Proteomics Indicators of the Rapidly Shifting Physiology from Whole Mountain Pine Beetle, <i>Dendroctonus ponderosae</i> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Adults during Early Host Colonization

<div><p>We developed proteome profiles for host colonizing mountain pine beetle adults, <i>Dendroctonus ponderosae</i> Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Adult insects were fed in pairs on fresh host lodgepole pine, <i>Pinus contorta</i> Dougl. ex Loud, phloem tissue. The proteomes of fed individuals were monitored using iTRAQ and compared to those of starved beetles, revealing 757 and 739 expressed proteins in females and males, respectively, for which quantitative information was obtained. Overall functional category distributions were similar for males and females, with the majority of proteins falling under carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, citric acid cycle), structure (cuticle, muscle, cytoskeleton), and protein and amino acid metabolism. Females had 23 proteins with levels that changed significantly with feeding (<i>p<0.05</i>, FDR<0.20), including chaperones and enzymes required for vitellogenesis. In males, levels of 29 proteins changed significantly with feeding (<i>p<0.05</i>, FDR<0.20), including chaperones as well as motor proteins. Only two proteins, both chaperones, exhibited a significant change in both females and males with feeding. Proteins with differential accumulation patterns in females exhibited higher fold changes with feeding than did those in males. This difference may be due to major and rapid physiological changes occurring in females upon finding a host tree during the physiological shift from dispersal to reproduction. The significant accumulation of chaperone proteins, a cytochrome P450, and a glutathione S-transferase, indicate secondary metabolite-induced stress physiology related to chemical detoxification during early host colonization. The females' activation of vitellogenin only after encountering a host indicates deliberate partitioning of resources and a balancing of the needs of dispersal and reproduction.</p></div

Functional distribution of detected proteins that were unique to each sex.

<p>Functional distribution of detected proteins that were unique to each sex.</p

Volcano plots of iTRAQ protein quantification ratios in female (a) and male (b) iTRAQ runs.

<p>Points above the horizontal line represent proteins with significant (<i>p<0.05</i>) differences between starved and fed treatments, with points with FDR<0.2 marked as “x”.</p

General functional proportions of all proteins.

<p>Detected proteins were divided into generalized functional groups based on gene ontology information from UNIprot.</p

comatick

komatik nA long, large sled drawn by dogs and used by persons, fourteen feet as used by Eskimos.PRINTED ITEMG.M.Story July 1959Used I and SupUsed I1Not usedkoamatic, komatic, comatic, comatick, commeteck, kamutik, kometik, ESKIMO SLED, komatik-box, COACH BOX, komatik-dog, ESKIMO DOG, QAMUTIK, ~ box, ~ sideChecked by Raji Sreeni on Mon 03 Aug 201

Summary information for significantly (padj<0.01) up-regulated cytochromes P450 in fed versus starved females and males including the number of reads in each EST library 01 to14 with greater than 99% nucleotide identity.

*<p>Abbreviations are as follows, Fem: females, ant: antennae only library, Adult mid: adult midgut and fatbody tissue only library, JH: juvenile hormone treated, MT: monoterpene treated, Fed: allowed to feed on lodgepole pine, cold: sampled during overwintering. For complete information on the contents of each EST library, please see Keeling et al. 2012.</p

Mountain pine beetle host colonization transcriptomics

<p>Contains two XLXS files of transcriptomic data entitled:</p> <p>"Quantitative differences in gene transcript levels between <em>Dendroctonus ponderosae</em> starved females and those that have been fed in lodgepole pine for 24 hours"</p> <p>and</p> <p>"Quantitative differences in gene transcript levels between <em>Dendroctonus ponderosae</em> starved males and those that have been fed in lodgepole pine for 24 hours"</p> <p><em>Project title –</em> "Disentangling detoxification: Gene expression analysis of mountain pine beetle adults feeding on lodgepole pine illuminates molecular-level host chemical defense detoxification mechanisms."</p> <p>The article associated with the generation and analysis of this data is available at PLOS ONE:</p> <p>http://www.plosone.org/article/metrics/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0077777</p

Identified Mountain Pine Beetle Cytochrome P450 Gene Transcripts.

<p>Phylogeny of all identified full-length cytochromes P450 identified in the mountain pine beetle genome as compared to cytochrome P450 sequences from the genomes of <i>Apis melifera</i>, <i>Bombyx mori</i>, and <i>Tribolium castaeum</i> (figure modified from 29). Significantly changing cytochrome P450 transcripts are highlighted, and the direction of change is designated by arrows; female transcripts are in pink, male transcripts are in blue.</p

Summary table for significantly (padj<0.01) increasing and decreasing anti-viral and anti-microbial immune response transcripts in fed versus starved males and females including the number of reads in each EST library 01 to14 with greater than 99% nucleotide identity.

<p>Summary table for significantly (padj<0.01) increasing and decreasing anti-viral and anti-microbial immune response transcripts in fed versus starved males and females including the number of reads in each EST library 01 to14 with greater than 99% nucleotide identity.</p

Summary table for significantly (padj<0.01) increasing and decreasing glucosyl transferases in fed versus starved males and females including the number of reads in each EST library 01 to14 with greater than 99% nucleotide identity.

<p>Summary table for significantly (padj<0.01) increasing and decreasing glucosyl transferases in fed versus starved males and females including the number of reads in each EST library 01 to14 with greater than 99% nucleotide identity.</p