Integración con Cymdist de las redes de media tensión y subtransmisión del sistema de la Centrosur

El presente trabajo tiene un enfoque práctico e innovador de la explotación del software de simulación Cymdist, que persigue la integración de los sistemas de media tensión y subtransmisión de la E.E.R.C.S que actualmente se modelan en plataformas distintas como son Cymdist y DIgSILENT respectivamente. El enfoque de Cymdist para modelar redes de distribución frente a DIgSILENT con un enfoque a nivel de control y operación de SEP, concluyen en ventajas como es principalmente: la modelación detallada de subestaciones y redes secundarias con la posibilidad de referenciarles geográficamente, la implementación de algoritmos como son el método de caída de tensión en la resolución de flujos de carga y la distribución de carga. El gran potencial que ofrece Cymdist permitió que se modele los sistemas de media tensión y subtransmisión por separado, evaluando el sistema de forma tradicional, y a la hora de realizar la integración el sistema de subtransmisión creado se configuró de tal manera que la integración se realice en pocos segundos, con los alimentadores conectándose automáticamente a sus respectivas subestaciones. Finalmente se presenta en una sola plataforma las redes de media tensión y subtransmisión, eliminando así los equivalentes de red que actualmente se tienen en el sistema de media tensión, este sistema integrado permitirá un análisis de: planificación, diseño y funcionamiento del sistema de la CENTROSUR, ayudando a la toma de decisiones rápidas y efectivas en la parte operativa de las redes eléctricas.This paper has an approach practical and innovative of the exploitation of software of simulation Cymdist, which fallow the integration of the systems the half voltage and subtransmisión of E.E.R.C.S that currently the model in platforms different that are Cymdist and DIgSILENT respectively. The approach of Cymdist to model networks of distribution front of DIgSILENT with an approach a level of control and operation of SEP, conclude in advantages that is the first: the model details of substations and networks seconds with the possibility of references geographically, the implementation of algorithms that are the method of voltage drop in the resolution of the power flow and the load distribution. The great potential that gives Cymdist allowed is modeled half voltage systems and subtransmisión separately; evaluating the traditional system, system was configured so that the integration is performed in few seconds, with feeders automatically connecting to their respective substations. Finally we present on a single platform the networks of half voltage and subtransmisión, deleting that the networks equivalents currently have in the half voltage system, this integrated system will allow analysis of: planning, design and operation of the system of the CENTROSUR, helping to take decisions quick and effectives in the part operational of the electrics networks.Ingeniero EléctricoCuenc

A collaboratively derived environmental research agenda for Galapagos

Galápagos is one of the most pristine archipelagos in the world and its conservation relies upon research and sensible management. In recent decades both the interest in, and the needs of, the islands have increased, yet the funds and capacity for necessary research have remained limited. It has become, therefore, increasingly important to identify areas of priority research to assist decision-making in Galápagos conservation. This study identified 50 questions considered priorities for future research and management. The exercise involved the collaboration of policy makers, practitioners and researchers from more than 30 different organisations. Initially, 360 people were consulted to generate 781 questions. An established process of preworkshop voting and three rounds to reduce and reword the questions, followed by a two-day workshop, was used to produce the final 50 questions. The most common issues raised by this list of questions were human population growth, climate change and the impact of invasive alien species. These results have already been used by a range of organisations and politicians and are expected to provide the basis for future research on the islands so that its sustainability may be enhanced. </jats:p