Visible-Light Photoredox-Catalyzed Decarboxylation of α‑Oxo Carboxylic Acids to C1-Deuterated Aldehydes and Aldehydes

The synthesis of high-value-added C1-deuterated aldehydes would improve the availability of deuterated lead compounds for deuterium-labeled drug discovery. Herein, we develop a metal-free synthesis of C1-deuterated aldehydes with D2O from α-oxo carboxylic acids at ambient temperature. Via visible-light photoredox-catalyzed decarboxylation, stoichiometric reductants and oxidants were avoided. Various functional groups were tolerated and resulted in C1-deuterium aldehydes in up to 92% yield and 91–97% D incorporation under mild conditions. This method is also applied to the synthesis of various aldehydes. Primary mechanistic studies indicate that the catalytic pathway occurs via a reductive quenching pathway followed by hydrogen atom transfer

Presentation_1_Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of NADPH Oxidase Family Genes in Wheat During Development and Environmental Stress Responses.pdf

<p>As the key producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), NADPH oxidases (NOXs), also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), play crucial roles in various biological processes in plants with considerable evolutionary selection and functional diversity in the entire terrestrial plant kingdom. However, only limited resources are available on the phylogenesis and functions of this gene family in wheat. Here, a total of 46 NOX family genes were identified in the wheat genome, and these NOXs could be classified into three subgroups: typical TaNOXs, TaNOX-likes, and ferric reduction oxidases (TaFROs). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the typical TaNOXs might originate from TaFROs during evolution, and the TaFROs located on Chr 2 might be the most ancient forms of TaNOXs. TaNOXs are highly expressed in wheat with distinct tissue or organ-specificity and stress-inducible diversity. A large-scale expression and/or coexpression analysis demonstrated that TaNOXs can be divided into four functional groups with different expression patterns under a broad range of environmental stresses. Different TaNOXs are coexpressed with different sets of other genes, which widely participate in several important intracellular processes such as cell wall biosynthesis, defence response, and signal transduction, suggesting their vital but diversity of roles in plant growth regulation and stress responses of wheat.</p