Analysis of time to first choice between <i>pseudomajus</i> and <i>striatum</i> plants.

<p>Anova-tests were carried out on Cox models modeling the probability to make a choice after a certain time, with bee experience and type of available plant signals as fixed effects, and hive and bee nested within hive as random factors. Each fixed effect was tested by controlling for the influence of all other fixed effects of equal or lower degree.</p

Flight cage used for bumblebee training procedure.

<p>Plants are of the subspecies <i>A</i>. <i>majus striatum</i> (yellow-flowered).</p

Analysis of bumblebee preference between the two <i>A</i>. <i>majus</i> subspecies, on the basis of their first choice.

<p>*** <i>P</i> < 0.001</p><p>** <i>P</i> < 0.01</p><p>* <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p>Log-likelihood ratio tests were performed on generalized linear mixed model modeling the probability to choose the <i>striatum</i> plant, with bee experience, type of available plant signals, and position of the <i>striatum</i> plant as fixed effects, and hive and bee nested within hive as random factors. Each fixed effect was tested by controlling for the influence of all other fixed effects of equal or lower degree.</p

Amino-acids variants observed at the <i>MC1R</i> locus in 51 <i>Z. borbonicus</i> individuals representing the four Réunion morphs and nine <i>Z. mauritianus</i> individuals.

<p>For each variant the corresponding nucleotide substitution is indicated, with its state (heterozygous or homozygous) in each morph and species studied here. Sequences were numbered in reference to the chicken genome (Genbank accession number: AY220305).</p

Results for McDonald-Kreitman neutrality test.

<p><i>Zosterops japonicus</i> sequence was used as an outgroup. NS: non-significant.</p