Distribution of mtDNA haplogroups between Cypriot PD patients and controls and Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) showing their association with PD.

<p>Distribution of mtDNA haplogroups between Cypriot PD patients and controls and Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) showing their association with PD.</p

Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) showing associations between mitochondrial haplogroup clusters and superclusters and PD.

<p>Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) showing associations between mitochondrial haplogroup clusters and superclusters and PD.</p

Temporal trends in COVID-19 outcomes in people with rheumatic diseases in Ireland: data from the COVID-19 global rheumatology alliance registry

Objectives: Although evidence is accumulating globally, data on outcomes in rheumatic disease and COVID-19 in Ireland are limited. We used data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance (C19-GRA) to describe time-varying COVID-19 outcomes for people with rheumatic disease in Ireland.Methods: Data entered into the C19-GRA provider registry from Ireland between 24th March 2020 and 9th July 2021 were analysed. Differences in the likelihood of hospitalisation and mortality according to demographic and clinical variables were investigated using Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. Trends in odds of hospitalisation and mortality over time were investigated using logistic regression with the time period as a categorical variable.Results: Of 212 cases included, 59.4% were female and median age was 58.0 years (range 13-96). Of the 212 cases, 92 (43%) were hospitalized and 22 (10.4%) died. Increasing age, a diagnosis of gout, ever smoking, glucocorticoid use, having comorbidities, and specific comorbidities of cancer, cardiovascular, and pulmonary disease were more common in those hospitalised. A diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis, csDMARD and/or b/tsDMARD use were less frequent in those hospitalised. Increasing age, a diagnosis of gout, ever smoking, having comorbidities and specific comorbidities of obesity, cardiovascular and pulmonary disease were more common in those who died. Odds of hospitalisation or mortality did not change over time.Conclusion: No temporal trend was observed in either COVID-19 related hospitalisation or mortality outcomes for people with rheumatic disease in Ireland.</div

Analysis of SMAD6 cg01339004 probe methylation.

<p>Ai: Boxplot of β-value methylation of cg01339004 probe as measured with Illumina 450 k beadchip in Stage 2. Aii: Boxplot of methylation level of cg01339004 probe as measured with bisulphite pyrosequencing in Stage 3. B: Volcano plot: Difference in median methylation between the two menarcheal age groups (>11 (n = 268) vs. ≤11 years, (n = 62), against the –log(P-Value) of a linear regression analysis with methylation as a continuous outcome (M-values) and age at menarche (>11 vs. ≤11 years) as a categorical exposure, adjusting for age, case-control status, and chip position. C. Q-Q plot on P-values from a linear regression analysis with methylation as a continuous outcome (M-values) and age at menarche (>11 vs. ≤11 years) as a categorical exposure, adjusting for age, case-control status, and chip position.</p

Boxplots of median genome-wide methylation between the three menarcheal age categories.

<p>A: Median % global methylation as measured with LUMA in Stage 1. Bi. Genome-wide methylation across all probes (averaged per individual). Bii. Genome-wide methylation across probes on CpG islands (averaged per individual). Biii. Genome-wide methylation across probes on promoter regions (averaged per individual). M^¤ = Median methylation value. p = p value from Wilcoxon rank-sum test comparisons.</p

Logistic Regression for percent genome wide methylation (LUMA levels below vs. above median) by age at menarche as a categorical variable and other relevant confounders.

a<p>Each OR is adjusted for all other variables in the table.</p>*<p>Significant at the 0.05 level.</p

Subject demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, and reproductive characteristics, by analysis stage.

*<p>Failure of category counts to add up to this value denotes missing values.</p>±<p>SD: Standard Deviation, BMI: Body Mass Index, FFTP: First Full Term Pregnancy, HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy, OC: Oral Contraceptive.</p

Anthropometric and lifestyle variables in healthy controls with respect to LUMA genome wide methylation quartiles (Stage 1).

a<p>For continuous variables, P-value was derived from Kruskal-Wallis test. For categorical variables, P-value was derived from a chi square test, with the exclusion of “Unknown” categories due to their small cell counts. Both reflect the association between quartiles of methylation and the investigated variables.</p>*<p>Significant at the Bonferroni-corrected significance cut off (P = 0.003) for multiple comparisons.</p>±<p>BMI: Body Mass Index, FFTP: First Full Term Pregnancy, HRT: Hormone Replacement Therapy, OC: Oral Contraceptive.</p