The TIGER Model: Application of detailed passenger and freight transport in a regional CGE setting

The present paper describes the construction and first empirical application of the TIGER model (TIGER is an abbreviation of “Transport and Infrastructure General Equilibrium model for Regionsâ€). The TIGER model belongs to the group of regional CGE models, applying a mix of conventional modelling techniques used in standard computable general equilibrium models and New Economic Geography elements. The TIGER model can be used to evaluate transport policies on economic and environmental effects. Innovative features of the TIGER model are the detailed modelling of the transport sector and modelling of commuting and migration decisions. The approach of the TIGER model is to model cross-border related transport policies on a disaggregate level, with freight and passenger transport flows, allowing for different transport modes (road, water, rail), distinguishing between public and private transport, and for different transport motives. Commuting trips will be modelled in detail, by a location-attraction function, jointly determining area of residence and place of work. The TIGER model is constructed as a regional model on the NUTS-3 level for Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg and a part of Germany, where regions are linked by interregional trade flows, transport trips and migration. In a similar way the model can be extended to all NUTS-3 regions in Europe. This paper will relate on the construction of the database for the model and the addition of innovative elements in the model, necessary to model transnational passenger and freight flows. The construction of the model is based on the available data in the TRANSTOOLS database. The detail offered by the TIGER model allows for a quantitative evaluation of effects of several transport policies with a transnational dimension in the Benelux and Germany. We will present results of the TIGER model based on a current project in the Benelux.

The SUSTRUS model: a CGE model on regional level for sustainability policies in Russia

The present paper describes the construction and first empirical application of the SUSTRUS model (the name of the model refers to “Sustainable Russiaâ€). This model will be the main result of the same-named EU funded project. The SUSTRUS model belongs to the group of regional CGE models, applied to analyze policies with a strong social, economic and environmental dimension. The SUSTRUS model can be used to assist policy makers in their choice of medium and long-term sustainability policies, for the implementation of the EU strategy for sustainable development in Russia as well as an efficient incorporation of the sustainability goals into the existing Russian policy tools on regional and federal levels. The SUSRUS model is constructed as a regional model on federal level, where regions are linked by interregional trade flows, a federal government level and migration. This paper will relate on the calibration of the database for the model and the addition of innovative elements in the model, necessary to model the link between the environmental, social, economic and international modules. The main data sources for the model are the public databases of Rosstat and the micro-level household data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS). Calibration of the model database was performed by a flexible cross-entropy minimization sub model and standard applied general equilibrium techniques. The general structure of the model will be discussed, focusing on the innovative features of the model and the link between the environmental and economic modules. The application of the model will be shown by a simulation exercise and a presentation of the main results.

To raise or not to raise? Impact assessment of Russia’s incremental gas price reform

The growing momentum for gas price liberalization in Russia is increasingly constrained by fears of potentially strong adverse impact that market-based price setting principle will have on the economy. Based on a novel multi-regional, multi-sector and multi-household computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the Russian Federation, this paper presents a simple yet a flexible framework for evaluating gas price reform. We found that the reform is feasible at low economic cost, without greater disparities in terms of increased inequity within and between country’s federal districts. Large redistributive impacts can arise from specific mechanisms to recycle revenues. In terms of global environmental credentials, gas price liberalization can bring Russia on a substantially more sustainable path. The potential to foster adoption of energy efficiency measures by exploiting the revenue-recycling effect is, however, limited

A Service of zbw Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre for Economics Language and political power in the setting of a regional economic model: Application to Brussels Language and political power in the setting of a regional ec

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in ABSTRACT The city of Brussels has a unique position in Europe. It is not only the capital city of the European Union, it is also the capital of federal state of Belgium, of its two different language communities and of the government of the Brussels region. Independent of this, the city itself is composed of 19 communes with a (by comparison in Europe) large degree of independence from the central authority The present paper treats a city, much like the city of Brussels, and its border region as an urban employment center, shared by two language groups. Both groups commute to the city center and share a space in the urban labor market. We treat the locational preference of households in and around this city, taking into account the preference of each language group for public facilities in their native language. We first derive a first-best optimum for the whole city and derive the locational equilibrium of both groups. Then we consider restrictions to the availability of public facilities for each group, dependent on political restrictions or local regional preferences. In a last section, we consider the impact of transport infrastructure, a numeric overweight of one group and elaborate more on possible impacts of migration and agglomeration effects within the city. Innovative elements in the model are the treatment of the language groups and its implementation in the urban model. The paper treats how this can be introduced in an applied model for Brussels and gives directions for future work

On the construction and first empirical application of the new European Model for the Assessment of Environmental, Economic and Social effects of Sustainability Policies (EDIP)

The present paper describes the construction and first empirical application of the new European Model for the Assessment of Environmental, Economic and Social effects of Sustainability Policies (EDIP). The model is constructed using the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) framework, which takes as a basis the notion of the Walrasian equilibrium. The EDIP model is a dynamic, recursive over time, model, involving dynamics of capital accumulation and technology progress, stock and flow relationships and backward looking expectations. It includes the representation of the micro-economic behavior of the following economic agents: several types of households differentiated by 5 income quintiles, 3 degrees of urbanization and 6 family types; production sectors differentiated by 59 NACE classification categories; investment agent; federal government and external trade sector. EDIP includes detailed representation of the production technology of all major energy sectors as well as the complex substitution possibilities between different energy inputs. It also includes distinction between income classes, family types and education levels, which make the model applicable for assessment with social indicators in a quantitative way. The first version of the model has been applied to the estimation of the temporal economic, environmental and social effects of the energy taxation as described in the EU Energy Taxation Directive. The paper describes the results of this exercise in the form of welfare effects and changes in sustainability indicators and discusses the ways the EDIP model can be developed further

Benefits of informing travellers in case of extreme precipitation events: A model based case study for Zurich using MATSim

One expected effect of climate change will be an increase in intra- and inter-seasonal weather variations, including substantially more frequent and more severe weather extremes in several parts of Europe. A substantial part of the short term total economic costs caused by extreme weather events occur through an impaired transport system. This paper applies an innovative model-based analysis of the impact of weather extremes, taking the perspective of disruptions of the urban transport system. This analysis was performed with an agent-based micro-simulation model (MatSim), applied for the city of Zurich, Switzerland. The focus of the paper is on the response(s) of agents to extreme events that can help to reduce the cost of weather extremes on the basis of timely weather prediction. Concretely we simulate a series of major traffic disturbances on the road network, as well as a public transit disruption in Zurich, possibly (but not necessarily) caused by weather extremes. For each scenario, we differentiate agent responses between nothing (worst case), rerouting, switching between transport modes, rescheduling activities as well as relocating activities. When extreme events occur, we find that adaptive response of travellers play an essential role in mitigating the cost of extreme events, reducing the cost of ‘worst case’ scenarios with more than two thirds. The most effective strategies in our model being: rerouting (avoiding congested areas) as well as making modal changes (switching to non-congested modes)

The impact of extreme weather events on urban mobility in Switzerland: Combining a traffic micro-simulation with an economic macro-model

One expected effect of climate change will be an increase in intra- and inter-seasonal weather variations, including substantially more frequent and more severe weather extremes in several parts of Europe. A substantial part of the short term total economic costs (and hence indirect costs) caused by extreme weather events occur through an impaired transport system. This paper applies an innovative model-based analysis of the short and longer term impact of climate change, taking the perspective of disruptions of the urban transport system. Three different models, suitable to capture different aspects of the problem at hand, were combined. An agent-based micro simulation model (MatSim), a system-dynamics model of the Swiss transport market (MOVEET) and a general equilibrium model of the Swiss economy (EDIP). The final goal of this approach is to estimate the costs of disruptive events for climate change, as well as to estimate the impact of weather information for travellers. This paper contains the preliminary results of a test-case of the model linkage, using extreme precipitation for Zurich and Switzerland as a case-study. The full model linkage was run, but the results are not entirely conclusive. We find that the cost of extreme precipitation is relevant and increasing in the future, but can only draw preliminary results on the total direct and indirect costs of extreme precipitation in the future. These results will become available at the completion of the ToPDad project, which is the main source of financing for this study

SMARTMOVE : ANALYSE D’IMPACT - Effets sur la mobilité et les coûts externes du transport, effets budgétaires et effets socio-économiques

Ce rapport examine l’impact sur la mobilité et les coûts externes du transport, les effets budgétaires et les effets socio-économiques du projet SmartMove de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale (RBC). Le rapport se compose actuellement des sections suivantes : 1. Un aperçu des systèmes de péage urbain et des systèmes de péage avec GPS utilisés dans le monde entier. 2. Les sources de données utilisées qui constituent la base des analyses de la mobilité. 3. Les simulations avec le modèle TREMOVE utilisées pour calculer l’impact sur la mobilité en l’impact budgétaire. 4. Le nombre prévu et la stratégie de tarification des utilisateurs occasionnels. 5. Une revue de littérature et le contexte de l’impact socio-économique attendu des péages et le contexte dans la RBC. 6. L’analyse de l’impact social. 7. L’analyse de l’impact économique. 8. Enfin, les effets sur les émissions, les accidents et les modes actifs sont calculés, ainsi que les coûts externes y afférents