Synaptophysin protein levels in the cerebral cortices of 4- to 6- and 15- to 18-month-old wild-type (Wt, white bars) and Tg2576 mice (black bars) after treatment with saline (Sal) or (+)-phenserine (Phe).

<p>The signals corresponding to the synaptophysin levels were normalized to β-actin in each gel, and a pooled sample (P) was used to control the intergel variability. **<i>P</i><0.01 compared to saline-treated 4- to 6-month-old Tg2576 mice (Mann-Whitney test). Values are expressed as means ± SEM.</p

The effects of (+)-phenserine treatment on cell proliferation in the hippocampi of Tg2576 mice.

<p>The number of bromodeoxyuridine-positive (BrdU⁺) cells was increased in hippocampal regions of 4- to 6-month-old Tg2576 mice treated with saline (Sal) or (+)-phenserine (Phe). The number of BrdU⁺ cells was counted in the dentate gyrus (DG) (<b>A</b>), and in the CA1 region (<b>B</b>) in the hippocampi of wild-type (Wt) and Tg2576 mice. Representative images of the DG and CA1 in Tg2576 mice treated with saline (Sal) or (+)-phenserine (Phe) are shown in (<b>C</b>). The number of BrdU⁺ cells in the DG of 15- to 18-month-old Wt and Tg2576 mice treated with saline or (+)-phenserine is shown in Figures (<b>D</b>) and (<b>E</b>). *<i>P</i><0.05 compared to saline-treated Tg2576 mice aged 4–6 or 15–18 months (unpaired t-test). Values are expressed as means ± SEM. Sections were immunolabeled with BrdU (red) and the nuclei were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI, blue) and visualized at 20X magnification.</p

Modulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) burden in 15- to 18-month-old Tg2576 mice treated with (+)-phenserine.

<p>(<b>A</b>) <i>top</i> Binding of the amyloid ligand ³H-PIB (1.5 nM) to fibrillar Aβ in the brains of 15- to 18-month-old Tg2576 mice treated with saline or (+)-phenserine (Phe). A decrease in ³H-PIB binding was observed following (+)-phenserine treatment compared to saline treated mice (<i>p</i> = 0.05; Mann-Whitney test). <i>Bottom,</i> representative autoradiography distributions of ³H-PIB in sagittal hemibrain sections of saline- and (+)-phenserine-treated Tg2576 mice. (<b>B</b>) Representative sections illustrating immunohistochemical staining of amyloid plaques with antibodies Aβ1-42 and 4G8 in the cerebral cortices of 15- to 18-month-old Tg2576 mice treated with (+)-phenserine and saline.</p