Modified Dachengqi Tang improves decreased gastrointestinal motility in postoperative esophageal cancer patients

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effects of modified Dachengqi Tang (DCQT) on promoting gastrointestinal motility in post-operative esophageal cancer patients.MethodsSixty postoperative esophageal cancer patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the modified treatment group or the control group (30 patients in each group). Patients in the treatment group were given DCQT made from decocted herbs and administered via nasojejunal tube at a dosage of 150 mL. Gastrointestinal motility was assessed by recording time for recovery of bowel sounds, flatus, defecation, and the total amount of gastric drainage during the first three postoperative days. Plasma motilin (MTL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were measured one hour before and three days after surgery.ResultsCompared with the control group, the times to first bowel sound, flatus, and defecation were significantly shorter and there was less gastric drainage in the treatment group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively). In the treatment group, postoperative plasma MTL was significantly higher (P < 0.01) and VIP was significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no difference found in either MTL or VIP from before to after operation in the treatment group (P > 0.05). MTL was significantly lower and VIP was higher postoperatively in the control group, compared to before surgery (P < 0.01).ConclusionsModified DCQT effectively improved decreased gastrointestinal motility in postoperative esophageal cancer patients by increasing MTL and reducing VIP

Arquatopotamon jizushanense Chu, Zhou & Sun, 2017, sp. n.

&lt;i&gt;Arquatopotamon jizushanense&lt;/i&gt; sp. n. &lt;p&gt;(FigS. 1&ndash;6)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Material examined.&lt;/b&gt; Holotype: male (adult), 19.4 &times; 16.4 mm, NNU 160506, Shiqian Village (25&deg;56&rsquo;15&rsquo;&rsquo; N, 100&deg;24&rsquo;19&rsquo;&rsquo; E, 1778 m aSl), JizuShan Town, Binchuan County, Dali City in Yunnan ProVince, coll. Kelin Chu, Pengfei Wang &amp; Hongying Sun, 2 May 2016. ParatypeS: female (adult), 22.3 &times; 18.5 mm, NNU 160510, Same data aS holotype (allotype); 2 maleS (adult), 20.1 &times; 16.6 mm, NNU 160507; 18.3 &times; 15.5 mm, NNU 0 90808, Same data aS holotype.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Diagnosis.&lt;/b&gt; AS for genuS.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Description.&lt;/b&gt; Carapace about 1.2 timeS broader than long, Subquadrate, flat, dorSal Surface gently conVeX longitudinally, punctate, glabrouS; regionS diStinctly defined; epibranchial region rugoSe, meSogaStric region Slightly conVeX (Fig. 1 A). CerVical grooVe Shallow, H-Shaped grooVe between gaStric and cardiac regionS diStinct (Fig. 1 A). PoStfrontal lobe Slightly conVeX, poStorbital creSt indiStinct, poStorbital region Slight concaVe (Fig. 1 A, B). Frontal region defleXed downwardS, anterior border emarginated medially (Fig. 1 B). DorSal orbital margin ridged, eXternal orbital angle triangular, outer margin lined with 4 Small granuleS (Fig. 1 B). Anterolateral margin criState, epibranchial tooth pointed, diStinct, clearly demarcated from eXternal orbital tooth (Fig. 1 A).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Third maXilliped meruS about 1.1 timeS aS broad aS long, trapezoidal, with median depreSSion, tip of the meruS triangular Shaped; iSchium about 1.4 timeS aS long aS broad, rectangular, with diStinct median SulcuS; eXopod reaching proXimal 1/4 of meruS length, without flagellum (Fig. 1 B, 2B).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;ChelipedS Slightly unequal; meruS trigonal in croSS-Section; marginS crenulated, carpuS with Sharp Spine on inner diStal angle, with Spinule at baSe (Fig. 1 A, C, 2A). Outer SurfaceS of manuS of major chela Smooth, about 1.5 timeS aS long aS high, Slightly longer than moVable finger, gape narrow when fingerS cloSed, cutting edge lined with rounded, blunt teeth, diStal part of cutting edge Sharp and without teeth (Fig. 1 C, 2A). Ambulatory legS Slender, SurfaceS Smooth; dactyluS Slender, with denSe Spinule, Second ambulatory leg meruS about 1.5 timeS aS long aS dactyluS; laSt leg with propoduS about 1.4 timeS aS long aS broad, Slightly Shorter than dactyluS (Fig. 1 A).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Male abdomen broadly triangular, third Somite wideSt; SiXth Somite width 2.2 timeS length, telSon broadly triangular, with about 1.6 timeS aS broad aS long (Fig. 1 C, 3B). Male thoracic Sternum Smooth; median grooVe of male thoracic Sternum deep; interruption between SutureS of SterniteS 4/5, 5/6, 6/7 broad; median longitudinal Suture between SterniteS 7 and 8 moderately long (Fig. 3 A). G1 long, diStal part of Subterminal, terminal Segment arch Shaped (meSioVentral View; Fig. 2 E), tip of terminal Segment reaching Suture between thoracic SterniteS 4/ 5 &lt;i&gt;in&lt;/i&gt; situ (Fig. 3 A); Subterminal Segment about 1.9 timeS aS long aS terminal Segment; terminal Segment tongue-Shaped, diStinctly curVed Ventrally (Ventral View) (Fig. 2 D, E, F and G). G2 Slightly longer than G1, baSal Segment about 2.6 timeS aS long aS diStal Segment (Fig. 2 C).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; Female abdomen longitudinally elongated, oVate; SiXth Somite about 3.3 timeS aS broad aS long, telSon Semicircular, about 2.4 timeS aS broad aS long (Fig. 3 D). Female gonopore on thoracic SterniteS 5/6, reaching Suture between thoracic SterniteS 4/ 5 &lt;i&gt;in&lt;/i&gt; situ, deep, without operculum, poSterior margin with V-Shaped notch, anterior portion with protuberance (Fig. 3 C, D). The poSteromedial of female gonopore with domed protuberance on thoracic Sternite 6 (Fig. 3 C, D).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Distribution and habitat&lt;/b&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Arquatopotamon jizushanense&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;gen. n&lt;/b&gt;., &lt;b&gt;sp. n.&lt;/b&gt; waS found under StoneS in Small hill StreamS in Shiqian Village (25&deg;56&rsquo;15&rsquo;&rsquo; N, 100&deg;24&rsquo;19&rsquo;&rsquo; E), JizuShan Town, Binchuan County, Dali City in Yunnan ProVince, China (Fig. 5 A, B); at an altitude of 1778 m. No other potamidS were obSerVed at the type locality.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Live coloration.&lt;/b&gt; Carapace iS uSually dark brown, whereaS chelipedS and ambulatory legS are reddiSh brown to purple in life (Fig. 5 B).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Etymology.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Arquatopotamon jizushanense&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;gen. n&lt;/b&gt;., &lt;b&gt;sp. n.&lt;/b&gt; iS named after the type locality, JizuShan Town in Yunnan ProVince, China.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Chu, Kelin, Zhou, Lijun &amp; Sun, Hongying, 2017, A new genus and new species of freshwater crab (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae Ortmann, 1896) from Yunnan Province, China, pp. 241-253 in Zootaxa 4286 (2)&lt;/i&gt; on pages 245-250, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4286.2.7, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/828451"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/828451&lt;/a&gt

A new genus and species of primary freshwater crab and a new species of Artopotamon Dai & Chen, 1985 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamidae) from western Yunnan, China

Chu, Kelin, Wang, Pengfei, Sun, Hongying (2018): A new genus and species of primary freshwater crab and a new species of Artopotamon Dai &amp; Chen, 1985 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamidae) from western Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 4422 (1): 115-131, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4422.1.

FIGURE 2. Arquatopotamon jizushanense gen. n in A new genus and new species of freshwater crab (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae Ortmann, 1896) from Yunnan Province, China

FIGURE 2. Arquatopotamon jizushanense gen. n., sp. n. male holotype, 19.4 × 16.4 mm, NNU 160506. A, outer surfaces of right major chela; B, left third maXilliped; C, left G 2; D-G, left G 1 Without G 2: D, ventral vieW; E, mesioventral vieW; F, dorsal vieW; G, dorsolateral vieW. Scales = 1.0 mm

Borneopauropus acutifolius Qian, sp. n.

Borneopauropus acutifolius Qian sp. n. (Figure 1) Type material. Holotype. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 5 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu. Paratypes. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 7 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu. Etymology. From Latin acutus = pointed and folium = leaf (referring to the shape of the anal plate). Diagnosis. Borneopauropus acutifolius sp. n. is a small, short-legged species closely related to the six species previously described in the genus: B. penanorum Scheller 1994 from East Malaysia, Sabah; B. prolatus Scheller 2001 from East Malaysia, Sabah; B. curtipes Scheller 2009 from Indonesia, Sulawesi, Selatan, Rantepao; B. dingus Scheller 2009 from Savage River Pipeline Road, Australia; B. platylopas Scheller 2011 from Chiang Mai province, Thailand and B. neozelandicus Scheller 2012 from South Island, Central Otago, New Zealand. The new species can be distinguished from them by comparing the shape of the temporal organs and the shape of the anal plate. Temporal organs with two tube-like appendages and one small bulge are present in B. penanorum; with three uplifted tube-like appendages in B. prolatus; partly visible from the tergal side but running along from the mouth to the posterior part of the head in B. curtipes; longish, running along from mouth to the posterior part of the head in B. dingus; small, with at least two short uplifted extensions in B. platylopas; partly visible from the tergal side, longish, from the lateral centre behind the antenna running ventrally in the direction of the mouth in B. neozelandicus. In contrast, the temporal organs are small with one short uplifted extension in B. acutifolius sp. n. Regarding the shape of the anal plate, the distal part blunt ended, with sparse oblique pubescence in B. penanorum; anal plate glabrous, appendages striate in B. prolatus; anal plate faintly granular, appendages glabrous in B. curtipes; distal part narrow with parallel lateral margins and cut squarely at the end; two thin cylindrical appendages with globular distal enlargements protrude backwards from the middle of the sternal side in B. dingus; anal plate narrowest anteriorly, triangular, posterolateral corner turned anteriorly and posterior margin with small median process, two cylindrical blunt faintly pubescent appendages protruding backward from sternal side just nearby the posteromedian process in B. platylopas; narrowest anteriorly, broadest in the middle, with rounded lateral lobes pointing backward, posterior part forming a triangular lobe with a median cylindrical narrow lengthening, two subcylindrical appendages protrude backward from outer part of triangular lobe, appendages curved inward, striate in B. neozelandicus. The distal part is pointed, the plate and appendages glabrous in B.acutifolius sp. n. Description. Length. (0.46 -) 0.50 mm Head. Tergal and lateral sides with one anterior unpaired clavate seta most anteriorly and 26 other setae, 24 bladder-shaped ones and one thin cylindrical lateral ones. Setae arranged in transversal rows indistinct laterally. Setae longest in posteromedian part; most setae clavate, shortly pubescent, lateral group setae cylindrical, glabrous. Temporal organs small with one short uplifted extensions. Tergal side of head faintly granular, temporal organs glabrous. Antennae. Segment 4 with 4 cylindrical annulate setae; relative lengths: p = 10, p ’ = 7.7 (- 8.1), p ” = 4.0 (- 6.1), r = 3.8 (- 4.0). Tergal seta p 0.7 of the length of tergal branch t. The latter subcylindrical, 2.7 (- 2.9) times as long as wide, as long as sterna branch s. s (2.1 -) 2.2 times as long as greatest diameter, its seta q cylindrical striate, (0.6 -) 0.8 of the length of s. Relative lengths of flagella (base segments included) and base segments: F 1 = 100, bs 1 = 8; F 2 = (65 -) 66, bs 2 = 6; F 3 = 72 (- 74), bs 3 = 8 (- 9). F 1 3.1 times as long as t, F 2 and F 3 (2.9 -) 3.0 and (2.5 -) 2.9 times as long as s respectively. Distal calyces helmet-shaped, glabrous. Globulus g with slender stalk, (1.3 -) 1.5 times as long as greatest diameter, the latter 0.7 (- 0.8) as long as greatest diameter of t. Antenna glabrous. Trunk. Setae of collum segment furcate, primary branch subcylindrical, annulated; secondary branch rudimentary, glabrous; sublateral seta somewhat thinner than submedian seta, the former 1.3 as long as submedian seta. Sternite process blunt; process and appendages glabrous. Tergites. I and VI entire, II–V transversely and weakly two-parted. Setae bladder-shaped or clavate with distinct oblique-erect pubescence. Setae on tergite I irregularly inserted, on II–V in an anterior and a posterior double-row, on VI in two single rows only. Number of setae on tergites (if two values anterior and posterior groups respectively): I (26 -) 30 (- 32), II (14 -) 16 (- 18) + 24 (- 26) = (38 -) 40 (- 44), III (18 -) 25 + 20 (- 22) = (40 -) 45, IV 21 (- 22) + (16 -) 18 = (37 -) 39, V (14 -) 15 (- 16) + 12 = (26 -) 27 (- 28), VI 4 + 4 = 8. Cuticle of tergites almost glabrous. FIGURE 1. Borneopauropus acutifolius Qian sp. n. holotype (female). A, right antenna, sterna view. B, head, median and right part, tergal view. C, tergites I–II. D, T 5. E, T 3. F, tarsus of leg 9. G, collum segment, sternal view. H, pygidium, posteriomedian and left part, sternal view. Bothriotricha. Relative lengths: T 1 = 100, T 2 = (89 -) 92 (- 112), T 3 = 59 (- 66), T 4 = (101 -) 108, T 5 = (111 -) 113. Axes simple, most proximally glabrous; proximal half of T 3 strongly clavate, distal half very thin; other bothriotricha with thin and curled axes; pubescence short oblique on proximal halves, erect distally; clavate part of T 3 with pubescence arranged in whorls. Legs. All legs 5 -segmented. Setae on coxa and trochanter of leg 9 similar, simple, cylindrical, densely annulated, blunt, without traces of secondary branches. More anteriorly these setae of the same shape but with short cylindrical glabrous rudiments of secondary branches. Tarsus of leg 9 short, subcylindrical, (2.1 -) 2.3 times as long as greatest diameter. Setae curved, tapering, pointed, with oblique pubescence; proximal seta 0.3 of the length of tarsus and as long as the distal seta. Cuticle of tarsus glabrous. Pygidium. Tergum. Hind margin rounded between st. Relative lengths of setae: a 1 = 10, a 2 = 16.5, st very short, a 1 subspherical, diverging, a 2 and a 3 clavate; distance a 1 – a 1 (2.1 -) 2.5 times as long as a 1, distance a 1 – a 2 1.2 times as long as distance a 2 – a 3; distance st–st (8.0 -) 11.5 times as long as st and 1.1 (- 1.3) times as long as distance a 1 – a 1. Sternum. Relative lengths of setae (pygidial a 1 = 10): b 1 = 59 (- 65), b 2 = (23 -) 27, b 3 = (12 -) 15. Setae tapering, pointed, glabrous; b 1 as long as (1.2 -) 1.3 times as long as distance b 1 – b 1, b 2 0.9 of distance b 1 – b 2 and b 3 0.4 of interdistance. Anal plate. lobiform, (1.8 -) 2.2 times as long as greatest width, broadest near the middle, lateral margins convex, distal part narrowing into a short triangular process; two thin cylindrical bow-shaped appendages protruding backward of distal part, length of appendages 0.6 (- 0.7) of the length of plate; anal plate and appendages glabrous.Published as part of Qian, Changyuan, Chu, Kelin, Liu, Xiaorui & Sun, Hongying, 2014, Four new species of Pauropoda (Brachypauropodidae, Eurypauropodidae, Pauropodidae) from the Sanqingshan Mountains, Jiangxi Province, China, pp. 81-91 in Zootaxa 3764 (1) on pages 82-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/28555

The Enkurgram: A characteristic frequency extraction method for fluid machinery based on multi-band demodulation strategy

International audienc

Stylopauropus biaristatus Qian, sp. n.

Stylopauropus biaristatus Qian sp. n. (Figure 4) Type material. Holotype. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 13 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu Paratypes. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 10 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 13 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu Etymology. From the Latin bi = two and arista = seta (referring to the two posterior appendages of the anal plate). Diagnosis. The new species may be close to Stylopauropus sulcatoidus Scheller, 2005,from North Carolina, USA. They have similarities especially in the structure of the pygidium, but the new species is distinguished from S. sulcatoidus by the following characters: t as long as s in S. sulcatoidus; t is longer than s in S. biaristatus sp. n.; a 1, a 2, a 3 striate and pubescent in S. sulcatoidus; in S. biaristatus sp. n. with striate. The posterior margin of the pygidial tergum with broad cleft between a 1 with many short, stout, straight and erect pubescence hairs in S. sulcatoidus, in S. biaristatus sp. n. is no cleft and glabrous margin. The shape of the anal plate is another distinguishing character: heart-shaped with posteromedian incision in S. sulcatoidus; in S. biaristatus sp. n. with two posterior incisions. The posterior of the anal plate in S. sulcatoidus with two short, clavate, pubescence; thin cylindrical striate appendages in S. biaristatus sp. n.; anal plate pubescence in S. sulcatoidus, glabrous in S. biaristatus sp. n. Description. Length. 0.45 (- 0.68) mm Head. Tergal setae of short to medium length, subcylindrical, densely annulate, blunt. Relative lengths of setae, 1 st row: a 1 = 10, a 2 = (9.4 -) 10.6; 2 nd row: a 1 = 9.4 (- 10), a 2 = 16.7 (- 18), a 3 = (10 -) 13.3; 3 rd row: a 1 = 12.8 (- 13), a 2 = (11.6 -) 12.8; 4 th row: a 1 = 13.8 (- 16), a 2 = 21 (-?), a 3 = (18 -) 21, a 4 = 16.7 (- 17); The ratio a 1 / a 1 – a 1 in 1 st row 0.7 (- 1.0), 2 nd row 0.4, 3 rd row 0.4 and 4 th row 0.7 (- 0.8). Head cuticle glabrous. Antennae. Segment 4 with four cylindrical setae; Relative lengths of setae: p = 100, p ' = 70 (- 71), p '' = 55 (- 62), r = (15 -) 17; Tergal seta p 0.8 (- 0.9) of the length of tergal branch t. The latter fusiform, 3.1 (- 3.6) times as long as its greatest diameter and (1.1 -) 1.2 times as long as sternal branch s; that branch 1.9 (- 2.1) times as long as its greatest diameter. Seta q cylindrical, with annulate, 0.5 (- 0.7) times as long as s. Relative lengths of flagella (basal segments included) and basal segments: F 1 = 100, bs 1 = 8 (- 9); F 2 = 73 (- 74), bs 2 = 7.6 (- 9.5); F 3 = (81 -) 83, bs 3 = (6.7 -) 8.5. The F 3 thinnest; F 1 (2.3 -) 2.5 times as long as t, F 2 and F 3 2.0 (- 2.1) and (2.2 -) 2.3 times as long as s respectively. Distal calyces helmet-shaped; distal part of flagella axes cylindrical. Globulus g 1.9 times as long as wide; about nine bracts, capsule subspherical; width of g 1.3 (- 1.5) of the greatest diameter of t. Antennae almost glabrous. Trunk. Setae on tergites thin, cylindrical; 4 + 4 setae on tergite I, 6 + 6 on II–IV, 6 + 4 on V, 4 + 2 on VI. Bothriotricha. T 1 = 100, T 2 = 95 (- 98), T 3 = 104 (- 108), T 4 = (103 -) 107, T 5 = 135 (- 140), all with simple straight axes and with pubescence thin erect. Legs. Tarsus of leg 9 slender, (3.6 -) 4.0 times as long as greatest diameter; setae curved, dista seta straight, blunt, annulate, proximal seta long, pointed, pubescent, 0.2 (- 0.3) of length of tarsus, 1.5 (- 2.1) of length of distal seta. Pygidium. Tergum. Posterior margin with broad indentation between a 1 setaeis glabrous. Relative lengths of setae: a 1 = 100, a 2 = (138 -) 141, a 3 = 173 (- 180), st = (75 -) 81.8. All setae but st pointed, densely annulate; st blunt, subcylindrical, curved inwards, glabrous; Distance a 1 – a 1 (1.7 -) 1.9 times as long as a 1; distance a 1 – a 2 (2.0 -) 2.5 times as long as a 2 – a 3; distance st–st 1.9 (- 2.1) times as long as st and 0.83 of length of distance a 1 – a 1. Sternum. Posterior margin with shallow indentation between b 1. Relative lengths of setae (a 1 = 100): b 1 = 282 (- 299). All setae subcylindrical, pointed. Distance b 1 – b 1 1.2 (- 1.5) of length of b 1. Anal plate. Narrowest anteriorly, approximately heart-shaped, posterior margin with two incisions and rounded posterolateral corners; two short, cylindrical appendages, 0.6 times of the length of the plate, extending backwards from posterior part of tergal side. Plate glabrous, appendages with striate, distal part helmet-shaped. FIGURE 4. Stylopauropus biaristatus Qian sp. n. holotype (female). A, right antenna, ventral view. B, pygidium, tergal view. C, head, submedian and right part, tergal view. D, tarsus of leg 9. E, T 5. F, T 3. G, collum segment, median and left part, sterna view.Published as part of Qian, Changyuan, Chu, Kelin, Liu, Xiaorui & Sun, Hongying, 2014, Four new species of Pauropoda (Brachypauropodidae, Eurypauropodidae, Pauropodidae) from the Sanqingshan Mountains, Jiangxi Province, China, pp. 81-91 in Zootaxa 3764 (1) on pages 89-90, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/28555

Four new species of Pauropoda (Brachypauropodidae, Eurypauropodidae, Pauropodidae) from the Sanqingshan Mountains, Jiangxi Province, China

Qian, Changyuan, Chu, Kelin, Liu, Xiaorui, Sun, Hongying (2014): Four new species of Pauropoda (Brachypauropodidae, Eurypauropodidae, Pauropodidae) from the Sanqingshan Mountains, Jiangxi Province, China. Zootaxa 3764 (1): 81-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.1.

Samarangopus dilatare Qian, sp. n.

Samarangopus dilatare Qian sp. n. (Figure 2) Type material. Holotype. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 5 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu. Paratypes. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 7 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 6 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu. ad. 9 (female), Sanqingshan, Jiangxi, 8 July 2012, leg. Qian & Chu. Etymology. From Latin dilatare = widened, inflated (referring to the shape of the lateral margins of the branches of the anal plate). Diagnosis. Samarangopus dilatare sp. n., is closely related to the seven species previously described in this genus, S. poculifer and S. umbonifer Scheller 1995 from Chiang Mai province, Thailand; S. papuensis Scheller 1996 from Papua New Guinea; S. proekes Scheller 2001 from Sabah; S. campanulatus Scheller 2004 from Kien Giang province, Vietnam; S. tuberosus Scheller 2007 from Labrador Hill, Singapore; S. amplissimus Scheller 2009 from Sumatra, Padang, Kotomalintang, Indonesia. The new species can be distinguished from them by comparing the shape of the tergal setae. a 1 cylindrical, blunt, straight, curved inwards, distal part granular; a 2 similar to a 1 but clavate and converging; a 3 tapering, diverging, distal part granular; st lanceolate, glabrous in S. pucolifer; a 1 cylindrical, curved inwards, glabrous; a 2 clavate, glabrous; a 3 tapering, pointed, with oblique pubescence; st clavate, glabrous, curved inwards in S. umbonifer; a 1, a 2, a 3 cylindrical, blunt, with pubescence, st lanceolate, glabrous in S. papuensis; a 1 and a 2 clavate, with very short pubescence distally, diverging; a 3 subcylindrical, glabrous, curved inwards and somewhat diverging in S. proekes; a 1 and a 2 somewhat clavate, the former cured inwards and the latter almost straight; a 3 straight, cylindrical, somewhat tapering, diverging; st straight, lanceolate in S. campanulatus; a 1, a 2, a 3 glabrous, straight, cylindrical; st lanceolate, curved inwards, directed posteriorly in S. tuberosus; a 1 thin tapering pointed, only faintly pubescent, a 2, a 3 thick clavate, with dense erect pubescence, st lanceolate, narrowing distally, shortly pubescent in S. amplissimus. In contrast, a 1 widening, a 2, a 3 cylindrical, blunt, glabrous, st thin, tapering, glabrous in the new species. Another good distinguishing character is the shape of the anal plate. Lateral margins with a pair of thin, diverging, somewhat clavate, striated, curved branches in S. poculifer; posterior branches cut at right angles to length, with submedian appendages longer than width of branch in S. umbonifer; lateral margins with a pair of thin, diverging, cylindrical, striate branches in S. papuensis; broadest part with evenly rounded margins, two thin, cylindrical, blunt, appendages protrude obliquely backwards in S. proekes; broadest part forming indistinct posterolateral corners, from there two short, thin, cylindrical, blunt, pubescent appendages protruding obliquely backwards in S. campanulatus; later margins convex anteriorly, concave posteriorly, V-shaped incision into two tube-like branches in S. tuberosus; lateral margins without branches in S. amplissimus. In contrast, the lateral margins with a pair of thin, diverging, cylindrical, distal part faintly inflated, glabrous branches in Samarangopus dilatare sp. n. Description. Length. 1.33 (- 1.50) mm. Antennae. Chaetotaxy of segments 1– 4: 2 / 2 / 2 / 3. All setae but p ’ thin, cylindrical, annulated; p ’ pointed, annulated. Relative lengths of setae on segment 4: p = 100, p ' = (130 -) 133, p " = 90 (- 93). Tergal branch t fusiform, 2.9 (- 3.1) times as wide as greatest diameter and 1.0 (- 1.1) times as long as sternal branch s. That branch (1.9 -) 2.8 times as long as greatest diameter, anterodistal corner distinctly truncate. Seta q similar to setae of segment 4, almost straight, 0.66 of the length of s. Relative lengths of flagella (base segments included) and base segments: F 1 = 100, bs 1 = 16 (- 18), F 2 = (52 -) 53 (- 58), bs 2 = 10 (- 11), F 3 = (78 -) 90 (- 100), bs 3 = 15 (- 18). F 1 (3.5 -) 3.9 times as long as t, F 2 and F 3 (1.9 -) 2.0 and (2.9 -) 3.4 times as long as sternal branch s. Calyces of F 1 helmetshaped, subhemispherical on F 2 and F 3. Globulus g with conical stalk, length of g (1.7 -) 1.9 times as long as greatest diameter, the latter 0.5 (- 0.6) of greatest diameter of t. Eight bracts, capsule subspherical. Stalk of capsule in paratypes with one lamella (similar to those on flagella). Trunk. Setae of collum segment similar, furcate, branches thin, tapering, pointed, glabrous. Process glabrous, distinctly concave laterally, small anterior incision. Appendages glabrous, caps flat. Tergite densely covered with protuberances densely. Three main types of protuberances: 1. large, stalked, with at least basal part of lateral sides turned upward, larger ones hollow and distally pointed; these protuberances on anterior margin of tergite I and on lateral margins of I–VI; 2. smaller fungiform structures with transparent hat and subcylindrical foot, a pore leading from top into stalk; 3. many small endocuticular rods or canals. Number of marginal protuberances: I, 36; II, 1 small- T 1 - 1 small- 9; III, 1 small- 9 - T 2 -l small- 6; IV, 12 - T 3-5; V, 13 - T 4 - 4; VI, 6 - T 5 -l.. Bothriotricha. All with thin axes and short almost erect pubescence, T 1, T 2, T 4 and T 5 with distal part curled, T 3 almost straight with thicker axis and distal 1 / 4 flat, ovoid, glabrous. Relative lengths of bothriotricha: T 1 = 100, T 2 = 101 (- 103), T 3 = (66 -) 75, T 4 = 85 (- 92), T 5 = 105 (- 108). Legs. All legs 5 -segmented. Setae on coxa and trochanter of leg 9 furcate, both branches of similar length, thin, cylindrical, glabrous. On more anterior legs these setae with rudimentary secondary branches; seta on coxa of leg 2 in male not deviating. Tarsi tapering, those of leg 9 1.8 (- 1.9) times as long as greatest diameter; tergal setae, pointed, glabrous, proximal seta 0.36 of the length of tarsus and 1.3 times as long as distal seta. No proximal seta on tarsus of leg 1. All legs with large main claw, those of leg 9 0.7 times as long as tarsi. Pygidium. Tergum. Posterior margin with two large triangular lobes projecting backward behind setae a 3, lobes as long as a 2, the latter inserted near inner base. Setae a 1, a 2 and a 3 curved inward, a 2 also converging and distally clavate, a 1 and a 3 cylindrical, almost glabrous, st somewhat converging, lanceolate, glabrous. Relative lengths of setae: a 1 = 10, a 2 = 7.5, a 3 = 13.5 (- 15), st = 13. Sternum. Posterior margin with shallow indentation, two very low bulges just below anal plate. Setae thin, tapering, pointed, only b 3 striate most distally; their relative lengths (pygidial a 1 = 10): b 1 = 68.5, b 2 = (24 -) 26.5, b 3 = (14 -) 17. b 1 1.4 times as long as interdistance, b 2 (0.8 -) 0.9 of distance b 1 – b 2, b 3 0.51 of interdistance. Anal plate 1.9 times as long as broad, strongly tapering posteriorly; lateral margins with a pair of thin, diverging, cylindrical, distal part faintly inflated, glabrous branches which are 0.38 of the length of plate; posterior third divided lengthways by a narrow U shaped incision into two tapering appendages with straight margins, ends of appendages with thorn like prolongation of inner margins; posterior appendages with stalked bladders which are pointed distally and covered with a short but dense granule; bladders 2.5 times longer than wide, 0.48 of the length of plate. FIGURE 2. Samarangopus dilatare Qian sp. n. holotype (female). A, right antenna, tergal view. B, pygidium, left part, sternal view. C, leg 9. D, T 3 (below), T 5. E, anteriomedian margin of tergite I with three large wedge-shaped protuberances, tergal view. F, fungiform protuberance, lateral view. G, right anteriolateral corner of tergite II with large protuberances. H, Collum segment, median and right part, sternal view.Published as part of Qian, Changyuan, Chu, Kelin, Liu, Xiaorui & Sun, Hongying, 2014, Four new species of Pauropoda (Brachypauropodidae, Eurypauropodidae, Pauropodidae) from the Sanqingshan Mountains, Jiangxi Province, China, pp. 81-91 in Zootaxa 3764 (1) on pages 84-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3764.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/28555

Decapauropus bidrepanoides Qian, sp. nov.

Decapauropus bidrepanoides Qian sp. nov. (Figure 4) Type material. Holotype. ad. 9 (female), The Sea of bamboos, Jiangsu, 23 May 2010, leg. Qian et al. Paratypes. ad. 9 (female), The Sea of bamboos, Jiangsu, 24 May 2010, leg. Qian et al. Paratypes. ad. 9 (female), Laoshan Mountain, Jiangsu, 23 September 2011, leg. Qian et al. Diagnosis. Shape of the anal plate indicates that this new species is close to Stylopauropoides hetaerosr Scheller 2009 from Big Sassy Creek, Australia. Their anal plates are divided longitudinally by a V–shaped incision into two branches, and with distal short inner process directed obliquely inwards. But these two species can be clearly distinguished by the character of the antennae, which divided them into distinct genus. Having no shortstalked distal appendage present on each branch in D. bidrepanoides differs from S. hetaerosr. Etymology. From the Latin bi - = two and drepanoides = falciform (referring to the shape of the anal plate). Description. Length. (0.56 –) 0.59 (– 0.64) mm Head. Tergal setae of short to medium length, subcylindrical, densely annulate, blunt. Relative lengths of setae, 1 st row: a 1 = 10, a 2 = 10 (– 11); 2 nd row: a 1 = 10 (– 12), a 2 =(8 –) 9 (– 10), a 3 = 8 (– 9); 3 rd row: a 1 =(14 –) 17 (– 18), a 2 =(19 –) 21 (– 22); 4 th row: a 1 =(11 –) 12 (– 13), a 2 =(22 –) 24 (– 26), a 3 =(21 –) 24 (–?), a 4 =(?–) 17 (– 18); The ratio a 1 / a 1 – a 1 in 1 st row 0.9 (–1.0), 2 nd row 0.56 (– 0.79), 3 rd row (1.3 –) 1.4 and 4 th row (2.5 –) 2.8 (–3.0). Temporal organs oval in tergal view, their length 1.5 times as long as their shortest distance apart. Head cuticle glabrous. Antennae. Segment 4 with four cylindrical setae; relative lengths of setae: p = 100, p' =(74 –) 81.5, p'' =(37 –) 48, r = 30 (– 37); Tergal seta p (0.6) 0.7 of length of tergal branch t. The latter fusiform, 4.3 (3.9) times as long as its greatest diameter and 1.5 (1.8) times as long as sternal branch s; that branch 2.8 (2.4) times as long as its greatest diameter; anterodistal corner of s truncate. Seta q cylindrical, annulate, blunt, 1.1 times as long as s. Relative lengths of flagella (basal segments included) and basal segments: F 1 = 100, bs 1 = 10; F 2 = 88 (– 92), bs 2 = 9; F 3 = 80 (– 84), bs 3 = 8. F 1 1.4 times as long as t, F 2 and F 3 1.8 (– 2.1) and (1.4 –) 1.6 times as long as s, respectively. Distal calyces conical; distal part of flagella axes fusiform. Globulus g with flattened capsule. (1.1 –) 1.2 times as long as wide; about nine bracts, capsule subspherical; width of g 1.0(– 1.1) times as long as greatest diameter of t. Antennae almost glabrous. Trunk. Setae of collum segment clavate, striate, distal segment large, rudiments of secondary branches probably absent. Sublateral setae 1.6 times as long as submedian ones; sternite process triangular, blunt; appendages narrowing distally and with flat caps, glabrous. Setae on tergites thin, cylindrical, on anterior tergites as on head, on posterior tergites tapering pointed with short pubescence distally; 4 + 4 setae on tergite I, 6 + 6 on II–IV, 6 + 4 on V, 4 + 2 on VI. Relative lengths of bothriotricha: T 1 = 100, T 2 =(85 –) 90 (– 95), T 3 = 110 (– 122), T 4 =(120 –) 125 (– 130), T 5 =(160 –) 166 (– 170), all with simple straight axes; all with pubescence thin erect. Legs. Setae on coxa and trochanter of leg 9 similar, furcated with subcylindrical blunt branches. Tarsus of leg 9 short, somewhat tapering, 3.0 times as long as its greatest diameter. Setae subsimilar, thin, cylindrical, with short pubescence. their length 0.3 of length of tarsus. Cuticle of tarsus with very delicate pubescence on the distal and terminal. Pygidium. Tergum. Posterior margin between st straight. Relative lengths of setae: a 1 = 100, a 2 =(89 –) 100 (– 105), a 3 =(126 –) 132 (– 137), st =(47 –) 53. All setae point, thin, glabrous; distance a 1 –a 1 1.0(– 1.1) times as long as a 1; distance a 1 – a 2 1.6 (– 1.7) times as long as a 2 – a 3; distance st – st (3.0–) 3.2 (– 3.4) times as long as st and (1.5 –) 1.6 times as long as distance a 1 – a 1. Sternum. Posterior margin with shallow indication between b 1. Relative lengths of setae (a 1 = 100): b 1 =(237 –) 253 (– 263), b 2 =(105 –) 116 (– 121). All setae subcylindrical, blunt, point. Distance b 1 – b 1 (0.74 –) 0.78 (– 0.88) of length of b 1; distance b 1 – b 2 1.3 (– 1.75) times as long as b 2. Anal plate. 0.3 times of length of broad, hemispherical, lateral margins rounded, globrous; from distal part of anal plate, two curved inwards, pincerlike appendages, 2.9 times as long as plate, appendages with short oblique pubescence.Published as part of Qian, Changyuan, Dong, Yan, Guo, Hua, Chu, Kelin & Sun, Hongying, 2013, Pauropods (Myriapoda: Pauropoda) from eastern China, descriptions of three new species and revision of Pauropus bifurcus Zhang & Chen, 1988, pp. 116-126 in Zootaxa 3608 (2) on pages 123-125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3608.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/22267