Incidence (per 1000 PM) and adjusted hazard risk of renal outcomes for treatment safety based on intention-to-treat analysis.

Incidence (per 1000 PM) and adjusted hazard risk of renal outcomes for treatment safety based on intention-to-treat analysis.</p

Baseline characteristics of new AMI survivors who received either ACEI or ARB within 3 months after discharge.

Baseline characteristics of new AMI survivors who received either ACEI or ARB within 3 months after discharge.</p

Changes in the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors after 3 months of index date.

Changes in the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors after 3 months of index date.</p

Assessment of the clinical efficacy of the heart spectrum blood pressure monitor for diagnosis of atrial fibrillation: An unblinded clinical trial

<div><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. The most common diagnostic method, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), can record episodes of arrhythmia from which the type and severity can be determined. The Heart Spectrum Blood Pressure Monitor (P2; OSTAR Meditech Corp., New Taipei City, Taiwan) is used to measure cardiovascular pressure change with fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis to obtain heart rate frequency variability and accurate blood pressure data. We compared the diagnostic efficacy of the Heart Spectrum Blood Pressure Monitor to a 12-lead ECG (gold standard) for patients with AF. Three measurement methods were used in this study to analyze the heart index and compare the results with simultaneous 12-lead ECG: blood pressure; mean arterial pressure, which was calculated from individual blood pressure as a constant pressure; and a constant pressure of 60 mmHg. The physician used a 12-lead ECG and the Heart Spectrum Blood Pressure Monitor simultaneously. The Heart Spectrum Blood Pressure Monitor used FFT analysis to diagnose AF, and the findings were compared to the 12-lead ECG readings. This unblinded clinical trial was conducted in the emergency department of Taipei Medical University Hospital. Twenty-nine subjects with AF and 33 without AF aged 25 to 97 y (mean, 63.5 y) were included. Subjects who were exposed to high-frequency surgical equipment during testing, those with cardiac pacemakers or implantable defibrillators, and pregnant women were excluded. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 97%, 97%, 97%, and 97%, respectively, for method 1; 90%, 100%, 100%, and 91%, respectively, for method 2; and 100%, 94%, 94%, and 100%, respectively, for method 3. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for both methods ranged between 90% and 100%, indicating that the Heart Spectrum Blood Pressure Monitor can be effectively applied for AF detection.</p></div

Kaplan–Meier failure curve for all-cause death based on (A) treatment and (B) treatment and diagnostic year.

Abbreviations: ACEI = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker.</p

Incidence (per 1000 PM) and adjusted hazard risk of the major outcomes for treatment efficiency based on intention-to-treat analysis.

Incidence (per 1000 PM) and adjusted hazard risk of the major outcomes for treatment efficiency based on intention-to-treat analysis.</p

Incidence (per 1000 PM) and adjusted hazard risk of major outcomes for treatment efficiency based on as-treated analysis.

Incidence (per 1000 PM) and adjusted hazard risk of major outcomes for treatment efficiency based on as-treated analysis.</p

Patient selection process.

Abbreviations: AMI = acute myocardial infarction; ACEI = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; CABG = coronary artery bypass; MPR = medication possession ratio.</p

CONSORT flow diagram.

<p>CONSORT flow diagram.</p

Disease diagnostic coding and ATC code for medication.

Disease diagnostic coding and ATC code for medication.</p