The String Light Cone in the pp-wave Background

In this letter, we determine the particle and the string light cone in the pp-wave background. The result is a deformed version of the flat one. We point out the light cone exhibits an intriguing periodicity in the light cone time direction x^+ with a period \sim 1/ \mu. Our results also suggest that a quantum theory in the pp-wave background can be formulated consistently only if the background is periodic in the light cone time x^+.Comment: 10 pages. v2: references and comments adde

Comment on "Constraint Quantization of Open String in Background B field and Noncommutative D-brane"

In the paper "Constraint Quantization of Open String in Background $B$ field and Noncommutative D-brane", it is claimed that the boundary conditions lead to an infinite set of secondary constraints and Dirac brackets result in a non-commutative Poisson structure for D-brain. Here we show that contrary to the arguments in that paper, the set of secondary constraints on the boundary is finite and the non-commutativity algebra can not be obtained by evaluating the Dirac brackets.Comment: minor corrections, to appear in Phys.Lett.

Innovations of subject service in National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the implications

Looking at the development of subject librarians and subject services in Chinese libraries during the past decade, this paper highlights the innovative concepts and practices of subject librarians in National Science Library (NSL), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). After a two-year trial period, NSL, CAS, with 39 full-time subject librarians, has begun to provide personalized, subject-speci.c, and knowledge-based services to the end-users since 2006. Such a practice manifests that subject librarians and subject services should be embedded into the research process and working environment. And, the subject service should be made available to the users beyond the space restriction and time limit, and .nally create a congenial environment for users. Librarians should develop new expertise to offer the user-oriented service, changing the role from book keepers to research instructors, advisors, even chief information officer (CIO) or chief knowledge officer (CKO).</p

Electrophysiological Studies of Visual Attention and of Emotion Regulation

Electrophysiological methods, such as electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG), measure biological activity that allow us to infer underlying cognitive processes. In the first study, we use EEG to track feature-based attention (FBA), a form of visual attention that helps one detect objects with a particular color, motion, or orientation. We explore the use of SSVEPs, generated by flicker presented peripherally, to track attention in a visual search task presented centrally. Classification results show that one can track an observer’s attended color, which suggests that these methods may provide a viable means for tracking FBA in a real-time task. In the second study, we use cardiovascular measures to examine influences of the emotion regulation strategy of reappraisal. We examine cooperation and cardiovascular responses in individuals that were defected on by their opponent in the first round of an iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma. We find significant differences between the emotion regulation conditions using the biopsychosocial (BPS) model of challenge and threat, where participants primed with the reappraisal strategy were weakly comparable with a threat state of the BPS model and participants without an emotion regulation were weakly comparable with a challenge state of the BPS model. In the third study, we use EEG to study the chromatic sensitivity of FBA for color during a visual search task. We use SSVEP responses evoked through peripheral flicker to measure the spectral tuning of color detection mechanisms and how attentional selection is affected by distractor color. Our results find smaller responses for the distractor colors and suggest that feature-based attention to a particular color involves chromatic mechanisms that both enhance the response to a target and minimize responses to distractors

Convergence of multiple ergodic averages along cubes for several commuting transformations

We prove the norm convergence of multiple ergodic averages along cubes for several commuting transformations, and derive corresponding combinatorial results. The method we use relies primarily on the "magic extension" established recently by B. ~Host

Operation Restoration: How Can Patent Holders Protect Themselves From Medimmune?

The Supreme Court’s recent decision in MedImmune v. Genentech shifts the balance of power in license agreements from patent holders to their licensees. This iBrief outlines the potential implications of the new rules on all stages of patent prosecution and protection. Further, it evaluates remedial contract provisions patent holders may include in future license agreements and how these provisions may mitigate the decision’s effects on preexisting commercial relationships