Application of design of experiment for modelling of etching of ceramics

These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for EnCon 2008. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. Define all symbols used in the abstract. Do not cite references in the abstract. Do not delete the blank line immediately above the abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column. The abstract text should be formatted using 9 point Times (or Times Roman, or Times New Roman). The abstract follows the addresses and should give readers concise information about the content of the article and indicate the main results obtained and conclusions drawn. It should be self-contained with no reference to figures, tables, equations or bibliographic references and should not normally exceed 200 words

Memory difference control of unknown unstable fixed points: Drifting parameter conditions and delayed measurement

Difference control schemes for controlling unstable fixed points become important if the exact position of the fixed point is unavailable or moving due to drifting parameters. We propose a memory difference control method for stabilization of a priori unknown unstable fixed points by introducing a memory term. If the amplitude of the control applied in the previous time step is added to the present control signal, fixed points with arbitrary Lyapunov numbers can be controlled. This method is also extended to compensate arbitrary time steps of measurement delay. We show that our method stabilizes orbits of the Chua circuit where ordinary difference control fails.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures. See also chao-dyn/9810029 (Phys. Rev. E 70, 056225) and nlin.CD/0204031 (Phys. Rev. E 70, 046205

Plasmid DNA Analysis of Pasteurella multocida Serotype B isolated from Haemorrhagic Septicaemia outbreaks in Malaysia

A total of 150 purified isolates of Pasteurella multocida serotype B were used (Salmah, 2004) for plasmid DNA curing experiment to determine hyaluronidase activity, antibiotic resistance pattern (ARP) and mice lethality test (LD50) for their role of pathogenicity. A plasmid curing experiment was carried out by using the intercalating agent; ethidium bromide and rifampicin, where it was found all the plasmids had been cured (plasmidless) from Pasteurella multocida. All of these plasmidless isolates maintained their phenotypic characteristics. They showed the same antibiotic resistancepattern as before curing, produced hyaluronidase and possessed lethality activity in mice when injected intraperitoneally(i.p). Based on this observation, the antibiotic resistance, hyaluronidase activity and mice virulence could probably be chromosomal-mediated. Plasmids were detected 100% in all P. multocida isolates with identical profile of 2 plasmids size 3.0 and 5.5 kb. No large plasmids could be detected in all isolates. Since all the isolates appeared to have identicalplasmid profiles, they were subjected to restriction enzyme(RE) analysis. From RE analysis results obtained, it can be concluded that the plasmid DNA in serotype B isolates are identical. Only 4 of 32 REs were found to cleave these plasmids with identical restriction fingerprints; BglII, HaeIII, RsaI and SspI. From RE analysis results, it can be concluded that the plasmid DNA isolates are identical. This plasmid might not played any role in pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida serotype B, however this information is important for the construction of shuttle vectors in genetic studies of the pathogenicity of haemorrhagic septicaemia(HS)

Low-Mass Baryon-Antibaryon Enhancements in B Decays

The nature of low-mass baryon-antibaryon enhancements seen in B decays is explored. Three possibilities include (i) states near threshold as found in a model by Nambu and Jona-Lasinio, (ii) isoscalar states with $J^{PC} = 0^{\pm +}$ coupled to a pair of gluons, and (iii) low-mass enhancements favored by the fragmentation process. Ways of distinguishing these mechanisms using angular distributions and flavor symmetry are proposed.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, no figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D. One reference adde

THE IN VITRO AND EX VIVO EFFECT OF PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI METHANOL EXTRACT ON HEPATIC UDP-GLUCURONYLTRANSFERASE ENZYME ACTIVITY IN STZ-INDUCED DIABETIC SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the in vitro and ex vivo (acute and sub-chronic doses) effect of Phyllanthus niruri methanol extract (PNME) on the microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) enzyme activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic young female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: Young female SD rats were induced type I diabetes mellitus using STZ (60 mg/kg i. v.). The in vitro study was performed on a microsomal fraction of diabetic rat livers using PNME in doses of (0.01 µg, 1 µg and 10 µg)/ml. While ex vivo studies were performed on the microsomal fraction of diabetic rats using PNME in doses of 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg p. o. for acute ex vivo study (one-day treatment) and 100, 500 and 2000 mg/kg/day p. o. for sub-chronic one (daily dose for two weeks). p-nitrophenol (p-NP), was used as a marker substrate for UGT enzyme activity and analyzed using the spectrophotometer to determine UGT enzyme activity. Results: The in vitro result showed that, there is no significant effect of the three concentrations of PNME versus control on UGT activity in the microsomal fraction of diabetic young female SD rat livers, while for ex vivo study, the result showed that UGT activity in the microsomal fraction of diabetic young female SD rats significantly and dose-independently increased at doses 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg p. o in acute study (all p<0.05 vs control). However, no significant effect of PNME has been seen in the three doses used in the sub-chronic study. Conclusion: The three different concentrations of PNME have no significant effect as compared to control on UGT activity in the in vitro study. However, ex vivo study showed significant and dose-independent increased in UGT activity at doses 1000, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg p. o in acute study (all P<0.01 vs control), but no significant effect on sub-chronic study

Diarrhoea scores and weight changes in response to artificial milk supplementation or use of solulyte-neomycin solution in preweaning piglets

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplemental milk replacer and solulyte-neomix solution in preweaning piglets. A total of 199 five-day-old piglets from 22litters were available for this three-week study. 12 litters (110 piglets) were allocated into the milk replacer supplemented group (MILK), five litters (47 piglets) were allocated into the ELEC group which was given an antibiotic-fortified electrolyte solution for pigs, and five litters (45 piglets) remained as untreated control (CTRL). However, after matching for litter size and total litter weights among treatment groups, only 44 piglets (5litters) in the MILK group, 47 piglets (5 litters) in the ELEC group and 45 piglets from 5 litters in the CTRL group were considered in this report. All sows were fed the same diet (18 % protein, 3,952 kcal of ME/kg). Body weights of piglets were measured at days 5 and 25 of age. Fresh liquid commercial milk replacer and solulyte-neomix solution were prepared daily. The fluids were offered thrice daily at 100mL per litter for 5-day-old piglets. Supplementation was increased to 5 times daily at 200mL per litter when piglets were 9 days or older, till the end of the trial. Average litter weight gain was higher in the ELEC piglets given solulyte-neomix solution and creep feed (P<0.05). Milk replacer supplemented group (MILK) generally had lower average litter weight gains at 3.72 kg. However, the diarrhea scores were affected by the types of supplementation fluids given. The overall diarrhoea scores were higher in the MILK and CTRL piglets compared to the ELEC piglets. In conclusion, milk replacer supplementation offered no obvious benefit in terms of weight gain, final weight, and overall diarrhoea scores in piglets compared to solulyte-neomix supplemented piglets

Evidence for Factorization in Three-body B --> D(*) K- K0 Decays

Motivated by recent experimental results, we use a factorization approach to study the three-body B --> D(*) K- K0 decay modes. Two mechanisms are proposed for kaon pair production: current-produced (from vacuum) and transition (from B meson). The Bbar0 --> D(*)+ K- K0 decay is governed solely by the current-produced mechanism. As the kaon pair can be produced only by the vector current, the matrix element can be extracted from e+ e- --> K Kbar processes via isospin relations. The decay rates obtained this way are in good agreement with experiment. Both current-produced and transition processes contribute to B- --> D(*)0 K- K0 decays. By using QCD counting rules and the measured B- --> D(*)0 K- K0 decay rates, the measured decay spectra can be understood.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figure