4 research outputs found
Linkage with cathepsin B-sensitive dipeptide promotes the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of PEGylated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) against murine fibrosarcoma
Evolution characteristics of micromechanics provides insights into the microstructure of pharmaceutical tablets fabricated by bimodal mixtures
Abstract This research focuses on the evolution of mechanical behavior of bimodal mixtures undergoing compaction and diametrical compression. The clusters were built and discrete element method (DEM) was used to investigate the densification process and micromechanics of bimodal mixtures. Additionally, a more comprehensive investigate of the respective breakage of the bimodal mixtures has been carried out. On this basis, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the compressive force, force chain, contact bonds and density field evolution characteristics of the clusters are investigated during the compression process. The entire loading process of the clusters is divided into three stages: rearrangement, breakage and elastic–plastic deformation. Additionally, there are differences in the evolution of micromechanics behavior of different particles in the bimodal mixture, with pregelatinized starch breakage and deformation occurring before microcrystalline cellulose. With the tablet deformation, the fragmentation process of the tablet started at the point of contact and extended toward the center, and the curvature of the force chain increased. This approach may potentially hold a valuable new information relevant to important transformation forms batch manufacturing to advanced manufacturing for the oral solid dosage form
Vascular Accessibility of Endothelial Targeted Ferritin Nanoparticles
Targeting
nanocarriers to the endothelium, using affinity ligands
to cell adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 and PECAM-1, holds promise
to improve the pharmacotherapy of many disease conditions. This approach
capitalizes on the observation that antibody-targeted carriers of
100 nm and above accumulate in the pulmonary vasculature more effectively
than free antibodies. Targeting of prospective nanocarriers in the
10–50 nm range, however, has not been studied. To address this
intriguing issue, we conjugated monoclonal antibodies (Ab) to ICAM-1
and PECAM-1 or their single chain antigen-binding fragments (scFv)
to ferritin nanoparticles (FNPs, size 12 nm), thereby producing Ab/FNPs
and scFv/FNPs. Targeted FNPs retained their typical symmetric core–shell
structure with sizes of 20–25 nm and ∼4–5 Ab
(or ∼7–9 scFv) per particle. Ab/FNPs and scFv/FNPs,
but not control IgG/FNPs, bound specifically to cells expressing target
molecules and accumulated in the lungs after intravenous injection,
with pulmonary targeting an order of magnitude higher than free Ab.
Most intriguing, the targeting of Ab/FNPs to ICAM-1, but not PECAM-1,
surpassed that of larger Ab/carriers targeted by the same ligand.
These results indicate that (i) FNPs may provide a platform for targeting
endothelial adhesion molecules with carriers in the 20 nm size range,
which has not been previously reported; and (ii) ICAM-1 and PECAM-1
(known to localize in different domains of endothelial plasmalemma)
differ in their accessibility to circulating objects of this size,
common for blood components and nanocarriers