376 research outputs found
Pyrimidine-thioindole inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation via up-regulation of expression of tumor suppressor miR-145
Purpose: To investigate the effect of pyrimidine-thioindole on gastric cancer proliferation and the underlying mechanism of action. Methods: Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using MTT assay and Annexin V/PI assay, respectively. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the determination of expression levels of miR-145, while protein expression levels were assayed by western blotting. Results: Pyrimidine-thioindole treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of AGS and SNU-5 cells (p < 0.05), but had no effect on the viability of GES-1 cells. Exposure to pyrimidine-thioindole at doses of 8 and 10 µM significantly enhanced the apoptosis of AGS and SNU-5 cells (p < 0.05). Pyrimidinethioindole exposure markedly increased the proportions of AGS and SNU-5 cells in G1 phase (p < 0.05). In AGS and SNU-5 cell lines, pyrimidine-thioindole exposure at doses of 8 and 10 µM significantly upregulated the expression of miR-145, with higher enhancement of miR-145 expression in AGS cells than in SNU-5 cells. Moreover, pyrimidine-thioindole downregulated the expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, c-Myc, p-PI3K and p-AKT in AGS and SNU-5 cells. Pyrimidine-thioindole treatment enhanced the expression of p21 in AGS and SNU-5 cells, relative to untreated cells (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that pyrimidine-thioindole activates apoptotic signaling pathway, leading to reduction in cell proliferation and arrest of cell cycle. Moreover, it de-activates PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes miR-145 expression in AGS and SNU-5 cells. Thus, pyrimidine-thioindole has therapeutic significance for the management of gastric cancer
Uniqueness of isometric immersions with the same mean curvature
Motivated by the quasi-local mass problem in general relativity, we study the
rigidity of isometric immersions with the same mean curvature into a warped
product space. As a corollary of our main result, two star-shaped hypersurfaces
in a spatial Schwarzschild or AdS-Schwarzschild manifold with nonzero mass
differ only by a rotation if they are isometric and have the same mean
curvature. We also give similar results if the mean curvature condition is
replaced by an -curvature condition.Comment: 23 pages, introduction revised, references update
Efficient quantum compression for identically prepared states with arbitrary dimentional
In this paper, we present an efficient quantum compression method for
identically prepared states with arbitrary dimentional
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