Characteristics of the study population.

<p>Characteristics of the study population.</p

Logistic regression analysis of SNPs in ARMS2 and HTRA1 between AMD and PCV.

<p>P value and OR (95%CI) of rs10490924 and rs11200638 after adjusting for the following SNPs.</p

Effect of wild-type ARMS2 and rs10490924 on the tube formation of RF/6A cells.

<p>PReceiver-M29-Basic plasmid-treated RF/6A cells (A), wild-type ARMS2 plasmid-treated cells RF/6A cells (B) and rs10490924 plasmid -treated RF/6A cells (C) were plated on Matrigel as described in Methods. After 24 h of incubation, the three groups cells formed well organized capillary-like structures. Values are the means±SD of at least three independent experiments. There are no significant differenence during the three groups (D, p>0.05). Abbreviations: wild-type ARMS2 plasmid-treated cells (WT); rs10490924 plasmid -treated cells (G270T); pReceiver-M29-Basic plasmid-treated cells (Vector).</p

Effect of wild-type ARMS2 and rs10490924 on the apoptosis of human RPE cells.

<p>Apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry measured by Annexin V and PI staining. Data are presented as mean±SEM.Each experiment was repeated at least three independent times. DMEM+10%FBS control was set to 100%.*P<0.05. UR: late apoptotic cells; LR: early apoptotic cells, UR+LR: apoptotic cells. Abbreviations: wild-type ARMS2 plasmid-treated cells (WT); rs10490924 plasmid -treated cells (G270T); pReceiver-M29-Basic plasmid-treated cells (Vector).</p

Summary of flow cytomery data of apoSptosis measured by Annexin V and PI.

<p>Summary of flow cytomery data of apoSptosis measured by Annexin V and PI.</p

Polymorphisms in the <i>ARMS2</i> gene lesion: Distribution and Genotypes in neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (nAMD), Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy, and Controls in the northern Chinese Population.

*<p>: <i>p</i>-Value <0.05 is considered to be statistically significant and they are shown in bold.</p>**<p>: OR(95%CI): Odds ratios are given for the risk allele compared with the wildtype allele.</p

Effect of wild-type ARMS2 and rs10490924 on the proliferation of RF/6A and human RPE cells.

<p>RF/6A (<b>A</b>) and ARPE-19 (<b>B</b>) cell proliferation was measured with an MTT assay at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h. Values are the means±SD of at least three independent experiments. Asterisks denote values significantly different from those of cells treated with wild-type ARMS2 and rs10490924 compared to negative control (p<0.01). (<b>C</b>)The time course of the ARMS2 protein expression profile mirrored that for ARMS2 protein expression levels after transfection in ARPE-19 cells. Abbreviations: wild-type ARMS2 plasmid-treated cells (WT); rs10490924 plasmid -treated cells (G270T); pReceiver-M29-Basic plasmid-treated cells (Vector) (*P<0.05, **P<0.01).</p

Polymorphisms in the <i>ARMS2</i> gene lesion: Distribution and Allele in neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (nAMD), Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy, and Controls in the northern Chinese Population.

<p>After Bonferroni correction the represent significance at P<0.05/8 = 0.00625.</p>*<p>Homozygous;Comparing the likelihood of individuals with two copies of the risk allele versus individuals with no copies of the risk allele;</p>**<p>Hetrozygous;Comparing the likelihood of individuals with one copy of the risk allele versus individuals with no copies of the risk allele;</p>$<p>homozygous for the risk factor.</p>##<p>HE: Hetrozygous insertion.</p>###<p>HO: Homozygous insertion.</p

Analysis of pair-wise LD across <i>ARMS2</i> and <i>HTRA1</i> SNPs in northern Chinese PCV and nAMD cohort.

<p>A) Analysis of pair-wise LD across the eight <i>ARMS2</i> and <i>HTRA1</i> SNPs in northern Chinese PCV cohort. B) Analysis of pair-wise LD across the eight <i>ARMS2</i> and <i>HTRA1</i> SNPs in northern Chinese nAMD cohort. The relative physical position of each SNP is given in the upper diagram. The pairwise D′ between all SNPs is given below each SNP combination. And when D′ = 1.0, no number is given inside the square. Bright red squares indicate D′≥0.90 and LOD≥2. Bright red squares indicate D′<0.90 and LOD≥2. White squares indicate D′<0.90 and LOD<2.</p

Rs10490924 (A69S in a coding change) does not affect mRNA, protein, or surface expression of ARMS2.

<p>A)Direct sequencing verified the wild-type (WT) and G270T ARMS2 plasmids. <i>B</i>) RT-PCR showed no significant difference between wild-type and G270T ARMS2 mRNA expression. <i>C</i>) Real-time RT-PCR confirmed the mRNA level finding. <i>D</i>) Western blot showed that the levels and migrations of the SNP mutant proteins were comparable with wild type. All experiments were repeated >3 times.</p