Statistical analysis of fast hard X-ray bursts by SMM observations and microwave bursts by ground-based observations

In order to understand the relationship between fast hard X-ray bursts (HXRB) and microwave bursts (MWB), data were used from the following publications: NASA Technical Memorandum 84998; Solar Geological Data (1980 to 1983); monthly report of Solar Radio Emission; and NASA and NSF: Solar Geophysical Data (1980 to 1983). For analyzing individual events, the criterion of the same event for HXRB and MWB is determined by peak time difference. There is a good linear correlation between the physical parameter of HXRB and MWB

Effect and clinical medicine observation after phacoemulsification for herpes simplex keratitis with cataract

AIM: To research the vision changes after phacoemulsification for herpes simplex keratitis(HSK)with cataract, and the clinical effect of antiviral drugs in preventing HSK relapse as well.<p>METHODS:Twenty-two cases(22 eyes)with HSK combined cataract were treated by phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, and then randomly divided into two groups. The patients in treatment group received aciclovir tablets and ganciclovir ophthalmic gel, those in control group received ganciclovir ophthalmic gel only. The vision changes after phacoemulsification were observed and the HSK relapse was analyzed.<p>RESULTS: After follow-up of 6 months, the visions of patients in both groups were improved. No relapse of HSK was found in the treatment group, and only one relapse of HSK was found in the control group after 6 months. There were no significant differences in therapy effects. <p>CONCLUSION: Under the protection of antiviral drug, cataract surgery can be applied to patients with HSK recurrence-free more than 6 months, and improve the visions effectively. Ganciclovir ophthalmic gel can effectively prevent the relapse of HSK after cataract surgery

Preparation and Evaluation of Intravaginal Ring Containing Drospirenone

In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of the vaginal administration of drospirenone silicone IVR. The in vitro release characteristics of matrix-type and reservoir-type IVR were compared under sink conditions in 21 days. At the same time, API excipients compatibility and preformulation study was performed by HPLC, IR, and DSC methods. Biocompatibility of reservoir system was evaluated by tolerability on tissue level in rats. It was found that, under strong light exposure, high temperature, and high humidity conditions, drospirenone and excipients had no significant interactions. The daily release of reservoir-type IVR was about 0.5 mg/d sustaining 21 days, which significantly decreased the burst effect compared with the matrix system. When drospirenone was modified by the PVPk30 in the reservoir system formulation, the daily release rate increased to 1.0 mg/d sustaining 21 days. The cumulative release of reservoir-type IVR was fitted to zero release equation. In addition, biocompatibility of drospirenone IVR system in this dosage is safe. It is feasibility feasibile to further developed for safe, convenient, and effective contraceptive drug delivery with reduced dosing interval

Photoreceptor Cell Differentiation Requires Regulated Proteolysis of the Transcriptional Repressor Tramtrack

AbstractThe transcription repressor Tramtrack (TTK) is found in cone cells but not photoreceptor cells of the Drosophila eye. We show that down-regulation of TTK expression occurs in photoreceptor cells and is required for their fate determination. Down-regulation requires the presence of Phyllopod (PHYL), which is induced by the RAS pathway, and Seven In Absentia (SINA). Loss of either gene causes accumulation of TTK in photoreceptor cells, and TTK does not accumulate in cone cells if both PHYL and SINA are present. We report that SINA and PHYL promote ubiquitination and rapid degradation of TTK by the proteasome pathway in cell culture, and both SINA and PHYL bind to the N-terminal domain of TTK. These results argue that photoreceptor differentiation is regulated by the RAS pathway through targeted proteolysis of the TTK repressor