Effect of different constant temperature on the pre-oviposition, oviposition, post-oviposition periods (days), fecundity and longevity of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.

<p>Effect of different constant temperature on the pre-oviposition, oviposition, post-oviposition periods (days), fecundity and longevity of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.</p

Validation of the developed phenology model through comparison of observed and simulated population growth parameters of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.

<p>Validation of the developed phenology model through comparison of observed and simulated population growth parameters of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.</p

Validation of the developed phenology model through comparison of observed and simulated developmental and mortality rates of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i> life stages.

<p>Validation of the developed phenology model through comparison of observed and simulated developmental and mortality rates of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i> life stages.</p

Risk assessment and spread of the potentially invasive <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> Karsch and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i> De Meyer, Mwatawala & Virgilio sp. Nov. using life-cycle simulation models: Implications for phytosanitary measures and management - Fig 4

<p>Temperature-dependent senescence rates (1/days) for adult <i>C</i>. <i>rosa</i> females (4a) and <i>C</i>. <i>rosa</i> males (4b); and for <i>C</i>. <i>quilicii</i> females (4c) and <i>C</i>. <i>quilicii</i> males (4d). Fitted curves: Exponential model for both sexes for each fruit fly species. The upper and lower 95% confidence intervals of the models are indicated. Bar represent standard deviation of the mean.</p

Life table parameters of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i> estimated at different constant temperature regimes.

<p>Life table parameters of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i> estimated at different constant temperature regimes.</p

Estimated parameters (mean ± SE) of the exponential function: <i>r</i>(<i>T</i>) = <i>b</i>1.<i>exp</i>(<i>b</i>2.<i>T</i>); fitted to the mean senescence rates for adult life stages of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.

<p>Estimated parameters (mean ± SE) of the exponential function: <i>r</i>(<i>T</i>) = <i>b</i>1.<i>exp</i>(<i>b</i>2.<i>T</i>); fitted to the mean senescence rates for adult life stages of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.</p

Relationship of the total eggs per <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i> female with temperature (Guassian denomination function), and age-related cumulative proportion of progeny produced (Gamma function).

<p>Relationship of the total eggs per <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i> female with temperature (Guassian denomination function), and age-related cumulative proportion of progeny produced (Gamma function).</p

Estimated parameters (mean ± SE) of the exponential model: <i>f</i>(<i>T</i>) = <i>exp</i> (<i>b</i>1 + <i>b</i>2.<i>x</i> + <i>b</i>3.<i>x</i>²; fitted to mortality rate for eggs, larva and pupa stages of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.

<p>Estimated parameters (mean ± SE) of the exponential model: <i>f</i>(<i>T</i>) = <i>exp</i> (<i>b</i>1 + <i>b</i>2.<i>x</i> + <i>b</i>3.<i>x</i>²; fitted to mortality rate for eggs, larva and pupa stages of <i>Ceratitis rosa</i> and <i>Ceratitis quilicii</i>.</p