6,241 research outputs found
A Unified Approach to Information, Knowledge, and Stability
Within the context of strategic interaction, we provide a unified framework for analyzing information, knowledge, and the "stable" pattern of behavior. We first study the related interactive epistemology and, in particular, show an equivalence theorem between a strictly dominated strategy and a never-best reply in terms of epistemic states. We then explore epistemic foundations behind the fascinating idea of stability due to J. von Neumann and O. Morgenstern. The major features of our approach are: (i)unlike the ad hoc semantic model of knowledge, the state space is constructed by Harsanyiâs types that are explicitly formulated by Epstein and Wang (Econometrica 64, 1996, 1343-1373); (ii)players may have general preferences, including subjective expected utility and non-expected utility; and (iii) players may be boundedly rational and have non-partitional information structuresepistemic games; Harsanyi's types; interactive epistemology; stability; non-expected utility; bounded rationality
Iterated Strict Dominance in General Games
We offer a definition of iterated elimination of strictly dominated strategies (IESDS) for games with (in)finite players, (non)compact strategy sets, and (dis)continuous payoff functions. IESDS is always a well-defined order independent procedure that can be used to solve Nash equilibrium in dominance-solvable games. We characterize IESDS by means of a "stability" criterion, and offer a sufficient and necessary epistemic condition for IESDS. We show by an example that IESDS may generate spurious Nash equilibria in the class of Reny's better-reply secure games. We provide sufficient/necessary conditions under which IESDS preserves the set of Nash equilibria. Nous donnons une dĂ©finition de lâĂ©limination itĂ©rative des stratĂ©gies qui sont strictement donimĂ©es (EISSD) pour les jeux avec un nombre fini (ou infini) de joueurs , des ensembles de stratĂ©gies compactes (ou non-compactes), et des fonctions de gains continues (ou non-continues). Le processus EISSD est bien dĂ©fini et indĂ©pendant de lâordre dâĂ©limination. Nous donnons une caractĂ©risation du processus EISSD en utilisant un critĂšre de stabilitĂ© et offrons une condition Ă©pistĂ©mologique. Nous dĂ©montrons que le processus EISSD peut produire des Ă©quilibres faux dans la classe des jeux de meilleures rĂ©ponses sĂ©curitaires de Reny. Nous donnons des conditions nĂ©cessaires et suffisantes pour que le processus EISSD conserve lâensemble des Ă©quilibre de Nash.game theory, strict dominance, iterated elimination, Nash equilibrium, Reny's better-reply secure games., thĂ©orie des jeux, dominance stricte, Ă©limination itĂ©rative, Ă©quilibre de Nash, jeux de meilleures rĂ©ponses sĂ©curitaires de Reny
Controllable Goos-H\"{a}nchen shifts and spin beam splitter for ballistic electrons in a parabolic quantum well under a uniform magnetic field
The quantum Goos-H\"{a}nchen shift for ballistic electrons is investigated in
a parabolic potential well under a uniform vertical magnetic field. It is found
that the Goos-H\"{a}nchen shift can be negative as well as positive, and
becomes zero at transmission resonances. The beam shift depends not only on the
incident energy and incidence angle, but also on the magnetic field and Landau
quantum number. Based on these phenomena, we propose an alternative way to
realize the spin beam splitter in the proposed spintronic device, which can
completely separate spin-up and spin-down electron beams by negative and
positive Goos-H\"{a}nchen shifts.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Existence and asymptotic behavior of least energy sign-changing solutions for Schrodinger-Poisson systems with doubly critical exponents
In this paper, we are concerned with the following Schr\"{o}dinger-Poisson
system with critical nonlinearity and critical nonlocal term due to the
Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality \begin{equation}\begin{cases}
-\Delta u+u+\lambda\phi |u|^3u =|u|^4u+ |u|^{q-2}u,\ \ &\ x \in
\mathbb{R}^{3},\\[2mm]
-\Delta \phi=|u|^5, \ \ &\ x \in \mathbb{R}^{3}, \end{cases} \end{equation}
where is a parameter and . If and , the above system has no nontrivial
solution. If for some , we obtain a
least energy radial sign-changing solution to the above system.
Furthermore, we consider as a parameter and analyze the asymptotic
behavior of as
Mapping epigenetic modifications by sequencing technologies
The âepigeneticsâ concept was first described in 1942. Thus far, chemical modifications on histones, DNA, and RNA have emerged as three important building blocks of epigenetic modifications. Many epigenetic modifications have been intensively studied and found to be involved in most essential biological processes as well as human diseases, including cancer. Precisely and quantitatively mapping over 100 [1], 17 [2], and 160 [3] different known types of epigenetic modifications in histone, DNA, and RNA is the key to understanding the role of epigenetic modifications in gene regulation in diverse biological processes. With the rapid development of sequencing technologies, scientists are able to detect specific epigenetic modifications with various quantitative, high-resolution, whole-genome/transcriptome approaches. Here, we summarize recent advances in epigenetic modification sequencing technologies, focusing on major histone, DNA, and RNA modifications in mammalian cells
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