38 research outputs found
Trioctahedral entities in palygorskite: Near-infrared evidence for sepiolite-palygorskite polysomatism
The mixed dioctahedral-trioctahedral character of Mg-rich palygorskite has been previously described by the formula
yMg5 Si8 O20(OH)2(OH2)4(1–y)[xMg2Fe2(1–x)Mg2 Al2] Si8 O20(OH)2(OH2)4, where y is the trioctahedral fraction of this two-chain
ribbon mineral with an experimentally determined upper limit of y 0.5 and x is the FeIII content in the M2 sites of the dioctahedral
component. Ideal trioctahedral (y ¼ 1) palygorskite is elusive, although sepiolite Mg8Si12O30(OH)4(OH2)4 with a similar composition,
three-chain ribbon structure and distinct XRD pattern is common. A set of 22 samples identified by XRD as palygorskite and
with variable composition (0 , x , 0.7, 0 , y , 0.5) were studied to extrapolate the structure of an ideal trioctahedral (y ¼ 1)
palygorskite and to compare this structure to sepiolite. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to study the influence of octahedral
composition on the structure of the TOT ribbons, H2O in the tunnels and surface silanols of palygorskite, as well as their response to
loss of zeolitic H2O. All spectroscopic evidence suggests that palygorskite consists of discrete dioctahedral and trioctahedral entities.
The dioctahedral entities have variable structure determined solely by x=FeIII/(Al+FeIII) and their content is proportional to (1–y). In
contrast, the trioctahedral entities have fixed octahedral composition or ribbon structure and are spectroscopically identical to
sepiolite. The value of d200 in palygorskite follows the regression d200 (A°)= 6.362 + 0.129 x(1–y) + 0.305y, R2 = 0.96, σ = 0.013A°.
When extrapolated to y = 1,d200 is identical to sepiolite. Based on this analysis, we propose that palygorskite samples with non-zero
trioctahedral character should be considered as members of a polysomatic series of sepiolite and (dioctahedral) palygorskite described
by the new formula y'Mg8 Si12 O30(OH)4(OH2)4.(1–y')[x'Mg2Fe2(1–x')Mg2Al2]Si8O20(OH)2(OH2)4, with 0 < x'= x < 0.7 and 0 < y'
= y/(2–y) < 0.33
Use of 18F-fluoride PET to determine the appropriate tissue sampling region for improved sensitivity of tissue examinations in cases of suspected periprosthetic infection after total hip arthroplasty
Modification by high pressure of fluctuation paraconductivity of underdoped HoBa2Cu3O7-δ single crystals
Structural Similarity on Multiple Length Scales and Its Relation to Devitrification Mechanism: A Solid-State NMR Study of Alkali Diborate Glasses and Crystals
Octahedral cation distribution in palygorskite
The OH speciation of 18 palygorskite samples from various localities were evaluated by near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and compared to the corresponding octahedral composition derived from independent, single-particle analytical electron microscopy (AEM). NIR gives evidence for dioctahedral-like (AlAlOH, AlFe3+OH, Fe3+Fe3+OH) and trioctahedral-like (Mg3OH) species. Therefore, palygorskite can be approximated by the formula yMg5 Si8O20(OH)2·(1 – y)[xMg2Fe2·(1 – x)Mg2Al2]Si8O20(OH)2, where x is the Fe content of the dioctahedral component, and y is the trioctahedral fraction. The values of x estimated from the NIR data are in excellent agreement with the Fe/(VIAl + Fe) ratio from AEM (R2 = 0.98, σ = 0.03), thus suggesting that all octahedral Al and Fe in palygorskite participate in M2M2OH (dioctahedral-like) arrangements. Furthermore, y values from AEM can be compared to NIR (R2 = 0.90 and σ = 0.05) after calibrating the relative intensity of the Mg3OH vs. (Al,Fe)2OH overtone bands using AEM data. The agreement between the spectroscopic and analytical data are excellent. The data show that Fe3+ for Al substitution varies continuously in the analyzed samples over a broad range (0 < x < 0.7), suggesting that fully ferric dioctahedral palygorskites (x = 1) may exist. On the other hand, the observed upper trioctahedral limit of y = 0.50 calls for the detailed structural comparison of Mg-rich palygorskite with sepiolite
Laser-Raman and FT-IR spectroscopic studies of peptide-analogues of silkmoth chorion protein segments
Journal URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0141813
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A Critical Assessment of the Golden Hour and the Impact of Procedural Timing in Stroke Thrombectomy
Previous studies in acute ischemic stroke have demonstrated the importance of minimizing delays to endovascular treatment and keeping thrombectomy procedural times at <30-60 minutes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of thrombectomy procedural times on clinical outcomes.
We retrospectively compared 319 patients having undergone thrombectomy according to procedural time (60 minutes) and time from stroke onset to endovascular therapy (≤6 or >6 hours). Clinical characteristics of patients with postprocedural intracranial hemorrhage were also assessed. Logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of poor outcome at 90 days (mRS ≥3).
Greater age (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06;
= .016), higher admission NIHSS score (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.16;
= .001), history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.05-3.65;
= .034), and postprocedural intracranial hemorrhage were independently associated with greater odds of poor outcome. Modified TICI scale scores of 2c (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04-0.28;
< .001) and 3 (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.06-0.38;
6 hours was independently associated with increased odds of poor outcome (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.11-4.36;
= .024) in the final multivariate model (area under the curve = 0.820). Procedural time was not independently associated with clinical outcome in the final multivariate model (
> .05).
Thrombectomy procedural times beyond 60 minutes are associated with lower revascularization rates and worse 90-day outcomes. Procedural time itself was not an independent predictor of outcome. While stroke thrombectomy procedures should be performed rapidly, our study emphasizes the significance of achieving revascularization despite the requisite procedural time. However, the potential for revascularization must be weighed against the risks associated with multiple thrombectomy attempts
Determination of complex-specific heat and fragility of sodium borate glasses by temperature-modulated DSC
Glassy Ionics - Discussion
Journal URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0022309