hydrocarbon microseepage and the influence of butane on the soil microbial community, a quantitative study and identification of butane-oxidizing bacteria (BOB) in soils at the Puguang gas field were performed by DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP). For the first time, two phylotypes corresponding to the genera Giesbergeria and Ramlibacter were identified as being directly involved in butane oxidation, in addition to the well-known light hydrocarbon degrader Pseudomonas. Furthermore, bmoX genes were strongly labeled by 13C-butane, and their abundances in gas field soils increased by 43.14-, 17.39-, 21.74-, and 30.14-fold when incubated with butane for 6, 9, 12, and 14 days, respectively, indicating that these bmoX-harboring bacteria could use butane as the sole carbon and energy source and they play an important role in butane degradation. We also found that the addition of butane rapidly shaped the bacterial community and reduced the diversity of bmoX genes in the gas field soils. These findings improve our understanding of BOB in the gas field environment and reveal the potential for their applications in petroleum exploration and bioremediation

Role of SAM68 in Sunitinib Induced Renal Cell Carcinoma Apoptosis

Sunitinib is one of the first-line targeted drugs for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with dual effects of antiangiogensis and proapoptosis. Sam68 (Src-associated in mitosis, 68 KDa), is found being involved in cell apoptosis. This article reveals that Sam68 impacts the sensitivity to sunitinib by mediating the apoptosis of RCC cells. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the Sam68 expression levels in sunitinib sensitive tumor tissues were markedly higher than those in sunitinib resistant tumor tissues. Sunitinib induced RCC cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner and inhibited the expression of total and phosphorylated Sam68 (p-Sam68). Downregulation of Sam68 expression inhibited RCC cell apoptosis induced by sunitinib. While upregulation of Sam68 expression could enhance apoptosis induced by sunitinib. Xenograft models showed that tumors in the Sam68-knockdown group did not shrink as much as those in the control group after treatment with sunitinib for 4 weeks. Together, our results suggest that Sam68 expression is associated with the sensitivity of ccRCC patients to sunitinib. Sam68 may promote cell apoptosis induced by sunitinib, and the Sam68 expression level may be a biomarker for predicting sunitinib sensitivity in ccRCC patients

Effect of alkaline microwaving pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and biogas production of swine manure

Microwave assisted with alkaline (MW-A) condition was applied in the pretreatment of swine manure, and the effect of the pretreatment on anaerobic treatment and biogas production was evaluated in this study. The two main microwaving (MW) parameters, microwaving power and reaction time, were optimized for the pretreatment. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of alkaline microwaving process for manure pretreatment at various values of pH and energy input. Results showed that the manure disintegration degree was maximized of 63.91% at energy input of 54 J/g and pH of 12.0, and variance analysis indicated that pH value played a more important role in the pretreatment than in energy input. Anaerobic digestion results demonstrated that MW-A pretreatment not only significantly increased cumulative biogas production, but also shortened the duration for a stable biogas production rate. Therefore, the alkaline microwaving pretreatment could become an alternative process for effective treatment of swine manure

A Low-Cost and Efficient Indoor Fusion Localization Method

Accurate indoor location information has considerable social and economic value in applications, such as pedestrian heatmapping and indoor navigation. Ultrasonic-based approaches have received significant attention mainly since they have advantages in terms of positioning with temporal correlation. However, it is a great challenge to gain accurate indoor localization due to complex indoor environments such as non-uniform indoor facilities. To address this problem, we propose a fusion localization method in the indoor environment that integrates the localization information of inertial sensors and acoustic signals. Meanwhile, the threshold scheme is used to eliminate outliers during the positioning process. In this paper, the estimated location is fused by the adaptive distance weight for the time difference of arrival (TDOA) estimation and improved pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) estimation. Three experimental scenes have been developed. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has higher localization accuracy in determining the pedestrian location than the state-of-the-art methods. It resolves the problem of outliers in indoor acoustic signal localization and cumulative errors in inertial sensors. The proposed method achieves better performance in the trade-off between localization accuracy and low cost

Microstructural characteristics of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation shale, Songliao Basin

To research the characteristics and petroleum geological significance of micro pores, this paper uses Second Electron Microscope (SEM) and secondary SEM imaging capability in Field Emission SEM (FE-SEM) to characterize shale from the first member of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin. There are five major pore types in the shale, including matrix intercrystal, organic, dissolution, interparticle, and intracrystalline pores. In addition, there are a mass of micro-fractures of micron-submicron (nano-) scale, including dissolution, filled and interlayer fractures. The existence of complex fracture-pore systems provides an effective pathway for primary migration and it also provides ample storage space for the residual petroleum in shale, which is important for the primary migration and storage for shale oil and gas resources. Key words: Songliao Basin, shale, micro pore structure, micro fracture, reservoi

Examining pre-service teachers' knowledge of teaching multimodal literacies : a validation of a TPACK survey

Several studies have been undertaken to develop instruments to measure English teachers’ TPACK, but few studies have measured English teachers’ TPACK to develop meaningful relationships among technology, content, and pedagogy in the context whereby literacy should be associated with a range of semiotic modes beyond the written language. The interactions with a wider range of texts across modes, media and contexts point to the need for an instrument that can measure English teachers’ TPACK in the context of teaching multimodal literacies. In this study, we investigated what factors and items were necessary for examining pre-service teachers’ TPACK in multimodal literacy teaching. The proposed TPACK instrument was validated with 220 pre-service teachers across three institutions in Indonesia, China, and Australia. The study shows that the proposed eight-factor instrument generally expressed acceptable validity and reliability and was appropriate for assessing pre-service teachers’ TPACK for multimodal literacies. Implications and further research are discussed with the aim of equipping pre-service teachers with the capabilities to integrate content, pedagogy, technology and understand the complex interdependence of contextually bound factors that influence their classroom readiness in teaching multimodal literacies

Melamine sponge loading improves the separation performance of magnetic hydroxyapatite for Pb(Ⅱ) adsorption

Magnetic materials as adsorbents for wastewater treatment have attracted considerable attention because of the ease of separation of adsorbents for reuse. However, the efficient separation of magnetic materials, particularly nanoscale materials, remains challenging. Therefore, in this study, we developed an innovative method to enhance the separation performance of magnetic hydroxyapatite (MP) using melamine sponge (MS) loading. It was found that, although the magnetic moments of MP decreased from 15.54 emu/g to 11.51 emu/g after MS loading, MS-loaded MP (MPMS) exhibited better magnetic separation performance than MP. The analysis of adsorption isotherms suggests that the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of Pb2+ at an initial pH of 4.85 using MPMS was 139.28 mg/g. Combined with adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics analysis, adsorption was categorized as a chemical, heterogeneous, and endothermic process. Moreover, in the adsorption mechanism, cation exchange, electrostatic interaction, dissolution/precipitation, and surface complexation mechanisms contributed 70.96%, 4.39%, 6.10%, and 18.55%, respectively, to the total Pb2+ removal under the experimental conditions. Hence, we provide a quick and low-cost solution for enhancing the downstream separation of magnetic adsorbents for reuse