27,687 research outputs found
Swearwords Used by Gangsters in the âAlpha Dogâ Movie
Many people assume that swearwords is a rude word and should be avoided. Those words are used to insult, to curse, to offend or to mock at something when the speaker has strong emotion (Hughes, 1991,05). To swear at someone or something is to insult and deprecate the object of abuse, as well as to use other kinds of dysphemism (Allan & Burridge, 2006,76). Apparently some experts and scholars have been able to prove that swearwords also has a purpose and a meaning beside the one as commonly held. Therefore, the writer took the "Alpha Dog" movie as an example of the analyzed cases. Examples have been found by the writer including the categories of epithets derived from tabooed bodily organs, epithets derived from bodily effluvia, epithets derived from sexual behaviours, dysphemistic epithets that pick on real physical characteristics that are treated as though they are abnormalities, imprecations and epithets invoking mental subnormality or derangement. Finally, the writer also managed to find a purpose or a reason for the people to use swearwords in real life
Beyond Rainbow-Ladder in a covariant three-body Bethe-Salpeter approach: Baryons
We report on recent results of a calculation of the nucleon and delta masses
in a covariant bound-state approach, where to the simple rainbow-ladder
gluon-exchange interaction kernel we add a pion-exchange contribution to
account for pion cloud effects. We observe good agreement with lattice data at
large pion masses. At the physical point our masses are too large by about five
percent, signaling the need for more structure in the gluon part of the
interaction.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of The 13th International Conference
on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon (MENU 2013), Rom
Monte Carlo Neutrino Transport Through Remnant Disks from Neutron Star Mergers
We present Sedonu, a new open source, steady-state, special relativistic
Monte Carlo (MC) neutrino transport code, available at
bitbucket.org/srichers/sedonu. The code calculates the energy- and
angle-dependent neutrino distribution function on fluid backgrounds of any
number of spatial dimensions, calculates the rates of change of fluid internal
energy and electron fraction, and solves for the equilibrium fluid temperature
and electron fraction. We apply this method to snapshots from two-dimensional
simulations of accretion disks left behind by binary neutron star mergers,
varying the input physics and comparing to the results obtained with a leakage
scheme for the case of a central black hole and a central hypermassive neutron
star. Neutrinos are guided away from the densest regions of the disk and escape
preferentially around 45 degrees from the equatorial plane. Neutrino heating is
strengthened by MC transport a few scale heights above the disk midplane near
the innermost stable circular orbit, potentially leading to a stronger
neutrino-driven wind. Neutrino cooling in the dense midplane of the disk is
stronger when using MC transport, leading to a globally higher cooling rate by
a factor of a few and a larger leptonization rate by an order of magnitude. We
calculate neutrino pair annihilation rates and estimate that an energy of
2.8e46 erg is deposited within 45 degrees of the symmetry axis over 300 ms when
a central BH is present. Similarly, 1.9e48 erg is deposited over 3 s when an
HMNS sits at the center, but neither estimate is likely to be sufficient to
drive a GRB jet.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures, Accepted to The Astrophysical Journa
Minimum free-energy path of homogenous nucleation from the phase-field equation
The minimum free-energy path (MFEP) is the most probable route of the
nucleation process on the multidimensional free-energy surface. In this study,
the phase-field equation is used as a mathematical tool to deduce the minimum
free-energy path (MFEP) of homogeneous nucleation. We use a simple
square-gradient free-energy functional with a quartic local free-energy
function as an example and study the time evolution of a single nucleus placed
within a metastable environment. The time integration of the phase-field
equation is performed using the numerically efficient cell-dynamics method. By
monitoring the evolution of the size of the nucleus and the free energy of the
system simultaneously, we can easily deduce the free-energy barrier as a
function of the size of the sub- and the super-critical nucleus along the MFEP.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, Journal of Chemical Physics accepted for
publicatio
Dirac fermion wave guide networks on topological insulator surfaces
Magnetic texturing on the surface of a topological insulator allows the
design of wave guide networks and beam splitters for domain-wall Dirac
fermions. Guided by simple analytic arguments we model a Dirac fermion
interferometer consisting of two parallel pathways, whereby a newly developed
staggered-grid leap-frog discretization scheme in 2+1 dimensions with absorbing
boundary conditions is employed. The net transmission can be tuned between
constructive to destructive interference, either by variation of the
magnetization (path length) or an applied bias (wave length). Based on this
principle, a Dirac fermion transistor is proposed. Extensions to more general
networks are discussed.Comment: Submitted to PR
Age Related Changes in Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Its Relationship to Global Brain Structure
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was funded by Alzheimerâs Research UK (ARUK) and the Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen. GDW, ADM and CS are part of the SINASPE collaboration (Scottish Imaging Network - A Platform for Scientific Excellence www.SINAPSE.ac.uk). The authors thank Gordon Buchan, Baljit Jagpal, Nichola Crouch, Beverly Maclennan and Katrina Klaasen for their help with running the experiment and Dawn Younie and Teresa Morris for their help with recruitment and scheduling. We also thank the residents of Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire, and further afield, for their generous participation.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Spin-Photon Entangling Diode
We propose a semiconductor device that can electrically generate entangled
electron spin-photon states, providing a building block for entanglement of
distant spins. The device consists of a p-i-n diode structure that incorporates
a coupled double quantum dot. We show that electronic control of the diode bias
and local gating allow for the generation of single photons that are entangled
with a robust quantum memory based on the electron spins. Practical performance
of this approach to controlled spin-photon entanglement is analyzed.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; figures update
Tuning the stochastic background of gravitational waves using the WMAP data
The cosmological bound of the stochastic background of gravitational waves is
analyzed with the aid of the WMAP data, differently from lots of works in
literature, where the old COBE data were used. From our analysis, it will
result that the WMAP bounds on the energy spectrum and on the characteristic
amplitude of the stochastic background of gravitational waves are greater than
the COBE ones, but they are also far below frequencies of the earth-based
antennas band. At the end of this letter a lower bound for the integration time
of a potential detection with advanced LIGO is released and compared with the
previous one arising from the old COBE data. Even if the new lower bound is
minor than the previous one, it results very long, thus for a possible
detection we hope in the LISA interferometer and in a further growth in the
sensitivity of advanced projects.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, published in Modern Physics Letters A. arXiv
admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0901.119
A Girsanov approach to slow parameterizing manifolds in the presence of noise
We consider a three-dimensional slow-fast system with quadratic nonlinearity
and additive noise. The associated deterministic system of this stochastic
differential equation (SDE) exhibits a periodic orbit and a slow manifold. The
deterministic slow manifold can be viewed as an approximate parameterization of
the fast variable of the SDE in terms of the slow variables. In other words the
fast variable of the slow-fast system is approximately "slaved" to the slow
variables via the slow manifold. We exploit this fact to obtain a two
dimensional reduced model for the original stochastic system, which results in
the Hopf-normal form with additive noise. Both, the original as well as the
reduced system admit ergodic invariant measures describing their respective
long-time behaviour. We will show that for a suitable metric on a subset of the
space of all probability measures on phase space, the discrepancy between the
marginals along the radial component of both invariant measures can be upper
bounded by a constant and a quantity describing the quality of the
parameterization. An important technical tool we use to arrive at this result
is Girsanov's theorem, which allows us to modify the SDEs in question in a way
that preserves transition probabilities. This approach is then also applied to
reduced systems obtained through stochastic parameterizing manifolds, which can
be viewed as generalized notions of deterministic slow manifolds.Comment: 54 pages, 6 figure
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